The main problem affecting the utilization efficiency of agricultural water resources in China is the lack of effective management mechanism, which leads to the shortage and waste of water resources. In China, the irrigation amount per hectare in surface water irrigation area is 1.200- 1.500 m3, with a maximum of 2258. The irrigation amount per hectare in groundwater irrigation area is 900- 1.50 m3, which is twice higher than the appropriate water amount 1-2. The annual irrigation quota in northwest China can reach 16537 m3/hm2, which is the national level. The phenomenon of water resources "from agriculture to Africa" is serious. Although the conversion of agricultural water resources to non-agricultural fields has improved the utilization efficiency of water resources, it has also brought a series of problems, such as how to protect farmers' water rights and how to rationally allocate investment in water-saving agriculture. The bondage of the present situation of water-saving agriculture. Overview of the development of water-saving agriculture Water-saving agriculture is an agriculture that makes full use of precipitation and available water resources and adopts water conservancy and agricultural measures to improve the utilization rate and efficiency of water, that is, to improve the effectiveness of water use. The core of water-saving agriculture is water-saving irrigation, which is relatively backward in China at present.
The main problems existing in the development of water-saving agriculture are as follows: First, there are misunderstandings about water-saving agriculture, which means that water-saving agriculture is water-saving irrigation agriculture and water-saving technology is the patent of irrigation area. The overall level of water-saving technology is low. On the whole, China's agricultural water-saving technology level is still at a low level. Taking water-saving irrigation as an example, the area of water-saving irrigation in China accounts for 1/3 of the effective irrigation area, and canal seepage control and pipeline irrigation still dominate. Sprinkler irrigation, micro-drip irrigation and other efficient water-saving irrigation methods only account for about 4.3% of the effective irrigation area, which is far from developed countries. The variety and quality of water-saving irrigation equipment can not meet the development needs of water-saving irrigation. 3.3.3 There is no effective mechanism to promote the development of water-saving agriculture. Misunderstandings in management and backward system. At present, water management institutions lack water-saving function, which does not meet the needs of market economy and water-saving agriculture development. Irrigation management departments are seriously backward and out of touch, lacking efficiency.