1. John Von Neumann (1903-1957)
Von Neumann was a Hungarian-American scientist and mathematician, known as the "electronic scientist" "Father of Computers". In 1945, von Neumann first proposed the concept of "stored program" and the binary principle. Later, electronic computer systems designed using this concept and principle were collectively referred to as "Von Norman-type structure" computers.
Von Neumann's main contribution was to propose and implement the concept of "stored programs". Since instructions and data are both binary codes, and the addresses of instructions and operands are closely related, it is natural to choose this structure at the beginning. However, this structure in which instructions and data share the same bus makes the transmission of information flow a bottleneck that limits computer performance and affects the improvement of data processing speed.
2. Alan Mathison Turing (1912.6.23-1954.6.7)
Alan Mathison Turing is a British mathematician A mathematician and logician, he is considered the father of computers. In 1936, Turing submitted a paper to London's authoritative mathematics magazine titled "On the Application of Numerical Computation to Decision-Making Problems." In this groundbreaking paper, Turing gave a strict mathematical definition of "computability" and proposed the idea of ??the famous "Turing Machine".
"Turing machine" is not a specific machine, but a mental model that can create a very simple but extremely powerful computing device that can be used to calculate all imaginable computable problems. function.. "Turing Machine" is as famous as "Von Neumann Machine" and will be forever recorded in the history of computer development.
3. Claude Elwood Shannon (1916-2001) )
Claude Elwood Shannon was born on April 30, 1916 in Petoskey, Michigan, USA. He was a scientist, the famous founder of modern information theory, and the founder of the information theory and digital communication era. . In 1948, Shannon's dozens-page paper "The Mathematical Theory of Communication" became a milestone in the formal birth of information theory.
In his mathematical model of communication, he clearly raised the issue of information measurement. Hartley's formula was expanded to the case where the probability pi is different, and the famous formula for calculating information entropy H is obtained: H=∑-pi log pi. Byte, KB, and MB are widely used in computers and communications today. , GB and other words all evolved from bit
4. Herbert Alexander Simon (1916-2001)
Herbert Alexander Simon. Simon is an American scientist. He is a unique generalist in the scientific community of the 20th century. He has profoundly influenced our generation in many fields. He is knowledgeable and has a wide range of interests. His research work involves economics, politics, management, etc. Sociology, psychology, operations research, computer science, cognitive science, artificial intelligence and other broad fields, and made creative contributions.
In 1976, Simon and Newell published the title "Physical Symbol System". Definition, he proposed the "Physical Symbol System Hypothesis" PSSH (Physical Symbol System Hypothesis), becoming the founder and representative of the most influential school of symbolism in artificial intelligence. This theory encourages people to carry out great research on artificial intelligence. explore.
5. Vannevar Bush (1890.3.11~1974.6.26)
Vannevar Bush is the founder of analog computers, and Shannon, the father of information theory, is His student, he proposed the concept of microphotography and Memex in his paper "As We May Think" published in 1945, ushering in the era of digital computers and search engines.
In this paper, Vannevar proposed many theories that predicted the development of computers in the decades after World War II. Many later pioneers in the computer field were inspired by this article. The creation of computer technologies such as the mouse and hypertext are all based on this paper with theoretical significance of the era.
Baidu Encyclopedia—John von Neumann
Baidu Encyclopedia—Alan Matheson Turing
Baidu Encyclopedia—Claude· Elwood Shannon
Baidu Encyclopedia—Herbert Alexander Simon
Baidu Encyclopedia—Vannevar Bush