This technology has low production cost and is suitable for domestic and foreign seedling trading markets and economic plant seedling propagation projects. Green rapid propagation industry is a permanent and efficient industry, which can promote the pharmaceutical industry, forestry and paper industry, forestry and grass industry, landscaping and other industries, and then promote the rapid development of agricultural industrialization, forestry industrialization, pharmaceutical industrialization and agricultural modernization. It is also conducive to building eco-cities, garden cities, forest parks and nature reserves, improving the ecological environment, changing urban ecosystems, clonal afforestation, natural forest protection projects and urban greening projects, and the development and utilization of high-efficiency economic plants and new economic resources closely related to people's lives, such as food crops, flowers, vegetables, pollution-free vegetables, wild vegetables, endangered wild plants, fruit trees, wild vegetables, medicinal plants and rare plants.
Plant rapid propagation technology is a problem that people at home and abroad pay great attention to. From traditional cutting propagation, grafting propagation, seed seedling, to plant tissue culture, abt rooting powder invented by Wang Tao, various rooting agents, rooting induction by Gengen Ling, and all-light spraying seedling, human beings have been seeking ways for the rapid development of green industry.
Taking plant tissue culture as an example, it is a modern high-tech for rapid breeding of cloned seedlings of excellent varieties, which has the advantages of high propagation coefficient, many generations, long seedling raising time, less material consumption and high propagation efficiency. However, due to the disadvantages of large one-time investment, high cost, complicated technical steps, poor technology transfer, farmers can't directly use test-tube seedlings in production, low survival rate, and difficult to popularize, the productivity formed by this technology in actual industrial seedling raising is still quite limited. Conventional seedling raising, such as cutting, grafting, layering, rameting and seed propagation, has been applied in human history for nearly 2000 years. At present, it is still used at home and abroad, even for writing papers. Its advantages of simple process and easy popularization determine its long service life. However, the shortcomings such as slow propagation, long seedling raising time, large material consumption, great influence by climate, few production generations per year, and inability to industrialize production have not been solved for a long time.
Non-test-tube efficient rapid propagation technology of plants is a micropropagation material unit that uses one leaf and one bud of many plants similar to test-tube stem segments and stem tips. The cuttings of "one leaf, one bud" material are directly inoculated on the sand bed in the field after being treated by cologne, and the auxiliary conditions are simple (it can be modern facility agriculture seedling raising or seedling bag container seedling raising), so that most economic plant in vitro materials can regenerate complete plants after 4- 1 1 day after the second generation, and propagate one generation every 20-60 days, which can be efficiently and rapidly propagated according to geometric progression. The propagation coefficient is above 2- 15, which is higher than that of in vitro rapid propagation. Under the simple condition of completely getting rid of the test tube of plant tissue culture, the efficient and rapid propagation of many plants in test tube conditions is realized. After 13 years of research, experiment, development, production and popularization in various climatic zones and soils in China, the technology of efficient and rapid plant propagation without test tubes has formed a complete technical system and is a very mature technology of efficient and rapid plant propagation. Because thousands of ordinary people who have been specially trained in Qian Qian can directly implement it in the field under simple conditions, the spread and popularization of rapid propagation technology are enhanced; The actual comprehensive rapid propagation efficiency is improved, and the production cost of industrial seedling raising is reduced to the maximum extent (the one-time investment is several tens of times lower than that of tissue culture rapid propagation technology, which perfectly and skillfully overcomes all the shortcomings of plant tissue culture rapid propagation and conventional seedling raising technology, and retains and exerts all their advantages). The benefit ratio of production input can reach more than 1: 5- 1: 10. It saves plant germplasm materials very much, and only uses micro-materials with one leaf and one bud to start propagation. For most plants, continuous production for one year can produce hundreds of thousands or even tens of millions of pure seedlings.
Compared with the rapid propagation of plant tissue culture and traditional seedling raising technology, the rapid propagation technology of plant in vitro has the following advantages:
1. Plant explants with one leaf and one bud are used as propagation unit materials, which are directly inoculated into sand beds or nutrient bags in the fields, and the seedlings are formed once until they are supplied for production, without any movement, and the survival rate is high.
2. This method can continuously and rapidly propagate all the year round, regardless of north and south, different latitudes, different soils and different climates, and most varieties can reach 6- 12 generations from the second generation. This rapid propagation technology can start production at any time 365 days a year, which expands the time and space of technology application.
3. Technical operation has been popularized. Ordinary workers who have passed the training for a period of time can be inoculated with 3000-5000 units of materials every day (8 hours). Long-term promotion practice has proved that: first, the quality of production technicians is not high, the technical training period is short, the adaptability is extremely wide, and it is easy to popularize; Second, the speed of personal operation is faster than that of tissue culture rapid propagation and conventional seedling raising. If the organization and management are proper and other conditions are met, each base can quickly inoculate 20- 1 10,000 units of propagation materials every day, and the technology is easy to popularize in a large area, which is incomparable to the test-tube rapid propagation technology.
4. After a period of planned training, ordinary people can participate in the rapid propagation operation, and the inoculation speed is extremely fast (several times faster than in vitro tissue culture). Since the second generation, most plants have exceeded the speed of conventional seedling raising and rapid propagation in vitro. Greatly saved labor costs and improved labor efficiency).
5. Under the guidance of the technical inventor or the inventor's technical assistant, each skilled worker who has been trained for a period of time can produce and manage 2-65438+ 10,000 seedlings per month, and each backbone plus a certain number of auxiliary workers can produce at least 300,000 seedlings every six months, creating extremely high economic benefits. After four months of intensive training, new employees can carry out large-scale production and seedling raising of a single plant variety under the guidance of technical assistants.
6. Using the non-test-tube efficient rapid propagation technology of plants, after most plants are cultured to the second generation, complete regenerated plants can be obtained in 4- 1 1 day, and the rate of regenerated plants is over 90%, which truly realizes efficient rapid propagation. Some families and genera have special conditions for rooting and reproduction, such as pinus pinnatifida, spruce, yew, camphor tree, cinnamon, Chinese bluegrass, peony and so on. But it is still faster than in vitro rapid propagation and frequent seedling raising, and the comprehensive rapid propagation efficiency is higher.
7. Most plants reproduce every 30-60 days after the second generation, and the multiplication coefficient of each generation is 2- 15 times (efficient multiplication according to geometric progression on the basis of the original plant number base). This is more prominent than the advantages of tissue culture and rapid propagation. In later generations, the more germplasm materials are propagated, the faster the propagation speed will be.
8. The process steps are few and the time is short, which greatly saves the comprehensive production cost and improves the production efficiency of personnel. From the micro-materials, plants growing under natural conditions can be directly cultivated, and most plants can be cultivated and produced in 15-60 days without any transplanting, and all plants show early flowering and fruiting and good yield. (For example, tomatoes begin to take root in 4 days and blossom and bear fruit in 20 days. Lycium barbarum bloomed and bore fruit in the nursery that year. Small potatoes can be distinguished from virus-free potato materials from 40 days after inoculation, and large virus-free potatoes can be harvested directly in the field when cultivated in the same year. The field yield of virus-free potato seedlings can reach 3-4 tons that year, which not only saves farmers 300 kilograms of seed potatoes per mu, but also allows farmers to plant original potatoes every year. The cut rose blooms 70 days after inoculation with a leaf, without transplanting. The flowers are large and bright, and the flowering period is longer than that cultivated by other methods. Conifer species, such as yew, sequoia, spruce, Japanese larch, etc. It usually takes 4 months to plant on the mountain. It usually takes 20-40 days for the first generation to take root, and the rooting time after the second generation is shortened by about one third. However, the plant tissues of many coniferous species are difficult to cultivate and it is basically impossible to produce on a large scale. Conventional cutting has the disadvantages of slow rooting and low survival rate. Therefore, the seedlings of these varieties have been propagated with seeds, and the characters of their offspring are very different.
9. The mature seedlings cultivated by this method have high purity, no pests and diseases, developed and complete roots, the root length is more than 25 cm, the number of roots is 3-6, the mature buds are full, the stem height is 20-60 cm, and the survival rate of field planting production is over 90%. Conifer species are 5 cm-15 cm, and the survival rate is generally as high as 95%.
10. In the growing season, the green seedlings directly inoculated with nutrition bags have high purity, no pests and diseases, more than 3-5 leaves, full axillary buds, strong branching ability, developed roots, high quality seedlings, and the survival rate of field planting production is over 95%.
For many plants, the first generation is normal. Large-scale rapid propagation production can be carried out immediately. And some plants that are difficult to reproduce can only meet the technical requirements from the second generation. The main goal of the first generation of these seedlings is to obtain as many original basic seedlings as possible and lay a good foundation for normal production after the second generation.
Non-test-tube efficient rapid propagation technology of plants can be used for most plants that have been propagated by tissue culture, rapid propagation of shoot tips and conventional cutting seedling raising technology, or the above two technologies are not suitable for propagation; Can be used for fixing heterosis in plant breeding; It can be used in special transgenic plant breeding project, new plant space breeding, rapid propagation and protection of various new germplasm materials or endangered economic plants, forest seedling, seed engineering and seed industrialization; Can be used for the selection, purification and large-scale production and utilization of natural mutant plants, excellent single plants and polyploid dominant plant clones; Can be used for separation and propagation of virus-free seedlings; It can be used for the introduction and diffusion of new varieties at home and abroad, cross breeding and so on. In these respects, this technology has the technical optimality and the relative infinity of the market.
The production technology of Cologne seedlings is equivalent to plant cloning, which can maintain the same genotype and phenotype as the original plants, ensure the purity of seedlings, and enable plants to achieve the production goal of large-scale cloning at the level of tissues and organs. Cologne Company is like a plant cloning factory. At present, more than 65 million cloned plants have been popularized and produced, with the application of 1.45 million mu. In recent 15 years, many varieties have established seedling bases and been widely produced and popularized. Through this technology, more than 30 joint venture or rapid propagation bases and several cultivation demonstration bases such as Sichuan Kesen Clone have been established all over the country, which has effectively promoted the industrialization development of agriculture, forestry and horticulture and the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure, created an online seedling market, realized e-commerce of seedlings, and solved the unemployment and re-employment problems of laid-off workers in many areas, showing great significance in economic construction. Therefore, 1000 experts, scholars, professors, scientists and entrepreneurs have demonstrated, investigated and popularized it, and confirmed that it is a major scientific and technological innovation at home and abroad, a technology with great popularization value, and is known as a great pioneering work of copying green. Li Changxiao, a technical inventor, is also known as "the master of copying plants".
The development direction of Cologne is based on China and going to the world. In this era of knowledge economy, we will spread our technology to some countries and regions with advanced agricultural biotechnology, such as the United States, Canada, Europe, the Netherlands, Japan, Israel and Taiwan Province Province, and truly realize the industrialization of agricultural high technology.
The industrialization of plant in vitro efficient and rapid propagation technology will certainly play a great role in the future ecological construction and economic construction, and make great contributions to the green industry of mankind! Strive for "greening my earth"!