What kind of insect is this? Is it a new species? If so, how to apply for a patent?

It's just an ant lion. This is the larva of an ant fly.

Ant lion, the larva of Neuroptera Formicidae, is commonly known as "native cow", "sand monkey", "sand cow", "sand chicken", "sand turtle", "ground cow" or "old drop". The head is large, square and has a sickle-shaped upper jaw; The front chest forms a movable neck; The abdomen is oval, sandy gray and has mane. Living in the sand, build a funnel-shaped pit (2.5 ~ 5 cm deep and 2.5 ~ 7.5 cm wide at the mouth), use the abdomen as a plow, use the head to bear the dug particles and throw them out of the pit. Then he buried himself at the bottom of the pit, exposing only the upper palate, and preyed on the insects that slipped into the pit from the bottom. After sucking the contents of the prey, throw the empty shell out of the pit. Some species (such as the spotted-winged ant beetle) don't build pits, but catch ants and lions from hiding places.

Feeding on passing bugs.