Edison was born on February 11th, 1847 in Milan, Ohio, in the midwest of the United States. My father is descended from the Dutch, and my mother was a primary school teacher and descended from the Scots. When Edison was 7 years old, his father lost money in the tile business and moved his family to Grati Otterborg, a northern suburb of Huron, Michigan. Shortly after moving here, Edison suffered from scarlet fever and was ill for a long time. People think that this disease is the cause of his deafness. Edison went to school at the age of eight, but after only three months of study, he was dismissed as an "imbecile" by the teacher and kicked out of school. From then on, his mother was his "tutor". Because of his mother's good educational methods, he took a keen interest in reading. He not only reads widely, but also reads ten lines at a glance. At the age of eight, he read the works of Shakespeare and Dickens, the most important playwrights in the English Renaissance, and many important historical books. By the age of nine, he could quickly read difficult books, such as Parker's Philosophy of Nature and Experiment. At the age of 1, I loved chemistry. At the age of 11, he experimented with his first telegram. In order to make money to buy chemicals and equipment, he began to work. At the age of 12, he got a job selling newspapers on the train and traveled between Port Huron and Detroit, Michigan. While selling newspapers, he also deals in fruits and vegetables. Whenever he is free, he goes to the library to read books. He bought an old printing machine and began to publish his own weekly, The Herald. The first issue of the weekly was printed on the train. He used the money he earned to set up a chemistry laboratory on the luggage cart. Unfortunately, once a chemical caught fire, he and his equipment were all thrown out of the car. On another occasion, when Edison was trying to board a freight train, a conductor grabbed his ears and helped him get on. This action caused Edison to become deaf for life.
in August p>1862, Edison rescued a boy who was about to die on the train track with fearless heroism. The child's father is grateful for this, but because he has no money to reward, he is willing to teach him telegraph technology. Since then, Edison has had a relationship with this mysterious new world of electricity and embarked on a scientific journey.
in p>1863, Edison served as a telecommunication operator at Stratford Hub Station, a major trunk railway. From 1864 to 1867, I worked as a telegraph operator in all parts of the central and western regions and lived a life similar to wandering. Footprints, including Stratford, Adrian, fort wayne, Indianapolis, Cincinnati, Nashville, Tennessee, Memphis, Louisville, Huron and other places.
In p>1868, Edison came to Boston as a telegraph operator. In the same year, he obtained the first invention patent. This is a device that automatically records the number of votes. Edison thought that this device would speed up the work of Congress, and it would be popular. However, a congressman told him that they had no intention of speeding up the agenda, and sometimes voting slowly was out of political need. From then on, Edison decided never to make any inventions that people didn't need.
in early June p>1869, he came to new york to look for a job. While he was waiting to be summoned in a broker's office, a telegraph broke down. Edison was the only person there who could fix the telegraph, so he got a better job than he expected. In October, he set up a "Pop-Edison Company" with Pop, specializing in scientific instruments for electrical engineering. Here, he invented the "Edison universal printing press". He dedicated this printing machine to the manager of a big wall street company. He wanted to charge 5 dollars, but he lacked the courage to say it. So he asked the manager to give a price, and the manager gave 4 thousand dollars.
Edison used the money to build a factory on Ward Street in Newark, New Jersey, which specializes in manufacturing all kinds of electrical machinery. He worked all night. He trained many capable assistants, and at the same time, he happened to meet diligent Mary, his first bride in the future. In Newark, he made inventions such as waxed paper, mimeograph, etc. From 1872 to 1875, Edison invented the double and quadruple telegraphs successively, and also helped others to make the world's first English typewriter.
In the spring of p>1876, Edison moved to Menlo Park in New Jersey again. He built the first "invention factory" here, which "marked the beginning of collective research". In 1877, Edison improved the telephone invented by Bell and put it into practical use. He also invented one of his favorite projects-the phonograph. Telephone and telegraph "is a revolution to expand the function of human senses"; The phonograph is one of the three great inventions that changed people's lives. "From the imagination of the invention, this is his extremely significant invention achievement." By this time, people called him "the magician of Monroe Park".
while inventing the phonograph, Edison finally made a breakthrough in the study of electric light after numerous failures. On October 22, 1879, Edison lit the first electric light with wide practical value. In order to prolong the life of the filament, he tried more than 6 kinds of fiber materials again, and found a new luminous body-Japanese bamboo filament, which can last for more than 1 hours and achieve the purpose of durability. In a way, this invention is the culmination of Edison's life. Then, he created a power supply system, which enabled distant lamps to distribute electricity from the central power station, which was a major technological achievement.
his first discovery in pure science appeared in 1883. When testing the electric lamp, he observed what he called the Edison effect: in the lighted bulb, there was charge from the hot filament to the cold plate through the space. Edison applied for a patent for this discovery in 1884, but did not study it further. Scientists nearby used the Edison effect to develop the electronic industry, especially radio and television.
Edison tried to do for his eyes what the phonograph did for his ears, and the movie camera was born here. Using a piece of celluloid film newly invented by George Hysmans, he took a series of photos and projected them on the curtain quickly and continuously, creating the illusion of movement. He first experimented with movies in the laboratory in 1889 and applied for a patent in 1891. In 193, his company produced the first feature film "Train Robbery". Edison did a lot of work for the establishment and standardization of the film industry.
After Edison moved his laboratory to West Orange in p>1887, he founded many commercial companies to make products and promote his various inventions. These companies later merged into Edison General Electric Company, which was later called General Electric Company. Since then, his interest has turned to fluorescence, ore masher, magnetic separation of iron, storage battery and railway signal device.
during the first world war, he developed torpedo mechanism, flamethrower and underwater periscope.
On October 21st, 1929, on the 5th anniversary of the invention of electric light, people held a grand celebration for Edison, and famous scientists such as Einstein of Germany and Madame Curie of France congratulated him. Unfortunately, at this celebration, when Edison gave a reply, he suddenly fainted because of excessive excitement. Since then, his health has gone from bad to worse. On October 18th, 1931, the scientist who made great contributions to mankind died of illness at the age of 84.
Edison's education level is extremely low, but his contribution to mankind is so great. What is the "secret" here? In addition to his curiosity, he has an instinct to experiment by himself, that is, he has infinite energy and courage to work hard beyond ordinary people. When someone called Edison a "genius", he explained: "Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration." He organized many people from different professions in the "invention factory", including more than 1 scientists, engineers, technicians and workers. Many of Edison's major inventions were successful by this collective strength. His achievements are mainly attributed to his diligence, creativity and collective strength. In addition, his wife also played a very important role. < P > Newton (1642-1727) was an English physicist, mathematician and astronomer. Graduated from Trinity College, Cambridge University. President of the Royal Society. As the foundation of classical mechanics, the founder of Newton's law of motion and the discoverer of the law of universal gravitation. In optics, he devoted himself to the study of the phenomenon of color and the nature of light. In 1666, sunlight was analyzed by prism, and it was found that sunlight was composed of different colors (i.e. different wavelengths), which became the basis of spectral analysis, and Newton color wheel was made. Newton's rings were observed in 1675. Regarding the nature of light, he advocated the theory of light particles. In terms of heat, the cooling law is determined. In astronomy, the reflecting telescope was founded in 1671, which preliminarily investigated the laws of planetary motion, explained the tidal phenomenon, predicted that the earth was not a regular sphere, and thus explained the precession phenomenon. In mathematics, the "flow number method" and Leibniz are called the founders of calculus, and the binomial theorem is established. He acknowledged the objective existence of time and space, and regarded time and space as being separated from moving matter and having no connection with each other, so he put forward the view of so-called absolute time and absolute space, which is metaphysical. He was also influenced by Aristotle, and put forward that all planets start to move from rest under the action of a "first driving force" from home and abroad. In his later years, he devoted himself to writing books on theology. He is the author of Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy and Optics.