1890 was born in Gravenhurst, Ontario, Canada. 1935 joined the Canadian * * * Production Party. 1939 came to China to participate in the Anti-Japanese Revolution. 1938 died in the early morning of June.
During his one and a half years working in China, he devoted himself to the anti-Japanese revolution in China. Mao Zedong called him a noble man, a pure man, a moral man, a man who broke away from vulgar tastes and benefited the people.
in China
1938 65438+1On October 8th, the Canadian-American medical team returned home with a batch of medicines and surgical instruments from Vancouver. Bethune wrote a farewell letter to his ex-wife Francis before boarding the ship. 193865438+1Arrived in Hong Kong on October 20th, and Liao Chengzhi, the head of the Eighth Route Army's Hong Kong office, received a notice from the China Bureau of the American Production Party to arrange the Canadian-American medical team to fly to Wuhan.
While waiting for going north in Wuhan, Bethune and Ivan went to Hanyang Presbyterian Hospital (now the Fifth Hospital of Wuhan) to assist in their work. Dr Parsons decided to stay in the Kuomintang-controlled area of Wuhan. Bethune explicitly refused to work in the area under the jurisdiction of the National Government led by Jiang Zhongzheng, and turned to help the Chinese Production Party.
Under the arrangement of Zhou Enlai, deputy director of the Political Department of Wuhan Military Commission,1February 22, 938, Bethune, Ivan and Dr. Chad Brown, a Christian missionary, left Wuhan, crossed the Yellow River and arrived at the headquarters of the Eighth Route Army near fenglingdu and Linfen in Yuncheng, Shanxi.
At this time, the Japanese army attacked south along Tongpu Railway, and Bethune and his party arrived in An on March 20th via Tongguan. Under the arrangement of Lin, the head of the Eighth Route Army Office in An, they finally arrived in Yan 'an on March 30th 1938. When meeting with Mao Zedong on April 1, Bethune said that it was enough to form a battlefield medical team with the medical equipment he brought from North America and go to the front to rescue the seriously wounded.
Mao Zedong told Bethune that the recovery rate of the wounded would reach 75% by immediate operation, and expressed his firm support for his work. On May 2nd, 1938, Bethune led a group of medical staff to leave Yan 'an and go to the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border region to become a war doctor. Jane Ivan stayed in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, then worked in the headquarters of the New Fourth Army in southern Anhui for half a year at the beginning of 1939, and published her memoirs in Canada at 198 1, recalling in detail the whole process of going to China with Bethune.
Mao Zedong called Nie Rongzhen, commander and political commissar of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region: "I agree to appoint Bethune as the health consultant of the military region, and I fully trust his opinions and abilities." . Bethune made surgical instruments with carpenters and blacksmiths in Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei. He also helped to set up institutions for training doctors, nurses and hospital nurses, and wrote to Nie many times asking for the establishment of military health schools to train a large number of medical personnel. He also designed packaging boxes for operating tables and medicine boxes on horseback.
He once set a record of operating on 1 15 wounded people within 69 hours in the battle of Qi Hui in central Hebei. He corresponded with Mao Zedong while he was in China. During his nine months and seven days in China, Bethune wrote many letters and articles and sent them to institutions and friends in the United States and Canada to publicize China's anti-Japanese war situation and appeal to the international community to provide funds, materials and personnel assistance for China's anti-Japanese war.
Bethune was scheduled to leave for North America briefly on120, to raise money for the establishment of the Eighth Route Army Rear Hospital and the Health School in the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region. At this time, the Japanese army launched a winter sweep of Shanxi, Chahar and Hebei. Bethune chose to stay and take part in the anti-mopping-up operation.
1939 10.29 In the Battle of Motianling in Laiyuan County, an operation was performed on a wounded person with a serious leg injury. When the Japanese army approached the operating room, Bethune put his left hand into the wound and took out the broken bone. A broken bone stabbed Bethune's middle finger.
Three days later, on June 1 65438+1October1day, Bethune operated on a wounded man with erysipelas in the neck complicated with cellulitis, and his fingers were infected with an open wound. 165438+1October 12 died of sepsis at the home of Di Xingjun, a farmer in Huangshikou Village, Tang County, Hebei Province.
Extended data:
Achievement contribution
1924, Bethune was suffering from tuberculosis, but he still tried to invent the "artificial pneumothorax therapy" and achieved great success in his own experiment. His original thoracic surgery technique is well-known in the medical field.
193 1 in the summer of, Bethune signed a franchise patent agreement with Pilling & Sons Company in Philadelphia, USA, which was responsible for all the manufacturing and sales of surgical instruments invented by Bethune and named after "Bethune Instruments"-there were 22 kinds of instruments, which were in an extremely leading position at that time.
From 1936 to 1937, Bethune went to Spain to participate in the Spanish civil war as a volunteer to support the international anti-fascism. During this period, he created a mobile first aid system for the wounded, which became the prototype of the mobile military surgical hospital widely used in the future. He invented the world's first method of transporting blood in order to save the wounded who lost too much blood, which is of great significance in medicine.
1937, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out in China. Bethune led a medical team composed of Canadians and Americans to China Liberated Area. 1April, 938, went to the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border region via Yan 'an, and worked for nearly two years. His spirit of sacrifice, enthusiasm and sense of responsibility were exemplary until he died in the line of duty. His deeds were widely praised by the people of China.
References:
Baidu encyclopedia-Bethune