With the advancement of electronically controlled fuel injection system technology, EFI motorcycles are increasingly entering the market. The EFI systems of various types of motorcycles are composed of an air intake system, a fuel supply system, and an ignition system (ECU). Control) and control system are composed of four parts. During use, you must understand the basic principles of their maintenance. The air intake system of modern motorcycle EFI systems is mainly composed of air flow meters (devices) or absolute pressure sensors and intake air temperature sensors. They are all precision electronic control components. During use, make sure to work under clean conditions. Generally, technical failures will not occur. Therefore, daily routine maintenance of motorcycles is very important.
1. Always check the air filter element and its surroundings for dirt, dust and impurities. If so, remove it or blow it out from the inside out with compressed air, and replace it if necessary.
2. Check whether the connection at the joint of the air inlet hose is reliable, whether the hose is broken, leaking, aging, etc., and replace it as necessary.
3. Check each sensor for obvious damage or damage. If any, replace it with a new one and cannot repair it.
4. Check whether the connection between each sensor and the ECU is firm and reliable, whether the wire plug is inserted in place, whether there is any corrosion and oxidation, whether the wire is frayed or short circuited or open circuited, and any abnormalities are found. Must be excluded. Whenever you check the fuel supply system, you should first turn off the electric door lock switch and remove the negative lead of the battery. Care should be taken every step to prevent explosion or fire.
Before disassembly, the pressure in the fuel supply system must be released first. The method is: open the fuel tank cap to release the pressure in the fuel tank, remove the fuel pump connector, start the engine and let it run at idle speed. until the engine shuts down on its own. If the engine cannot start, you can remove the wiring harness connector on the injector, ground one of the terminals (ground iron), and use a jumper wire to contact the other terminal with the positive terminal of the battery for no more than 10 seconds to release the system. When the above two pressure relief methods are not feasible, you can also use the method of disassembling the oil pipe to remove the pressure of the oil in the oil supply system. When using this method to relieve pressure, you should find a clean rag to wrap the disassembly area and absorb it. Gasoline to prevent pressure oil from spraying everywhere.
1. EFI motorcycles are only allowed to use unleaded gasoline of 93﹟ and above
2. As long as the electric gasoline pump and electromagnetic injector are working properly, they cannot be easily disassembled. However, it is necessary to check the reliability of the wiring harness plug. If there is a fault, it should be done by professionals.
3. When removing the electric fuel pump from the fuel tank, do not energize the fuel pump to avoid sparks and fire;
4. The fuel pump is not allowed to be in a dry state Or perform the operation test in water, otherwise its service life will be shortened. In addition, the positive and negative poles of the fuel pump cannot be connected reversely.
5. When replacing the fuel pump bracket assembly, only the unpacked fuel pump bracket assembly can be replaced and it is ready for use. The protective cap can only be removed when the fuel pump is about to be installed. It is absolutely not allowed to remove the oil inlet filter. Foreign objects entering the oil pump inlet or filter may cause damage to the oil pump.
6. Do not use damaged oil pumps or oil pumps that have been dropped to the ground.
7. After disassembling the oil pipe, prevent foreign matter from entering and contaminating or blocking the oil supply system. The oil pipe joint of the oil supply system is specially designed, so special attention should be paid when disassembling it. All used O-rings, gaskets, pipe clamps, gaskets, etc. are disposable accessories and should be replaced with new ones to ensure that the oil supply system is sealed and does not leak oil.
8. The disassembly and replacement of oil pipes should be carried out by professional maintenance personnel in a well-ventilated area. Each component of the ignition system must have sufficient insulation strength and mechanical strength. It is required to be resistant to high temperatures, moisture, corrosion, low failure rate, long service life, and easy adjustment. Therefore, during maintenance operations, you should:
1. Check whether each wire harness is connected reliably, whether the plugs are in place, and whether there is any corrosion due to oil pollution or poor insulation. Broken wires should be wrapped with insulating tape, and the wiring direction should not be changed at will according to the design.
2. When disconnecting or connecting the connector, be sure to turn off the ignition switch, otherwise the EFI components will be damaged.
3. The spark plug gap must be carefully adjusted and corrected as required to prevent it from being too large or too small. When checking the ignition system, perform a spark jump test only when necessary, and the time should be as short as possible. Do not open the throttle during the test, otherwise a large amount of unburned gasoline will enter the exhaust pipe and damage the three-way catalytic converter. .
4. The components of the ignition system are generally irreparable and should be replaced with new ones if they are found to be faulty or damaged. The rated operating voltage of the electronic controller ECU in modern motorcycle systems is generally 5V DC voltage. ECU is very sensitive to high temperature and high voltage. When the external voltage is higher than the rated operating voltage of the ECU system or the external temperature is higher than the allowable value of the rated temperature, the ECU will be damaged. The following rules must be paid attention to during daily maintenance:
1. No matter whether the motorcycle engine is running or not, as long as the ignition switch is in the ON position, never disconnect any 12V electrical working device. Because when this type of device is disconnected, a high instantaneous overvoltage will be generated due to the self-inductance of any coil, which may reach more than 7000V. Such a high instantaneous overvoltage, when added to the ECU system through the power wires, will inevitably cause damage to the electronic control system. Although ECUs are equipped with power overload protection devices, such a high voltage for too long can cause damage to the protection device. Electric fuel pumps, ignition coils, various relays and injectors are all loads with large inductance in the electronic injection system.
2. ECU is generally not prone to failure. If it fails, only professionals with specialized training can detect or repair it, and generally only the module can be replaced. Users must not disassemble it at will during use to avoid damage to the ECU. During maintenance, you only need to check whether the wires are detached or frayed, and whether the connectors are in place. When testing the ECU system or replacing modules, the operator must ground the body first to prevent static electricity from damaging the ECU.
3. You cannot use a pointer multimeter to test the ECU sensor. Instead, use a high-impedance digital multimeter (above 10M). This is because if you use a low-impedance multimeter to test the ECU system, it is equivalent to the ECU. A larger load is connected in parallel to the measuring point, which may damage the ECU system due to overload. There is no need for a test light to test any electrical devices connected to the ECU. This is because the voltage of the test lamp is much higher than the rated operating voltage of the ECU system, which is likely to damage the ECU system.
When folding and installing the connecting wires, you must first turn off the ignition switch and cut off the power supply to the ECU system. At the same time, please note that the independent power supply line of the ECU system cannot be changed at will.
4. When the engine is running, any wire of the battery cannot be disconnected casually. Before installing the battery, be sure to identify the positive and negative polarity, and do not connect them reversely. At the same time, the connection between the battery electrodes and the cables must be firm and reliable, and the grounding must be firm, otherwise it will cause instability and adverse effects on the electronic control system. After the battery is reinstalled, if the starting conditions are not as good as before the battery was disconnected, do not replace parts at will, because this situation may be due to the fact that the learning, correction and memory parameters in the ECU are eliminated after the battery is disconnected. . After the engine has been running for a certain period of time, the ECU automatically establishes the learning correction memory, and the unsatisfactory engine operation will automatically disappear.
5. When cleaning the motorcycle, pay attention to protecting the ECU. Do not wash it with tap water to avoid corrosion and short circuit in the ECU system due to moisture. If it gets wet with water, blow it dry immediately to keep it in good condition.
6. Motorcycle speakers cannot be installed close to the ECU because the magnets of the speakers will damage components in the ECU.