The first type: pure electric new energy vehicles.
In fact, it is generally considered as the purest new energy vehicle in the world and the most mainstream pure electric vehicle. At present, representative Tesla, Weilai and Xpeng Motors on the market all produce pure electric new energy vehicles. Although BYD is also a well-known new energy vehicle enterprise, it does not only produce pure electric new energy vehicles. In fact, the pure electric new energy vehicle we are talking about at present is not a new energy vehicle. Pure electric vehicle qualification is older!
But later, history chose the fuel car. Because relatively speaking, pure electric vehicles have extremely obvious disadvantages compared with fuel vehicles.
1. Energy density. Even the most advanced power battery at present, the energy density is only about 180Wh/KG. The energy density of gasoline is 12778Wh/KG. This is not to say how powerful gasoline is, but the energy density of the battery is very touching.
2. Energy replenishment efficiency. At present, it takes 30-45 minutes for most pure electric new energy vehicles to charge from 30% to 80%, and it may take 90- 120 minutes from about 5% to full. Needless to say, it only takes three to five minutes to park the car, go to the toilet and check out. The efficiency of this energy supplement is completely different.
So 100 years ago, people did not consider environmental protection, of course, it was convenient. Therefore, the fuel car dominated an entire era. But now, because of another choice of the times, new energy vehicles are the general trend. Let's take a look at the advantages and disadvantages of pure electric new energy vehicles as the most mainstream new energy vehicles!
Disadvantages, specifically the following:
1, the cost is higher!
Because the energy density of the battery is too low, it is decided that the battery should be very large enough to drive a huge car. The cost of batteries is very high! Generally, it is more than tens of thousands of dollars.
2. Pure electric new energy vehicles will become more and more expensive!
Because all kinds of rare metals such as lithium, cobalt, manganese and nickel used in batteries are increasing in price almost every month, these costs will eventually be passed on to the owners.
3, there is mileage anxiety!
The problem of mileage anxiety is also caused by the well-known short cruising range! Even the current advanced pure electric vehicle has a battery life of 600, but considering the need to reserve safe power, 80%-90% of the standard power is used for fast charging, and the battery life is shortened at high speed, when the air conditioner is turned on, and in winter. , a fast charge time can achieve effective battery life (fast charge is generally 80%, the latter 20% will be slow and the power consumption will be higher).
4, the preservation rate is low!
It is well known that the maintenance rate of pure electric new energy vehicles is very low. A pure electric new energy vehicle with a landing of 1.5 million yuan, the price of used cars can't exceed 20,000 after five years!
This is mainly the battery warranty of new energy vehicles, generally only for the first owner. What's more, after five years of operation, the battery has decayed by about 16%.
Moreover, the new energy vehicles five years ago, both in terms of battery life and body configuration, will be much behind the new ones.
The second type: plug-in oil-electricity hybrid.
Related models include Geely Borui GE, BYD Qin Pro, BYD Song MAX plug-in hybrid version, Great Wall WEY Macchiato DHT-PHEV, Changan UNI-K plug-in hybrid version and so on. Its principle is that it is driven by a motor at medium and low speed, and oil and electricity are mixed at medium and high speed. So as to achieve the purpose of saving fuel and strengthening power. The advantage of plug-in hybrid is of course more energy-saving, and the comprehensive consumption of oil and electricity is much lower than that of fuel vehicles. And quite a few models can get green cards. Strong power and good acceleration performance.
Plug-in hybrid charging time is also very long. Most plug-in hybrid models only have the function of slow charging, and it takes five or six hours to run for dozens or hundreds of kilometers at a time. In order to maintain the fuel economy and powerful function of plug-in hybrid, it must be recharged. Therefore, it takes so long to charge and refuel, which greatly reduces the convenience of using the car.
The third type: DMI super hybrid vehicle (also called plug-in hybrid vehicle).
DMI super hybrid technology is currently only available in BYD. BYD was carried in Qin, Han, Tang and Song dynasties. BYD DMI hybrid technology for new energy vehicles can also get a green card.
Compared with the previous ordinary plug-in hybrid, the biggest advantage of DMI super hybrid is that it saves fuel without electricity! Most car owners can still achieve fuel consumption of 3.8-5L per 100 kilometers without charging for a long time. And the price is not more expensive than the plug-in hybrid car of the same brand before.
The fourth type: extended-range plug-in hybrid vehicle
The representative of this kind of car is Li. The working principle is that the engine drives the high-power generator to supply power to the driving motor, and the motor drives the vehicle to run ... and so on. The biggest difference is that BYD's engine will participate in driving or even directly drive at high speed. The ideal engine does not participate in driving under any working conditions! So overall, Li's fuel-saving performance is not very good, especially at high speed. This is its obvious shortcoming!
The fifth type: dual-engine hybrid technology (HEV technology) car.
Representative models: Corolla twin engine and Ralink twin engine. This is a non-rechargeable hybrid car! Although cars have motors as auxiliary power, the most fundamental source of all power is fuel. Therefore, it should not be considered as a new energy vehicle. However, not long ago, Corolla Shuangqing and Ralink Shuangqing supported green cards. It's just, not now. Efficient hybrid technology ensures excellent power performance, while taking into account low fuel consumption and low emissions.
Sixth: hydrogen fuel cell vehicles
Representative model: Japanese Mirai. Hydrogen or hydrogen-containing substances react with oxygen in the air in the fuel cell to generate electricity to drive the motor, which drives the vehicle. As a truly zero-pollution and zero-emission energy utilization mode, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have high hopes.
Because the energy conversion efficiency of hydrogen fuel cells is three times that of fuel vehicles! Moreover, the hydrogenation time is very fast, only a few minutes, which is the level of fuel vehicles. And the battery life can reach 750 kilometers!