1． Basic research and cutting-edge technological innovation capabilities have been significantly enhanced. Over the past five years, China's basic research has achieved a number of major original innovations. The total number of international papers ranked fourth in the world, accounting for 7 of the total papers in the three major international paper retrieval systems (SCI, EI, ISTP), entering the second square in the world, equivalent to the United Kingdom, Germany, and Japan; nanoscience papers It ranks first in the world in terms of number of papers and ranks second in the world in terms of number of engineering science papers. A number of breakthroughs have been made in core technologies in the field of cutting-edge technologies, and the gap with the world's advanced level has been continuously narrowed. Research on cutting-edge technologies such as nonlinear optical crystals, quantum information communications, ultra-powerful and ultra-short lasers, and high-temperature superconductivity are among the world's leading research projects. Manned spaceflight, super hybrid rice, high-performance computers, very large-scale integrated circuits, and third-generation mobile phones have emerged. A number of major independent innovation achievements including international communication standards.
2． Industrial technological innovation has achieved breakthroughs in many aspects. In recent years, China's technological innovation capabilities have been greatly improved in the fields of basic industry, processing manufacturing and emerging industries. Major technological innovation achievements in the fields of petroleum, steel, shipbuilding, electronic information, advanced equipment manufacturing and biotechnology have continued to emerge. The overall technology of the industry has Quality has reached a new level. The independent development capabilities, complete set level and comprehensive engineering capabilities of major technical equipment have been significantly improved, which has effectively supported the construction of major national projects such as the Three Gorges Project, West-to-East Power Transmission, West-to-East Gas Transmission, South-to-North Water Diversion, and Qinghai-Tibet Railway.
3. Technology has entered thousands of households and benefited hundreds of millions of people. In recent years, the Chinese government has given priority to solving people's livelihood problems and developing social undertakings. Scientific and technological progress has provided strong support for population health, energy conservation and emission reduction, climate change, disaster prevention and reduction, and public safety. The cultivation and application of hybrid rice and the implementation of grain-high-yield scientific and technological projects have provided important support for solving food security. In the energy field, we have made breakthroughs in a number of key technologies such as oil exploration, complete sets of large-scale coal liquefaction engineering equipment, large-scale hydropower equipment, and advanced nuclear power. We have also conquered a number of key technologies in new energy such as fuel cells, wind energy, and biomass energy to adjust the energy structure and ensure energy security. laid the foundation. Important progress has been made in prevention and control technologies for major diseases and infectious diseases such as AIDS, viral hepatitis, SARS virus, and highly pathogenic avian influenza. A number of new drugs have been successfully created, and traditional Chinese medicine has achieved new development, providing important information for improving people's health. Assure.
4. The level of intellectual property output has increased significantly. Over the past five years, China's domestic invention patent applications and authorizations have continued to grow rapidly, and its intellectual property creation capabilities have been further enhanced. From 2002 to 2006, the number of domestic invention patent applications increased from 39,700 to 122,000, and the number of domestic invention patent authorizations increased from 0.58 million to 25,000. With the establishment and gradual improvement of China's intellectual property system, the number of domestic and foreign invention patent applications accepted by the China Patent Office has increased year by year. In 2006, the total number of invention patent applications in China reached 210,000, ranking 4th in the world. Supplement from the respondent 2009-05-21 14:46 5. The scale of high-tech industries continues to grow rapidly. The average growth rate of the scale of high-tech industries in the past five years has been as high as 27.0, which is 6.5 percentage points higher than the average growth rate during the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" period. The total output value of high-tech industries accounted for 16% of the manufacturing industry from 14.5. In 2006, the total industrial output value of high-tech industrial enterprises above designated size was 4,132.2 billion yuan, 2.7 times that of 2002; the total import and export of high-tech products reached 528.8 billion US dollars, It is 3.5 times that of 2002. The trade structure has been optimized and the competitiveness in the international market is increasing day by day.
6. The National High-tech Industrial Development Zone has become an important base for scientific and technological innovation and an important engine for regional economic development. In 2006, the national high-tech industrial development zone's total revenue and total output value reached 4.3 trillion and 3.6 trillion respectively; it gathered half of the country's high-tech enterprises and technology business incubators, and its research and development investment accounted for one-third of the country's; within the zone The number of invention patents owned by enterprises is 32,600; the industrial added value created by enterprises in the zone reached 852.05 billion yuan, accounting for approximately 9.4% of the national industrial added value.
In the first half of 2007, the National High-tech Industrial Development Zone achieved total operating income of 2,589.18 billion yuan, total industrial output value of 2,187.32 billion yuan, industrial added value of 502.16 billion yuan, and export earnings of 96.7 billion US dollars.
7. The scale and intensity of investment in science and technology continue to increase. In 2006, the total expenditure on science and technology of the whole society was 450 billion yuan, and the total expenditure on research and development of the whole society was 300.31 billion yuan, ranking fifth in the world. The intensity of R&D investment continued to increase, and the total expenditure on research and development of the whole society accounted for 1.42% of the GDP. . In the past five years, the state's financial investment in science and technology has maintained a rapid growth of 17% per year. In 2006, the central government's science and technology allocation reached 100.97 billion yuan, an increase of 25.0% over the previous year.
8． China has become the world's largest country in scientific and technological human resources. In 2005, China's total scientific and technological human resources were approximately 35 million, ranking first in the world; in 2006, China's full-time research and experimental development personnel reached 1.5 million people per year; a dynamic team of young and middle-aged scientific and technological talents is developing It has grown rapidly. Young and middle-aged scientific researchers under the age of 45 account for 80% of the total number of researchers; the total number of students in colleges and universities has reached 23 million, making it the country with the largest scale of training scientific and technological talents in the world.
Additional information from the respondent 2009-05-21 14:46 9. Important progress has been made in the construction of the national innovation system. The reform of the science and technology system continues to deepen, the dominant position of enterprises in technological innovation has gradually increased, and the backbone and leading role of universities and scientific research institutions in technological innovation have been further exerted. In 2006, the total research and development expenditures of Chinese enterprises reached 213.45 billion yuan, accounting for 71.1% of the total research and development expenditures of the whole society. Major technological achievements developed by enterprises continue to emerge; the number of private technology enterprises has grown from more than 7,000 20 years ago to 20,000 in 2006. 150,000 households. There are currently 227,000 research and development personnel in colleges and universities, and they have achieved a number of major innovations such as the dominant gene for human cell aging, the next generation Internet demonstration project, and the silkworm genome. The innovation capabilities of scientific research institutes have been significantly improved, the market-oriented innovation capabilities of application and development research institutes have been strengthened, and the innovation capabilities of public welfare research institutes have been further enhanced. The Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has achieved a number of major innovation results and has become a key factor in the construction of the national innovation system. An important force.
10． The breadth and depth of international scientific and technological cooperation have been further expanded. At present, China has established scientific and technological cooperation relationships with 152 countries and regions, signed 102 intergovernmental scientific and technological cooperation agreements with 96 countries, and signed more than 1,000 interdepartmental scientific and technological cooperation agreements, forming a relatively complete bilateral and intergovernmental cooperation agreement. Multilateral international science and technology cooperation framework. Actively utilizing international scientific and technological resources, China has participated in international scientific and technological cooperation such as the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), Galileo Global Satellite Navigation, International Earth Observation, Earth Space Double Star Exploration, Human Liver Proteome, and International Scientific and Technological Cooperation in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Big project plan. The channels for Chinese scientists and scientific and technical personnel to participate in international scientific and technological cooperation have been further expanded, personnel exchanges and cooperation have become closer and more convenient, and the methods have become more flexible and diverse. To date, China has participated in approximately 350 international science and technology organizations and has 206 scientists internationally.