Wang Xinlin, Deputy County Magistrate of Donghai County People's Government
1. Basic overview of Donghai County
Donghai County is located in the northeast of Jiangsu Province and is the bridgehead of the New Eurasian Continent. The first county to the west, the world-famous "Asia's No. 1 Well" and "East China No. 1 Hot Spring" are located in this county. The county has a total area of ??2,248 square kilometers, 1.9 million acres of cultivated land, and a population of 1.13 million. The strata in Donghai County are mainly metamorphic rocks. Due to special geological processes, Donghai County is rich in mineral resources. According to preliminary determination by the geological department, Donghai County contains 37 types of underground mineral deposits, including crystal, quartz, rutile, serpentine, 29 kinds of non-metallic mineral deposits such as kyanite, ruby, and vermiculite have industrial mining value. In particular, non-metallic minerals such as serpentine, rutile, and granite have large reserves and mining volumes, ranking among the top in the country. One-half of the county has crystal and quartz reserves, with a total reserve of 300 million tons, of which crystal reserves are about 300,000 tons, and the crystal silica content reaches more than 99.99%. The 3.45-ton "Crystal King" and the 1.99-ton "Crystal King" currently on display at the China Geological Museum are both from the East China Sea. Chairman Mao Zedong's crystal coffin was also made from East China Sea crystals. In recent years, Donghai County has vigorously implemented the "industrial county" strategy, firmly established the economic status of industrial entities, and has formed a complete industrial system including silicon resource industry, food, wood processing, and clothing. Among them, silicon resource processing is listed as a national-level regional pillar industry, accounting for more than 30% of the entire industrial economy, effectively promoting the industrialization process of the county.
Wang Xinlin, Deputy County Magistrate of Donghai County People’s Government
2. Development of the crystal handicraft industry in Donghai County
(1) Historical development of the crystal industry in Donghai County
Donghai County has a long history of developing and processing crystals. The "Kangxi Haizhou Chronicles" compiled during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty records: "Niushan, seventy miles west of (Hai)zhou, produces crystal stones." It can be seen that, The people of the East China Sea have mined and utilized crystals for at least three hundred years. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the state attached great importance to Donghai County's crystal resources and its mining and utilization. Since 1953, it has entrusted supply and marketing cooperatives to purchase crystals on behalf of the state. Later, management and operating organizations such as the "Local State-owned Donghai Crystal Mine", "Mining Company", and "105 Mine" were successively established to specialize in the mining, acquisition, and management of crystals. According to statistics, the annual crystal purchase volume of Donghai 105 Mine was about 100 tons in the 1950s, and reached more than 300 tons in the 1970s. The annual purchase volume reached a maximum of 652 tons, accounting for one-third of the country's total. Since the 1980s, the amount of East China Sea crystal mining has remained between 600 and 1,000 tons.
After the reform and opening up, the people of Donghai made full use of the advantages of crystal and silicon resources and actively developed the crystal and silicon series product processing industry, gradually becoming the pillar of Donghai's industrial economy. Especially in the early 1990s, state-owned enterprises, collectives, families, individuals, including foreign investors, set up crystal jewelry factories one after another, showing a booming upsurge in the production and operation of crystal products.
(2) The development status of the crystal industry in Donghai County
At present, there are 2,962 large and small enterprises and workshops engaged in crystal and silicon resource processing in Donghai County, among which there are crystal and silicon enterprises of a certain scale. There are more than 500 silicon resource processing companies, and more than 50 companies have fixed assets of more than 10 million yuan. Now it has an annual production capacity of more than 20 million pieces of crystal jewelry, 5 million pieces of crystal handicrafts, 40,000 tons of silica powder, 15,000 tons of crystal sand, 10,000 tons of quartz drawn tubes and 150 million quartz glass lamps. According to statistics, the county's silicon industry achieved an output value of more than 6 billion yuan in 2006, accounting for one-third of the county's total industrial output value.
Donghai crystal products are complete in variety and category. The main products can be divided into the following categories:
Crystal raw stones: natural crystal single crystal, geode, crystal cluster, crystal chrysanthemum Stone, synthetic crystal single crystal, etc.;
Crystal jewelry categories: necklaces, bracelets, bracelets, corsages, buttons, rings, earrings, earrings, pendants, etc.;
Crystal collection categories : All kinds of strange stones, exotic stones, orphans, unique products, etc.;
Crystal crafts categories: crystal carvings, crystal paintings, screens, crystal ornamental balls, crystal snuff bottles, crystal fortune trees, etc.;
Crystal daily necessities: glasses (including myopia glasses, reading glasses, sunglasses, etc.), wine sets, tea sets, seals, pillow skins, pillow cushions, pillow mats, chess, Go, etc.;
Crystal instruments: Buddha statues, Guanyin, Buddhist balls, rosary beads, zodiac animals, etc.;
Imitation crystal handicrafts: various gifts, office supplies, lamps, etc.;
Industrial raw and auxiliary materials : Quartz drawn tubes, silica powder, glass quartz raw materials, piezoelectric quartz crystals and components, etc.
3. Donghai County’s unique local advantages in developing crystal industry
(1) Characteristics of crystal handicraft production
Various natural crystal jewelry, carvings, balls , landscape stones, etc. Due to the uniqueness of raw materials, the crystal products produced are also unique. Even mass-produced necklaces, bracelets, balls, landscape stones and other products are different and each has its own characteristics. The process of crystal processing is simple and requires less mechanical equipment. Even one person can perform crystal processing. Therefore, Donghai crystal processing is mainly based on family workshops and is spread throughout urban and rural areas. Take 1993 as an example. At that time, more than 100,000 people were engaged in crystal processing in Donghai County, and the sound of octagonal millstones grinding necklaces could be heard in every township and village group. The development of the crystal processing industry has absorbed a large number of rural surplus workers and is a typical labor-intensive industry. The main markets for crystal jewelry and handicrafts are in major cities in China. High-end crystal carvings, landscape stones, balls, etc. are mainly oriented to markets in Southeast Asia, Japan, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, South Korea and other places, and their sales are relatively promising. Being less affected by the international market is also a significant feature of crystal craft production. During the financial turmoil of the 20th century, the demand for crystal crafts had little impact. In the processing of crystal handicrafts, technical compatibility is strong. In recent years, Donghai has gradually introduced advanced processing technologies, which has effectively promoted the development of the processing industry. Such as laser internal engraving technology, crystal color addition and other technologies. At the same time, traditional crafts are also being carried forward, such as traditional engraving and polishing processes that cannot be replaced by high-tech means for the time being.
The development path of China’s jewelry and jade jewelry characteristic industry base
(2) Market advantages of the crystal handicraft industry
1. The actual market demand is huge. According to statistics, the annual turnover of Donghai Crystal City alone reached RMB 2 billion in 2006. If you include crystal products that are not traded in Crystal City and are sold directly at manufacturers or in other places, the transaction volume should still increase, and it is estimated that it will increase by at least More than double. At present, the entire crystal market has not yet reached saturation based on the production capacity of the East China Sea and other places.
2. The potential market demand is broad. With the development of the economy and the improvement of people's living standards, the potential market demand for crystal is very huge; starting from the development of technology and handicrafts, continuously improving the grade and practical value of crystal handicrafts can further stimulate market consumption; we can also vigorously develop tourism products , let crystal handicrafts become a beautiful scenery in major tourist attractions, and use this to develop the domestic market; as for the international market, while consolidating the original Asian market, we can increase the development of the European and American markets.
Wang Xinlin, deputy head of Donghai County, introduced crystal products to foreign guests
(3) Donghai County’s unique local advantages in developing the crystal handicraft industry
1. Network system sound. The Donghai crystal craft industry has formed a sound network system after years of cultivation and growth. It can be said that in towns across the country where there are crystal markets, there are people from Donghai who are selling crystals. Operators form a nationwide marketing network through self-operation, partnership, consignment, etc. In some trade fairs, such as the Canton Fair and Shanghai Tourism Festival, crystal booths are a powerful supplement to the sales network.
It is also through these networks that crystal raw materials from all over the country and abroad continue to flow to the East China Sea. After being processed in the East China Sea, they continue to flow to markets everywhere. Every year, Donghai County imports nearly 10,000 tons of crystal raw materials from all over the world, making Donghai a veritable world crystal distribution center.
2. It has a mature professional crystal trading market. Donghai Crystal City is located in the prosperous area of ??Donghai County. It was funded and established by Donghai County Supply and Marketing Cooperative in 1992. It has been expanded three times since then. It has a registered capital of 10.18 million yuan, fixed assets of 100 million yuan, an area of ??30,000 square meters, and a construction area of ????30,000 square meters. 45,000 square meters, including Crystal City, Holiday Plaza and Market. There are more than 2,000 shops and more than 5,000 employees. They mainly deal in natural crystal, crystal handicrafts, crystal processing machinery, various raw and auxiliary materials in the processing of crystal handicrafts, other mineral products, jewelry and jade products, etc. In 2006, the company settled in Business households achieved a transaction volume of 2.01 billion yuan, a profit of 50.345 million yuan, and a tax of 4.43 million yuan. It has now become the largest professional crystal market in the country and an important distribution center for world crystals. Under the influence and drive of Donghai Crystal City, the number of people engaged in crystal mining, processing, trade and related industries in Donghai County has reached more than 200,000. Donghai Crystal City has become the raw material supply center and product sales center of Donghai County's crystal processing industry chain. Information exchange center, new technology, new product research and development and promotion center, talent training center. As the popularity and reputation of Crystal City continue to increase, its influence and radiation are growing. More and more domestic and foreign merchants come to Crystal City for shopping every year. In 2006 alone, it received more than 400,000 merchants. Buying crystals in Donghai Crystal City is becoming the first choice and habit of merchants and tourists.
Donghai Crystal City, where merchants gather
The huge economic and social benefits of Donghai Crystal City have been widely recognized by all walks of life. It has been awarded "Jiangsu Province Civilized Market" and "Jiangsu Province Civilized Market" for many times. "Model Market", "Top Ten Markets in the Supply and Marketing Cooperative System of Jiangsu Province" and "National Civilized Market", "National Advanced Collective of Supply and Marketing System", "China Crystal Craft Gift City" and other honorary titles.
3. There are many talents in crystal craftsmanship. In the East China Sea, the crystal craft industry is "blooming everywhere". In towns and rural areas, there are experts engaged in crystal processing everywhere, and a large team of skilled workers has been formed. At the same time, the development of the crystal industry has also cultivated a large number of management experts and technical backbones. Management experts such as Wu Zhao'e, who was called the "Sister of Crystal" by Fei Xiaotong, and Li Xianxian, general manager of "Crystal Villa", have become famous at home and abroad. It has more talent advantages in art and crafts. Donghai County has 2 masters of arts and crafts in Jiangsu Province, 5 celebrities in arts and crafts in Jiangsu Province, and 11 senior arts and crafts teachers. Suzhou Institute of Arts and Crafts recruits two junior college classes in arts and crafts in Donghai every year. Nanjing University of the Arts, Southeast University and other universities We will also continue to recruit undergraduate courses in arts and crafts in Donghai County.
The development path of China’s jewelry and jade jewelry characteristic industry base
4. Strong scientific and technological strength. Actively implement the strategy of "revitalizing the county through science and education". In the process of promoting the development of crystal and silicon industries, Donghai County adheres to the path of technological innovation, actively encourages and guides enterprises to strengthen all-round cooperation with universities and scientific research institutions, and promotes science and technology and Comprehensive economic integration. At present, 12 universities and research institutes, including Tsinghua University, Nanjing University, Fudan University, Southeast University, Shandong University, Beijing Quartz Glass Institute, and Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, have established industry-university-research consortiums with enterprises in Donghai County. More than 40 well-known domestic experts and scholars in silicon processing, including Wang Dayan and Zhao Pengda, academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, have been hired as special scientific and technological consultants for the development of Donghai crystal and silicon pillar industries, becoming a strong technical support for the development of Donghai crystal and silicon processing industries. In recent years, Donghai County has developed 53 key new products and high-tech products such as "large-diameter transparent quartz glass tube" and "laser quartz tube" around the construction of crystal and silicon pillar industries, many of which have filled domestic gaps; implemented various There are 127 science and technology plans, including 51 projects at or above the provincial level in Jiangsu Province, and 6 companies have been recognized as municipal high-tech enterprises in Lianyungang City.
In addition, in terms of crystal jewelry and handicraft patents, Donghai County has obtained 26 patents, 4 of which are being accepted, and many more are actively organizing applications.
5. Leading enterprises are beginning to take shape. After years of development and market baptism, a number of leading companies in the Donghai crystal industry have stood out. There are more than 50 crystal and silicon processing companies in the county with fixed assets of more than 10 million yuan, including Crystal Villa, Tongbao Company, Jingshuai Company, Hailong Company, Rainbow Company, Jinghua Crystal, Hengli Gem Factory, Fudong Company, and Pacific Company. , Donghai Microsilica Powder Company and other key enterprises have become domestic first-class enterprises and also occupy a place in the world. Many leading companies have become the "engine" of the Donghai crystal handicraft industry. A number of specialized crystal jewelry processing villages have emerged in Quyang, Anfeng, Wenquan, Niushan and other towns, strongly promoting the development of the Donghai crystal industry.
6. Governments at all levels pay attention to it. In order to make a big contribution to the crystal industry and promote the rapid economic development of the East China Sea, provincial, municipal and county governments at all levels attach great importance to the development and utilization of East China Sea crystal and silicon resources. The deep processing industry of silicon resources in Donghai County has been listed as a national-level regional pillar industry, a provincial-level Spark Technology Intensive Area, and a key cultivation demonstration area for spark pillar industries in Jiangsu Province. At the same time, Jiangsu Province and Lianyungang City have formulated policies to encourage and support Donghai Silicon Resources. Development preferential policies. The Donghai County government has firmly seized this opportunity and regarded the development of crystal resources and crystal processing industry as pillar industries to revitalize the county economy and enrich the people and strengthen the county. It has successively formulated the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" for the development of crystal and silicon resources in Donghai County. Planning, crystal and silicon processing industry access system and a series of preferential policies to encourage the development of crystal and silicon resources. With an investment of more than 70 million yuan, the China East China Sea Crystal Crafts and Gifts City has become the largest crystal products trading and distribution center in the country.
The two crystal kings. It comes from Caolin Village, Niushan Town, Donghai County. It was hidden underground for billions of years and was unearthed on January 15, 1995. According to identification, the "Crystal King" weighs 1.99 tons, second only to the existing Crystal King in the China Geological Museum. Its quality and transparency are the highest among crystals and it is a rare treasure
IV. Development Strategies
(1) Based on reality, accelerate the construction of new advantages in economic development
We not only see our own problems and gaps to increase the pressure and motivation to accelerate development, but also see our own advantages to enhance our confidence and determination to accelerate development. Our advantages include: First, unique resources. "East China Sea crystal is the best in the world". As long as we manage the resources in our hands well and develop and utilize them rationally, we will definitely be able to take the lead among our peers at home and abroad and prosper for a long time. The second is strong private capital. After nearly 20 years of operation, a considerable amount of private capital has gathered in Donghai, many of whom have the desire to expand the scale of production and operation. As long as they are guided correctly, private capital can be activated and inject new energy into the crystal industry of our county. vitality. The third is a mature market. Crystal City receives more than 400,000 domestic and foreign tourists every year, and they all come here for the "gold" signboard of "Donghai Crystal", which shows that Donghai County's crystal products have a strong appeal. In addition, Donghai’s crystal handicrafts have spread all over the country. As long as we continue to innovate, vigorously adjust the product structure, and improve product competitiveness, we will be able to gain a firm foothold and develop in the domestic and foreign markets. The fourth is a highly skilled talent team. Donghai County has a tradition of crystal processing. Over the years, it has cultivated a large number of crystal processing technical talents and management talents. Fifth, the industrial base has begun to take shape. In terms of handicraft processing, several major series of products, including natural crystal, synthetic crystal, and imitation crystal, have been formed. The silicon resource processing industry has ranked among the best in the country. The status and popularity of "Donghai Crystal" in domestic and foreign markets are increasing day by day. These are the solid foundation for the development of crystal industry in Donghai County. As long as we make full use of these favorable conditions, we will be able to effectively promote the Donghai crystal industry to a new level.
Crystal work - Thousand-Hand Guanyin
(2) Scientific planning and adhering to the path of sustainable development
Achieving sustainable development is what Donghai County has always pursued Target, although Donghai County is rich in crystal quartz resources, any natural resource is limited.
In recent years, Donghai County has vigorously advocated awareness of limited resources, awareness of resource protection, and awareness of rational utilization of resources, and opposed the rush for quick success and the waste of resources. Whether it is formulating development plans or formulating industry rules, this is fully reflected. By formulating development plans and industry rules for the crystal industry, we will clarify development goals and directions, adjust people's investment and business behaviors, formulate preferential policies, strengthen protection and support, and at the same time ban unfair competition, effectively protect resources, and achieve sustainable development. .
(3) Expand investment promotion and accelerate the expansion of industrial scale
Through the establishment of crystal processing technology parks, scattered processing advantages will be concentrated, and funds will be introduced through multiple channels to increase investment. , realize the diversification of investment entities and the intensification of production and operation, vigorously cultivate leading enterprises and advantageous enterprises, strengthen the research and development of new materials, new products, new processes and new technologies, and guide and promote the crystal processing industry to continuously increase its scale, grade and level. level, fully demonstrating the processing capabilities of Donghai crystal to meet the needs of Donghai crystal entering the international market. The Donghai County Government has increased its support for the Crystal Processing Technology Park and provided corresponding preferential policies in terms of space, taxation, credit, fees and other aspects. Adhere to the dual-track approach of attracting investment and stimulating private capital. While attracting foreign investment, we should also focus on giving full play to the role of local private capital and encourage private capital to invest and start businesses in the park. All enterprises that set up factories in the park, regardless of whether they are "foreign-invested" or "domestic-invested", will be treated equally without distinction between inside and outside. The preferential policies that foreign merchants can enjoy can also be enjoyed by local investors.
(4) Focus on technological innovation and expand new development space for the crystal industry
Natural crystal is the characteristic of Donghai, and Donghai County will work hard to explore its connotation. At the same time, it is necessary to accelerate cooperation and exchanges with the international crystal industry, pay attention to the guiding role of information and technology, actively learn from and absorb the advanced technology and experience of domestic and foreign crystal processing enterprises, introduce advanced equipment, vigorously adjust the product structure, and continuously improve Donghai crystal products. technological content and competitiveness in domestic and foreign markets. Enrich crystal culture, closely integrate crystal with modern technology, art and traditional Chinese culture, give crystal a new soul, and improve the taste and technological connotation of products. While making rational use of natural crystal resources, we will increase the development of synthetic crystal and crystal glass, overcome the limitations of natural crystal handicrafts in industrialization, and lay a solid foundation for the long-term development of the Donghai crystal industry. In this regard, enterprises such as "Hailong", "Huafeng" and "Rainbow" in Donghai County are all successful examples. Although these enterprises started late, they have developed rapidly. Their products are diverse and are mainly sold to major gift companies and foreign markets such as Southeast Asia, Japan, South Korea, Europe and the United States. They are new economic growth points for the crystal industry in our county.
(5) With Crystal City as the core, build a modern service industry cluster
Establishing a modern service industry cluster is an objective requirement for the rapid development of the East China Sea crystal industry and the development of the modern service industry . After years of development, Crystal City's business scale and number of operators have expanded rapidly, which has effectively promoted the rapid development of catering, accommodation, transportation, logistics, leisure and entertainment and other industries. A modern service industry cluster centered on the market has begun to take shape. prototype. While developing the crystal industry, it is necessary to further accelerate the construction of a service enterprise cluster with Crystal City as the core and based on information technology, and build it into a cluster integrating product research and development, shopping, tourism, foreign trade, information services, e-commerce, It is a multi-functional, comprehensive modern service industry gathering area integrating talent training, logistics and warehousing, leisure and entertainment, financial services, and conferences and exhibitions. At present, Donghai Crystal City has built a crystal crafts trading area, a glass products trading area and an e-commerce center, a crystal carving school, a quality inspection center, a property management center and other management and service structures, covering an area of ??30,000 square meters and a construction area of ??50,000 square meters. rice. The next investment focus will be on the lighting trading area, draw tube trading area, other silicon product trading area, warehousing and logistics center, convention and exhibition center, etc.
Fei Xiaotong, former Vice Chairman of the National People’s Congress, inspected the Donghai Crystal Market
Chi Haotian, former Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission and former Minister of National Defense, inspected the Donghai Crystal City
(6) Strengthen leadership, provide good services, and create a good soft environment for the development of the crystal industry
The crystal industry is related to the overall situation. The Donghai County Government and relevant departments will go all out to create excellent conditions for the development of the crystal industry. environment. In the future, the Donghai County Government will better perform its duties and strive to do the following management and service work: research and formulate crystal industry development plans and organize their implementation; coordinate various departments to provide support and services for the development of the crystal industry; formulate industry rules, inspect and supervise the implementation of the rules, and instruct relevant departments to investigate and deal with various violations; regularly hold various activities to study and discuss specific countermeasures and suggestions for reference for government decision-making; regularly announce the performance of owners, commend and reward large tax-profit owners, etc.; The investment promotion and processing technology park construction of the crystal industry will promote the rapid development of the crystal industry. At the same time, attention should be paid to the role of industry associations, and the Donghai Crystal Industry Association should be established as soon as possible to establish rules and regulations, standardize operations, and promote self-regulation, self-service, and self-management within the industry, so that enterprises can promote each other, cooperate closely, and *** develop together.
Panorama of China Crystal Craft Gift City