Before the Republic of China, there were only folk Chinese medicine herbs in Mianxian County. At the beginning of the Republic of China, there were 3 or 4 drug stores and more than 1 people practicing medicine, mostly concentrated in county towns and large market towns. In 14 years (1925), western medicine was introduced into Mian County. In 29 years (194), the county health center was established. In addition to the Chinese and herbal medicines produced by Mianxian, most medicines are purchased from Hanzhong or imported by traders. There are few varieties and expensive prices, and there is a saying that "gold is priceless".
after liberation, medical and health undertakings have been developed. Medical equipment, health funds and medical personnel are increasing. In 1987, there were 1 medical and health institutions in counties, districts, townships (towns) and units stationed in Mian, with 1,54 health technicians and 967 beds. There are 377 village medical stations (points), 494 medical and health personnel and 86 individual doctors. Mianxian county has an average of 1.56 health technicians and 2.24 beds per thousand people.
In p>212, Mianxian had 32 health institutions (excluding village clinics) with 146 beds. There are 2114 health technicians, including 12 licensed assistant doctors, 547 registered nurses, 116 pharmacists and 85 technicians. The participation rate of the new rural cooperative medical system was 98.95%. In 1958, the broad masses of cadres and people were organized to plant scientific experimental fields, and more than 5 professional knowledge training courses were held in counties and communes, so as to cultivate the backbone of scientific research in biogas, nitrogen-fixing bacteria fertilizer, epidemic prevention, new farm tools, ball bearings, meteorology, air battery lights, radios, artificial cotton and sowing, and promote the development of popular science work.
on July 2, 1981, Mianxian branch of the three-year Central Broadcasting and Agriculture School was established, offering cultural, basic and professional courses. In 1981, there were 96 students, in 1985, there were 72 students, and in 1983, 33 rural farmers' amateur technical center schools were established, training 1,955 people. Zhangjiahe District Association for Science and Technology held a training course on artificial cultivation of Polyporus umbellatus, and trained 5 experts in planting medicines. In 1984, eight townships (towns) in Baolian District established farmers' amateur technical schools with 315 students. 67 science and technology service groups have been established in 75 villages; 5 amplification stations and 23 radio lectures. The township (town) Association for Science and Technology organized 179 professional trainings with 16,8 participants; At the same time, 14,7 scientific and technological materials were printed and distributed.
from 1986 to 1987, combined with the implementation of "Spark Plan", technical services focusing on short-term rural practical technical training, technical development and poverty alleviation through science and technology were carried out, and * * * held more than 16 short-term practical technical training sessions with 23,5 participants (times); 34,3 copies of Science and Technology Reference and Practical Technical Materials were sent to rural areas; Held 24 special radio programs on scientific and technological information; Open 96 technology markets; Organize more than 2 people to participate in the technical development exchange meeting in Qinba Mountain area of four provinces and one city, and the bidding information conference on the scientific research achievements of the Provincial Higher Education Bureau in Hanzhong area; Established long-term economic cooperative relations with Northwest Institute of Light Industry, Shaanxi Institute of Technology and Hanzhong Agricultural School in Shaanxi Province, and introduced 35 applicable technologies.
in p>212, Mianxian * * * made two scientific and technological achievements, reaching one domestic leader and one domestic advanced level. In 211, there were 45 patent applications, an increase of 18.4% over 211, and 28 patents were granted, including 2 invention patents. Mianxian has established educational institutions since the Song Dynasty. Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties carried out the imperial examination system. Set up Confucianism or academy for students (scholars) to study. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, there were 36 scholars, 36 juren and 21 students. In the late Qing Dynasty, imperial examinations were abolished and schools were established. In the thirty-first year of Guangxu (195), the "Guimao academic system" was implemented, and higher primary schools were established. At the beginning of the Republic of China, the school was changed into a school. Junior high school was established in August of 18th year (1929). 27 years (1938), according to the primary school. In 29 years (194), there were 186 primary schools with 7625 students; There are 2 junior middle schools with more than 13 students.
after liberation, in the early 195s, primary and secondary schools were gradually on the right track. At the same time, carry out illiteracy eradication. From 1958 to 1965, the policy of "education serves proletarian politics, combining education with productive labor" was implemented, and "walking on two legs" was implemented, combining public and private, and the number of schools and students increased. In 1965, there were 525 schools of all levels and types, with 5,6 students and 2,265 faculty members.
during the "cultural revolution", education was seriously damaged and the quality of education declined. After the downfall of the Gang of Four, especially after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the school layout was adjusted, the teaching staff was reorganized, and various rules and regulations were established and improved, and the school teaching order was normal. In 1987, there were 469 schools of all levels and types in Mianxian County, with 6,578 students and 3,671 teaching staff, which were 3.8 times, 8.6 times and 11.5 times higher than those in 1949 respectively. From 1979 to 1985, 595 people were admitted to universities, 1.6 times as many as those admitted to universities from 1959 to 1965. From 1986 to 1987, the university enrolled 326 students, ranking second in Hanzhong area for two consecutive years.
In p>212, Mianxian had a secondary vocational education school. * * * There are 19 ordinary middle schools, with 3,63 high school students, 1,477 students and 2,857 graduates, 4,415 junior middle school students, 14,133 students and 5,23 graduates; There are 9 ordinary primary schools with 2,921 students, 2,68 students and 4,415 graduates. The enrollment rate of primary school-age children is 1%.