Silicon fertilizer is a medium element fertilizer. 1787, lavoisier first discovered the existence of silicon in rocks. Cai Delong was systematically introduced into China and widely used in industrial production and agriculture. According to the current classification method of fertilizers in China (macro-element, medium-element and trace-element fertilizers), both chemical fertilizers and calcium fertilizers belong to medium-element fertilizers. Since 1996, Henan Academy of Sciences has established the "Henan Silicon Fertilizer Engineering Technology Research Center", which is responsible for the formulation, promulgation and implementation of the national standard for silicon fertilizer.
The action mechanism of 1. silicon fertilizer is an important part of plants. Silicon is an important nutrient element in plants. Most plants contain silicon. The results showed that when the rice yield was 1000 kg, the absorption of silicon dioxide by rice shoot reached 150 kg, which exceeded the total absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by rice. Silica accounts for 14.2%-6 1.4% of the ash of six crops (rice, wheat, barley, soybean, lentils and fennel). Applying silicon fertilizer is beneficial to improve the photosynthesis of crops. After applying silicon fertilizer, crops can silicify epidermal cells, straighten stems and leaves, reduce shading and promote photosynthesis of leaves. For example, after silicon application in rice, canopy photosynthesis increased by more than 10%.
2. Silicon fertilizer can enhance the resistance of crops to pests and diseases and reduce the harm of pests and diseases. After crops absorb silicon, silicified cells are formed in the body, which makes the cell wall on the surface of stems and leaves thicken and the cuticle increase, thus improving the ability of insect prevention and disease resistance. Silicon fertilizer can improve the lodging resistance of crops. Because the crop stems are straight, the lodging resistance can be improved by about 80%. Silicon fertilizer can enhance the ventilation of crops. The increase of silicon content in crops enhances the rigidity of crop pipes and promotes the ventilation of crops, which is of great significance to aquatic warm crops such as rice and reed.
3. It can not only promote the growth of crop roots, but also prevent root rot and premature aging, especially rice root rot. Improve crop stress resistance. After applying silicon fertilizer, silicified cells can effectively regulate the opening and closing of leaf stomata and tap water transpiration, and improve the drought resistance, dry hot wind resistance and low temperature resistance of crops.