1 product combination method
1) homologous combination method
Homologous combination refers to the combination of two or more identical products. Any same product can be combined, but the combined effect will be different.
For example, a pen with several refills of different colors constitutes a multi-purpose pen; Put nail clippers, file, scissors and ear gouge together to form a multifunctional pruning box; Some students combine smoke sensors and temperature sensors to make fire alarms; There is a pot in the market, which has the functions of steaming, frying, frying and frying.
2) Heterogeneous combination
Combining two or more different types of products is called heterogeneous combination. It can be achieved in two ways: subject addition and heterosis.
Today's products are basically multifunctional. For example, today's TV can watch TV, surf the Internet, play games, and connect with a computer to work. Leo, a student of Grade 20 1 1 in the School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering of Southwest Petroleum University, designed a multifunctional teaching aid which integrates drawing and demonstration of planar linkage mechanism.
(3) Decomposition and recombination
Any product can be regarded as an orderly combination of parts. The combination toys and machine tools we see are all examples of decomposition and reorganization.
For example, 1964, Huiyu was born, which is a high-tech intelligence assembly model of engineering technology. It can be a teaching aid to show scientific principles and technical processes, and can ensure repeated disassembly without affecting the accuracy of model combination; Patent design of dovetail groove in component industry, six-sided splicing, unique design can realize arbitrary combination and expansion. Figure 7-8 shows a manipulator equipped with a herring model.
Figure 7-8 dexterous fish model-manipulator
2 Information transmission methods
Information intersection method, also known as coordinate method, is a combination creation technology initiated by Xu Guotai, China. Its basic idea is to collect information with the help of coordinate system, and then use the information of each point on one coordinate axis to intersect with the information of each point on other coordinate axes, so as to generate new intersection information. If the plane coordinate system is adopted, it is called "binary coordinate association method" (referred to as binary coordinate method); If a three-axis spatial coordinate system is used, it is a "three-axis coordinate system".
First, select information elements and construct information intersection fields. You can choose any information element without any restrictions, but it is best to use nouns, adjectives and verbs, such as glass, fan, gas, ladder, slide, calendar, cool, lighting, bottle, crank, pipe, car, paper, flow, seat, triangle, pen container and cup. Fill in the information elements on the X axis and Y axis respectively, so that the coordinate axis becomes the information target. Two information coordinates can form an "information intersection field".
Then, think about the meaning of intersection.
Finally, the feasibility of meaningful intersection information is analyzed to determine whether the undeveloped technology is possible. Can you consider whether there is something similar in the analysis? If so, what's the difference? It can also be compared from the aspects of principle, structure, performance, manufacturing technology, materials, uses, energy, price, life and economic benefits.
3 morphological analysis method
Morphological analysis is an innovative technology to seek a large number of combinatorial ideas by using morphological matrix, and it is a combinatorial way to solve problems with the help of concepts and principles in morphology. Its characteristic is to divide the research object or problem into several basic components, then deal with one basic component separately, provide various solutions or schemes to the problem respectively, and finally form the overall scheme to solve the whole problem. At this time, several general schemes will appear, because different general schemes are obtained through different combinations. Whether every scheme in all general schemes is feasible or not must be analyzed by morphological methods. This method is often used in mechanical innovative design ideas.
Generally, it is used according to the following steps: (1) Defining the problem (invention and design) to be solved by this technology; To solve the problem, according to the basic components such as important functions, list the relevant independent factors; List the elements contained in each independent factor in detail; Combine all the elements into a creative idea.