Smart agriculture is a modern agricultural technology that applies modern technologies such as the Internet of Things to traditional agriculture. For our country, smart agriculture is an important part of the development of our smart economy.
At present, my country’s smart agriculture is still in its infancy. my country has introduced more policies to support the development of smart agriculture, which has led to more large-scale agricultural production enterprises and Internet companies entering the smart agriculture industry, leading to the development of smart agriculture in my country. There are many enterprises in the agricultural industry and the composition of the enterprises is relatively complex.
Main listed companies in the smart agriculture industry: Currently, the listed companies in the domestic smart agriculture industry include China Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd. (600195), Longping Hi-Tech (000998), Haid Group (002311), Muyuan Co., Ltd. (002714), Wenshi Shares (300498), Dabeinong (002385), Dahuanong (300186), Jifeng Agricultural Machinery (300022), Huaying Agriculture (002321), Chuying Agriculture and Animal Husbandry (002477), Xindu Chemical (002539), Saiwei Intelligence ( 300044), New Hope (000876), Red Sun (000525), Sichuan Meifeng (000731), Huifeng Shares (002496), etc.
The core data of this article: smart agriculture industry industry chain, smart agriculture industry panorama, smart agriculture market scale, smart agriculture upstream and downstream industry supply scale, smart agriculture industry competition pattern, smart agriculture industry development trends
Panorama of the industrial chain of China’s smart agriculture industry
Smart agriculture is the application of Internet of Things technology to traditional agriculture, using sensors and software to monitor animals, plants, soil, Real-time detection of environmental and other factors from macro to micro to improve the cognitive ability of the nature of agricultural animals and plants, the ability to regulate complex agricultural systems and the ability to handle agricultural emergencies, so as to achieve rational use of agricultural resources and reduce production costs. , improve the ecological environment, and increase the output and quality of agricultural products.
The main raw materials in the upstream of smart agriculture are non-ferrous metals, monocrystalline silicon and electronic ceramics. The upstream components and systems include integrated circuits, satellite navigation systems and sensors. The midstream of smart agriculture mainly includes data platforms, drone plant protection, agricultural machinery and automatic machinery, intelligent breeding, etc.; the downstream of smart agriculture mainly includes the production of agricultural products.
Representative companies in the upstream satellite navigation system for smart agriculture mainly include BeidouStar, CCE Navigation, Hitec, Huali Chuangtong, etc.; representative integrated circuit companies mainly include SMIC, TSMC, SK Hynix, etc. ;Main representative companies in the sensor field include Hikvision, Dali Technology, Goertek, etc.; From the perspective of raw materials, non-ferrous metal production companies for equipment and system raw materials required in the upstream of smart agriculture include Jiaozuo Wanfang, Xinjiang Zhonghe and other companies; Monocrystalline silicon production companies include Longi, Zhonghe Co., Ltd., etc.; electronic ceramic production companies include Kyocera, Sanhuan Group and other companies.
Representative companies in the field of smart agricultural midstream data platforms include Haixin Huaxia, Aokemei, etc.; representative companies in the field of drone plant protection include DJI Innovations, XAG Technology, etc.; representative companies in the field of agricultural machinery and automatic machinery. Companies include Bochuang Linkage, Sinan Navigation, etc.; the field of intelligent breeding includes technology companies such as NetEase, as well as companies such as Tequ Group and Wen's Co., Ltd.
The downstream industries of smart agriculture mainly include COFCO, Shennong Intelligence, New Hope Group and other enterprises.
Policies promote the development of the smart agriculture industry
In 2014, my country proposed the concept of "smart agriculture". In 2016, "smart agriculture" was written into the "No. 1 Central Document" for the first time, which illustrates that our country The government attaches great importance to smart agriculture. In the future, with the disappearance of my country's demographic dividend and the constraints of resources and environment, my country will pay more and more attention to the development of smart agriculture. At the same time, as policies continue to increase, the scale of my country's smart agriculture will continue to expand.
Policy support has attracted a large number of companies to enter the smart agriculture industry
At present, with the support of my country's policies, it has not only attracted a number of traditional planting and breeding companies with certain strength, such as Dabeinong, COFCO, Wen's Co., Ltd., etc. have begun to enter the smart agriculture industry, and have also attracted a number of modern Internet companies with smart technology to enter the smart agriculture industry. For example, the Internet giant NetEase started smart pig farming in 2009, using modern technology Remote sensing monitoring of the physical condition, food intake and excretion of pigs provides pigs with a high-quality and comfortable living environment, making the pork produced delicious and safe. This move by NetEase has given NetEase a place in the field of smart agriculture and made it famous. noise.
The scale of my country’s smart agriculture market continues to expand
Although the application of smart agriculture in my country is still in its infancy, thanks to the support of the social and technological environment, China’s smart agriculture industry has been able to stabilize develop. In 2016, the State Council promulgated the "Opinions on the Separation of Rural Land Ownership Contract Rights and Management Rights", which further divided the land contract management rights in rural land property rights into contract rights and management rights, achieving the parallel separation of the three rights and protecting the business entities. land management rights, improve their enthusiasm for engaging in agricultural activities, and create a good foundation for moderately large-scale agricultural operations.
There is currently no authoritative data announcing the market size of my country’s smart agriculture industry. According to data from CICC, the current penetration rate of smart agriculture applications in my country is less than 1%. It is assumed that the penetration rate is increasing year by year. , combined with my country's agricultural output value, it is initially estimated that the market size of my country's smart agriculture industry in 2020 will be about 62.2 billion yuan.
Upstream - upstream raw materials for smart agriculture: supply is relatively sufficient
The upstream raw materials for smart agriculture mainly include non-ferrous metals, monocrystalline silicon, electronic ceramics, etc. These raw materials are mainly used in the Internet of Things, Manufacturing of electronic components for cloud computing carrying equipment. At present, my country's supply of non-ferrous metals and monocrystalline silicon is relatively sufficient. However, due to certain technical barriers, there are few domestic large-scale electronic ceramic manufacturers in my country. The supply of electronic ceramics is more dependent on Japan, the United States and other countries.
Upstream - core components and systems of smart agriculture: supply is relatively stable
Core components and systems of smart agriculture mainly include satellite navigation systems, integrated circuits and sensors. Among them, in the field of satellite navigation, my country's independently developed Beidou Satellite Navigation System (BDS) has basically achieved full coverage and can be put into use in the field of smart agriculture; while the supply of integrated circuits is relatively sufficient, with my country's integrated circuit output in 2020 reaching 261.47 billion block, a year-on-year increase of 29.55% in 2019; in terms of sensors, most of my country's sensor supply companies have certain technical strength, can break through technical barriers, and are constantly expanding production capacity, resulting in a relatively stable supply of sensors in my country.
——Satellite navigation system of core components and systems
The application of satellite navigation system in the smart agriculture industry mainly provides favorable technical support for agricultural machinery automatic driving technology. With the support of the navigation system, farmers can use their tablets to browse news over and over again for field operations. Farmers will follow the preset routes of the satellite navigation system to fertilize, spray pesticides and other work.
In December 2018, the State Council issued the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting Agricultural Mechanization and the Transformation and Upgrading of the Agricultural Machinery Equipment Industry", which stated "promoting the demonstration application of smart agriculture." Promote the application of satellite positioning and other information technologies in agricultural machinery equipment and agricultural machinery operations. The issuance of the "Opinions" has a certain promotion effect on the application of satellite navigation in my country's agricultural field.
There are currently four main satellite navigation systems in the world, namely China's Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), the United States' Global Positioning System (GPS), and Russia's GLONASS. and the Galileo system jointly developed by Europe and ESA.
From the supply side, the Global Positioning System (GPS) has a large number of satellites and they are evenly distributed, ensuring that at least 4 GPS satellites can be observed simultaneously anywhere on the earth at any time, which can be achieved The global all-weather continuous navigation and positioning service is the satellite navigation system that currently provides the most extensive services and the most adaptability; the Beidou satellite navigation system is my country's third-generation Beidou navigation system and is a true global navigation system.
Global positioning accuracy is better than 10 meters, speed measurement accuracy is better than 0.2 meters/second, timing accuracy is better than 20 nanoseconds, and service availability is better than 99%. The services of the Beidou navigation system have the best performance in the Asia-Pacific region Better. The GLONASS system is currently a satellite navigation system with strong anti-interference capabilities, and the Galileo system has more accurate positioning in Europe.
——Integrated circuits of core components and systems
Integrated circuits are important electronic components used in the fields of Internet of Things, cloud computing and artificial intelligence. The application of integrated circuits in the field of smart agriculture can accurately analyze weather changes, pests and diseases, air humidity, livestock health and other factors in agricultural planting, livestock breeding, etc., effectively reducing non-systemic risks faced by agricultural planting, livestock breeding, etc. .
With the improvement of my country's integrated circuit manufacturing technology, my country's integrated circuit products are also getting higher and higher. According to statistics from the National Bureau of Statistics, the total output of my country's integrated circuit manufacturing industry has been increasing year by year from 2011 to 2020. In 2020, my country's integrated circuit manufacturing industry achieved a cumulative output value of 261.47 billion units, a year-on-year increase of 29.55% from 2019.
In the first quarter of 2021, my country's integrated circuit output reached 82.05 billion units, an increase of 62.10% compared with the first quarter of 2020. The growth rate increased significantly. The main reason is that in the first quarter of 2020, my country's integrated circuit output reached 82.05 billion units. The shutdown and production shutdown were caused by the low operating rate of the integrated circuit industry.
——Sensors of core components and systems
The main suppliers of my country’s sensor industry include Hikvision, Chemical Technology Industry Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Dali Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai Welltech Industrial Automation Co., Ltd., etc. Most sensor and sensor component manufacturers are listed companies with large scale and relatively stable production capacity. Among them, Zhejiang Dali Technology Co., Ltd. and Shenzhen Topband Co., Ltd. are actively expanding their company's sensor production capacity. Taken together, the supply of upstream sensors for smart agriculture is good.
Midstream - smart agriculture segment product supply companies are more secure
The midstream of smart agriculture mainly includes data platform services, intelligent breeding, plant protection drones and agricultural machinery automatic driving. Judging from the situation of the four major product suppliers in the smart agriculture market segment, according to the number of enterprises and their application types, in the current market supply structure, data platform service providers dominate, followed by intelligent breeding solutions.
——Midstream's data service platform service
Data platform service refers to the use of sensors, wireless communications, big data, cloud computing, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence and other technologies to collect data And analysis, through visual display, real-time tracking of crop growth, monitoring of pests and diseases, prediction of crop yield, etc.
There are three main methods of agricultural data collection: satellites, drones, and sensors. Data on land, crops, weather and climate are collected through satellite remote sensing technology, and drone aerial photography is used to monitor crop growth in real time. , pest and disease data, and sensors to collect air, soil temperature and humidity, soil moisture, light intensity, and crop growth data. By analyzing and processing the collected data, and establishing a visual model, precise crop management can be achieved.
Generally speaking, agricultural data platform service providers provide equipment solutions to dealers and build data on the soil around farmers, allowing dealers to provide farmers with customized and precise crop formula fertilizers, thereby creating Own brand of agricultural supplies. In terms of data platform services, it provides services for large-scale agricultural planting, not only expands its own market, but also accumulates supporting technologies and products, truly empowering agricultural service organizations.
At present, my country's main smart agricultural data service providers include HiChip Huaxia, Aokemei, Jiage Tiandi, etc. The specific product layout of large-scale agricultural data platform service providers is as follows:
——Midstream drone plant protection services
For drone plant protection, the key is to ensure that agricultural drones The pesticide spraying effect during the drone plant protection process, and the factors that affect the drone plant protection effect include pesticides, drones and plant protection teams.
At present, the R&D and production enterprises of plant protection drones in my country are mainly DJI Innovations, XAG Technology, Hi-Tech New Agriculture and Yuanmu Holdings. Among them, DJI Innovations is the absolute leader in the plant protection drone industry. Enterprises, and the plant protection drone technology of XAG Technology, Gaoke Xinnong and Yuanmu Holdings is slowly improving.
——Agricultural machinery automatic driving in the midstream
The most important technology for agricultural machinery automatic driving is the agricultural machinery vehicle navigation system. Its working principle is to use the satellite navigation system to realize the function of agricultural machinery operating in a straight line. The surrounding crop growth data is obtained through the camera and the vehicle information data is tracked in real time by the navigation satellite. The data obtained by the three are transmitted to the control terminal through the wireless network. After analyzing the data, the on-board computer monitor is used to display the operation status and operation progress in real time.
In 2020, sales of China's agricultural automatic navigation systems and equipment showed explosive growth. According to data released by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, agricultural machinery has supported the installation of more than 23,000 Beidou terminals in 2020, which is nearly double the number in 2019. Among them, agricultural machinery automatic driving systems sold 17,000 units, a year-on-year increase of 188%.
At this stage, the domestic agricultural machinery automatic driving system is priced at 50,000-60,000 yuan/set, which has dropped significantly compared with the 100,000-140,000 yuan/set a few years ago. At present, China’s agricultural machinery Autonomous driving systems can receive agricultural machinery subsidies of about 15,000-25,000 yuan per set, which reduces farmers' purchase burden and promotes sales growth of agricultural machinery autonomous driving systems.
——Intelligent breeding in the midstream
The breeding industry is mainly divided into four core links: breeding, breeding, feeding and disease prevention. Intelligent breeding uses new technologies (Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, etc.) and new concepts to reduce livestock and poultry mortality and improve product quality. It is mainly used in the three stages of breeding, feeding and disease prevention. A complete set of intelligent breeding solutions includes not only software facilities such as data platform services, but also intelligent breeding equipment, such as automated feeding devices, surveillance cameras, sensors, ear tags and a series of other equipment.
At present, most large suppliers, including Internet companies and agricultural technology companies, can provide a complete set of intelligent breeding solutions. Customers can flexibly choose and match products and equipment based on actual scene needs. Small and medium-sized enterprises provide more online breeding service platform software or systems, which are positioned at breeding production management services, realize mobile office, and perform primary data processing.
Downstream - there is a wide demand in the downstream application fields of smart agriculture
Plant product production includes grain production, fruit and vegetable production, and medicinal material production. In the smart production process, unmanned production needs to be achieved. During the sowing process, plant protection drones and agricultural unmanned vehicles are needed for sowing and pesticide spraying. In the crop picking process, automatic picking robots and automatic sorting robots are needed. In the production process of animal agricultural products, automatic incubators, automatic feeders, automatic slaughtering machines and automatic sorting machines are needed.
From 2013 to 2019, my country's per capita demand for cereal agricultural products showed a downward trend year by year. In 2019, my country's per capita demand for cereals was 117.94 kilograms, a year-on-year decrease of 1.42% from 2018. From the perspective of soy products, the per capita demand for soy products in my country showed a fluctuating growth trend from 2013 to 2019. In 2019, my country's per capita demand for beans reached 9.30 kilograms, a year-on-year increase of 12.09% from 2018.
From the perspective of potato products, my country's potato agricultural products fluctuated from 2013 to 2019. In 2019, my country's per capita demand for potato agricultural products was 2.87 kilograms, a year-on-year increase of 8.55% from 2018.
Note: The National Bureau of Statistics has not yet released the 2020 data, and the 2019 data will be used for the time being.
From the heat map of agricultural product planting enterprises in my country, Henan, Anhui, Sichuan, and Guizhou are the provinces with a large number of agricultural product planting enterprises in my country. Hebei, Heilongjiang and other provinces also have a large number of agricultural product planting enterprises.
From 2013 to 2019, my country’s per capita pork consumption showed a fluctuating growth trend. In 2019, my country's per capita pork consumption was 20.3 kilograms. The reason for the decrease in consumption compared with 2018 is that the impact of African swine fever has reduced people's consumption of pork. The fluctuating growth trend of per capita beef and mutton consumption in my country from 2013 to 2019. In 2019, my country's per capita consumption of beef and mutton was 2.2 kilograms and 1.2 kilograms respectively.
From the heat map of the distribution of livestock breeding enterprises in my country, Anhui Province is the province with the most livestock breeding enterprises in my country, followed by Xinjiang, Tibet and other provinces where animal husbandry is the main industry.
Summary--Smart agriculture has good development prospects
At present, with the development of our country's economy and the advancement of science and technology, coupled with the fact that our country's demographic dividend is slowly disappearing, our country attaches great importance to wisdom. development of agriculture. In November 2020, the "Recommendations of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the 14th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-term Goals for 2035" set out the goal of building smart agriculture, and included policy support for smart agriculture. At the same time of development, our country is also supporting the development of smart agriculture in terms of technology and capital. Therefore, the development prospects of smart agriculture in our country are good in the future. The specific analysis of the development prospects of smart agriculture is as follows:
For more data, please refer to the "In-depth Research Report on Panoramic Analysis of the Industrial Chain of China's Smart Agriculture Industry and Suggestions on Investment Strategies" by the Qianzhan Industry Research Institute.