The first convenience of potassium metabolism is that the gastrointestinal tract attracts potassium, mainly through dietary intake, followed by potassium excretion. 95% of potassium is excreted by kidneys, and the other 5% is excreted by sweat glands in gastrointestinal tract and skin. Chronic renal insufficiency, kidney potassium excretion function is affected, and the role of regulating potassium is weakened. Excessive intake and decreased excretion will lead to hyperkalemia.
To prevent hyperkalemia, we must first control the intake of potassium, which is mainly distributed in cells, as is potassium in food, especially vegetables, fruits, nuts, roots and fruits. Therefore, eating vegetables and fruits must be soaked in water, and the potassium in vegetables and fruits will move from the inside to the outside of the cell, and the potassium in vegetables and fruits will be reduced. Secondly, don't use potassium-preserving diuretics, use ACEI and ARB antihypertensive drugs such as benazepril and irbesartan, and be sure to check your blood potassium regularly. Third, keep the stool unobstructed. Fourth, check renal function regularly, and monitor serum potassium with electrolyte. At present, the main treatment methods are loop diuretics, sodium bicarbonate and potassium-lowering resin. The latest medicine is sodium zirconium silicate powder. Blood potassium is hyperkalemic, each time 10g, three times a day, 5g every time after 48 hours, 5g every day after blood potassium is stable. In particular, patients with chronic kidney disease who take traditional Chinese medicine should pay more attention to hyperkalemia.