In today's world, scientific and technological innovation has become the main battlefield of the international strategic game, and the competition around the commanding heights of science and technology is unprecedented fierce.
China Space Station was officially put into operation, and China people "settled down" in space; With China's footprint on Mars, the three goals of "flying around and patrolling" were completed in only one mission; The lunar "native products" brought back in 2020 ushered in a bumper harvest, and the research results of China scientists extended the life of the moon by about 800 million years; In 20021year, China's space rocket was launched more than 50 times ... China's Xinghai space dream is being realized step by step.
Scientists look up at the stars and keep their feet on the ground.
It takes 7000 to 1000 years for a wild rice to become the grain in the hands of farmers. The team of Academician Li Jiayang from the Institute of Seed Innovation of China Academy of Sciences put forward a new strategy of rapid de novo domestication of autotetraploid wild rice for the first time in the world, which may shorten the domestication process to decades or even shorter. Its research results were published in Cell magazine in February, which opened up a new direction of crop breeding and was a major breakthrough in this field.
Using carbon dioxide as raw material, directly synthesizing starch without relying on plant photosynthesis-this subversive achievement was once the dream of scientists all over the world, and now it has become a reality in China. The related achievement was published in the September issue of Science. "We have achieved the artificial synthesis of starch in the laboratory, which is the first time in the world." Ma Yanhe, director of Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, said.
Strong support of the new development model
Establishing a new development model means that China should strengthen scientific and technological innovation and solve the "bottleneck" problem. To this end, in the past year, strategic planning and reform measures in the field of science and technology have continued.
The new round of national medium-and long-term science and technology development plan, the "14th Five-Year Plan" national science and technology innovation plan, the ten-year plan for basic research, the three-year plan for tackling key problems in science and technology system reform, and the "double carbon" action plan for science and technology support ... combined with the recent strategic planning and layout of science and technology innovation, it has pointed out the direction for science and technology development.
Continue to reform and improve the management of scientific research funds, increase the proportion of indirect expenses to 30%, expand the pilot project of contract responsibility system, and loosen, reduce and empower scientific researchers; The "unveiling list" mechanism released 87 lists, including 84 key events of "horse racing"/kloc-0, launching subversive technical projects, actively exploring the chief scientist responsibility system, and setting up young scientist projects in 80% of key projects ... The scientific and technological system reform has made simultaneous breakthroughs, further stimulating the vitality of innovation.
Over the past year, unprecedented changes have taken place in the world. The global COVID-19 epidemic is intertwined, and the task of prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic and economic and social development in China is extremely arduous.
"The Ministry of Science and Technology has organized national elite scientific research forces to continuously carry out emergency research around five major directions, such as vaccines, drugs and testing reagents, providing a' hard-core scientific and technological force' for the prevention and control of normalized epidemics and ensuring the smooth operation of the economy." Wang Zhigang, Minister of Science and Technology, said that at present, 25 kinds of vaccines with 5 technical routes have entered clinical trials, 7 of which have been approved for use; In terms of drugs, China's first drug that effectively neutralizes antibodies has been approved for marketing, and small-molecule drugs such as afudin and propionamide have carried out phase III clinical trials. In terms of detection, 65 kinds of detection reagent products went on the market, and breakthroughs were made in high-sensitivity and Qualcomm-quantity detection products.
Science and technology not only contribute to domestic epidemic prevention and control, but also contribute to international exchanges and cooperation.
65438+On February 3rd, the China-Laos Railway with a total length of1035km was completed and opened to traffic. China-Laos Railway is a road of science and technology, which has overcome all kinds of technical problems in the world through scientific and technological innovation. All the equipment along the railway is independently developed by China. China-Laos Railway is a strategic docking project between China's "Belt and Road Initiative" and Laos' "Changing Landlocked Countries into Landlocked Countries". Its completion and opening to traffic is of great significance, and it is an intuitive embodiment of the new pattern of scientific and technological support development.
Endogenous motivation of high-quality development
On July 20, Qingdao, Shandong Province, a high-speed maglev transportation system with a speed of 600 kilometers per hour was officially opened. This is the fastest ground transportation tool at present, and it is also the frontier scientific and technological achievement in the field of rail transit in the world. "After nearly 20 years of continuous research and technology accumulation, China has basically realized the independent research capability of the whole system of high-speed maglev transportation, formed a set of engineering technology, and realized the independent and controllable industrial supporting capability." He Huawu, vice president of China Academy of Engineering, said.
202 1 commissioning of Baihetan Hydropower Station in Jinsha River. It is the largest hydropower project under construction in the world with the highest technical difficulty, and it has achieved a major breakthrough in China's high-end equipment manufacturing. Baihetan Hydropower Station plans to put all units into operation in July 2022. By then, the power station will generate about 62.4 billion kWh of electricity every year, saving standard coal19.68 million tons and reducing carbon dioxide by 51600,000 tons.
Science and technology support the construction of modern industrial system in China. China's 5G full-scene application and complete machine research and development are in the leading position in the world, and the scale of new energy automobile industry ranks first in the world; Scientific and technological support serves rural revitalization. The demonstration and promotion area of drought-resistant scientific and technological achievements has exceeded 654.38+billion mu, which has driven nearly 654.38+billion farmers across the country to increase their income and become rich. 65.438+10,000 mu of saline-alkali land in the Yellow River Delta has become a "ton grain field", and the contribution rate of improved crop varieties has reached 50%. Science and technology protect people's lives and health, and after launching a major special project to create new drugs, 73 first-class innovative drugs have been approved for listing, and 22 pharmaceutical enterprises with more than 10 billion yuan have been developed.
Science and technology have become the endogenous driving force for the high-quality development of China's economy, and the efficiency indicators of high-tech enterprises are generally better than the national level. According to statistics, from October to August in 65438, the number of high-tech enterprises in China exceeded10/0000, accounting for 25. 1% of the total number of industrial enterprises in China, with total assets accounting for 37.3%, operating income accounting for 33.4% and total profits accounting for 40%.