The Wright brothers refer to Orville (1871August19-19481October 30) and Welber (1867 April/kloc-). It is generally believed that they completed their first flight in February of 1903 and 17, with complete control, external power on board, heavier than air, and a long stay in the air, and therefore attributed the achievement of inventing the world's first practical aircraft to them.
bel
Alexander Graham Bell (1March 3, 847-1August 2, 922) was an American inventor and entrepreneur. Alexander Graham Bell
He obtained the patent right of the world's first available telephone and founded the Bell Telephone Company (AT & amp； The predecessor of t company). There is still controversy about the inventor of the telephone. On June 5th, 2002, the American Congress decided that antonio meucci, an Italian, was the inventor of the telephone, while the Canadian Parliament passed a resolution on June 20th, 20 12, reaffirming that Bell was the inventor of the telephone. Others believe that Elisha Gray was the inventor of the telephone.
Zhang heng
Zhang Heng, Zhang Di was born in a ruined bureaucratic family in Shiqiao, Xi 'e County, Nanyang County (now Wuli Shiqiao, north of Nanyang City, Henan Province) three years after the founding of the People's Republic of China (AD 78). Grandfather Zhang Kan is a local official, who was once the prefect of Shu County and the prefect of Yuyang. When Zhang Heng was young, his family had declined, and sometimes he had to rely on relatives and friends for help. Zhangheng statue
It was this poor life that enabled him to get in touch with the working people in the lower class and some production and life realities, which brought positive influence to his later scientific creation. In mathematics, geography, painting and literature, Zhang Heng showed extraordinary talent and extensive knowledge. Zhang Heng is one of the representatives of Huntian theory in the middle of Eastern Han Dynasty. He pointed out that the moon itself does not shine, and moonlight is actually a reflection of the sun's light; He also correctly explained the cause of the solar eclipse and realized the infinity of the universe and the relationship between the speed of planetary motion and the distance from the earth. Zhang Heng observed and recorded 2,500 stars, created the world's first leaky ball that can accurately perform astronomical phenomena, the first instrument to test earthquakes-the waiting wind seismograph, and also made a South Locomotive, an automatic drum car, a wooden bird flying to Wan Li and so on. Zhang Heng * * * is the author of 32 scientific, philosophical and literary works, among which astronomical works include Ling Xian and Ling Xian Tu. In order to commemorate Zhang Heng's achievements, people named a crater on the back of the moon as "Zhang Heng Crater" and the asteroid 1802 as "Zhang Hengxing". Guo Moruo, a famous writer and historian in China in the 20th century, commented on Zhang Heng: "Such an all-round development figure is rare in world history and admirable for thousands of years." Later generations called Zhang Heng "Kesheng".
Cai LUN
Cai Lun, the innovator of papermaking in China's "Four Great Inventions", is one of "100 people" and "the greatest inventor in human history" [1]. Cai Lun's invention and innovation are not limited to papermaking. He "supervised the secret sword and all the utensils, all of which were exquisite and dense, and were the law of later generations" and "had a portrait of Cai Lun".
Cai Taifu's crossbow and Longting's nine-year sword are world-famous. Cai Lun was recorded as a "Guiyang native" in "The History of the East Han Dynasty" and "The History of the Later Han Dynasty", but there has been controversy about his native place. At present, there are two main opinions: one is that he is from Guiyang County, Hunan Province [2], and the other is that he is from Leiyang County, Hunan Province [3]. However, it is even more true that Cai Lun is from Leiyang. Cai Lun was recorded as "a native of Guiyang County" rather than "a native of Guiyang County" in the History of the East View and the Book of the Later Han Dynasty. As Leiyang County (now leiyang city) was under the jurisdiction of Guiyang County in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun was recorded as "a native of Guiyang County". In today's Leiyang city, there are many objects and footprints of Cai Lun, such as "Cai Zichi" and "Notes on Water Classics", which read: "(leishui) crosses Cai Zhou in the northwest, and Cai Lun's hometown is next to Cai Zichi in the west"; Caihou Temple, etc. There is also an academic celebrity, Mr. Chen Shouqun, who adapted The Legend of Cai Lun according to the description of Cai Lun's life experience in some historical books. Among them, Cai Lun and his native place-Leiyang had a strange experience, so Cai Lun came from Leiyang more truly. In the last years of Yongping (75), he entered the palace as a eunuch. He has successively served as Xiaohuangmen, Zhong Servant, Shang Fangling and Changle Servant. In the first year of Yuan Dynasty (1 14), Andi named it Longtinghou (the fief was in Puzhen, Long Ting, Yang County, Shaanxi Province), with 300 food cities. Cai Lun is honest and prudent, and cares about national interests. He once "severely punished several offenders" and changed the situation. Diligent and studious, concentrate on things. In the 4th year of Yongyuan (1992), Cai Lun took advantage of being an official and often visited rural workshops. When he saw the silkworm woman reeling, there was still a layer of short hair on the bamboo pole, which could be used to write, thus being inspired. He collects raw materials such as bark, waste hemp, rags and old fishing nets. In the first year of Yuan Xing (105), he wrote the paper-making process and method as a memorial, and reported it to Han and Emperor together with plant fiber paper, which was greatly praised by him, and Cai Lun's paper-making technology soon spread. People call this kind of paper "Cai Hou Paper", and all over the country "do whatever it takes". This improvement of Cai Lun became one of the four great inventions of ancient china and made great contributions to human civilization. Mack hart, an American, ranked Cai Lun sixth in the list of 100 celebrities who influenced the course of human history, far ahead of the well-known Columbus, Einstein and Darwin. In 2007, Time magazine of the United States selected and published the "Best Inventor of All Time", and Cai Lun made the list again. The opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games showed the papermaking invented by Cai Lun.
Please refer to Baidu Encyclopedia for details.