Machine. Grasping the management of fruit trees in these four periods can solve the problem of citrus production in different years.
The first period is
The flower bud differentiation period is from 10 to 1 1. In case of New Year's Day, spray 400-fold paclobutrazol or 300-fold patented PBO+0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate+ring cutting trunk from June 65438+ 10 to June 65438+/0/0 on New Year's Day; In case of off-year, 92o should be sprayed after the off-year fruits are picked and before 65438+February 10. The dosage of 92o should be sprayed with different concentrations according to the severity of off-year phenomenon. In case of off-year phenomenon, add 1.5 ~ 2g 92o for every 15 kg of water, and 15 kg of water for less serious cases. 92 o plays a role in reducing flower buds.
The second period is pruning in early spring after fruit picking and before germination. In winter, the temperature is low, the air humidity is low, and the sap stops running relatively. Pruning in winter will dry up some branches, so pruning in winter is not suitable. The best time for pruning before germination is from beginning of spring to early spring. The principle of pruning is "big pruning in one year, small pruning in childhood". ① Pruning of New Year's Tree: Pruning of New Year's Tree refers to pruning in early spring after picking fruits in off-year and before budding in fruiting year. The pruning goal of annual trees is to reduce the yield of annual trees, increase the proportion of vegetative branches and improve the small annual output in the coming year by moderately reducing the amount of flowers. Trees in the New Year must be pruned again, and the fruiting branches should be shortened to reduce the fruiting, so as to promote more nutritious branches in the spring shoots. The number of truncated fruiting mother branches depends on the severity of annual phenomenon and the climate of flower bud differentiation. If the phenomenon of big and small years is serious, cut it short, otherwise it will be reduced. In the flower bud differentiation period (10 ~ 1 1 month), pruning should be appropriately increased in years with more sunshine and less rainfall, otherwise pruning should be reduced. When cutting the mother branch, the branch tips should be evenly selected in all parts of the crown for short cutting, so that they are evenly distributed around the crown. Sparse leafless branches, cross branches, weak branches, over-dense branches, pest branches and branchlets, but the bearing mother branches should be kept in all parts. (2) Off-year pruning: Off-year pruning refers to early spring pruning after the fruit is picked in the new year and before the fruiting year appears. Small trees must be cut lightly. The pruning goal of young trees is to keep flowers as much as possible, let them blossom and bear fruit, and reduce the number of vegetative branches appropriately. Do not move the fruiting branches, and focus on thinning or cutting down the drooping branches and inner cavity branches to make the branches distribute reasonably.
The third stage is pre-flowering pruning 5-20 days before flowering. In the new year, the principle of "heavy pruning every year" will be implemented, and leafless flowers will be cut off, leafy flowers will be cut short, and flowers that are too dense will be thinned out to achieve a reasonable amount of flowers. The degree of cutting of leafy branches is determined by the amount of flowers. If the flower amount is too large, it should be cut again, and 1/2- 1/3 on the upper part of the branch should be cut off. If the flower amount is too large, cut it lightly, and cut off1/4-1/5 at the upper part of the branch; The flowers are not short. Pay close attention to the protection of young flowers and minimize the loss of flowers.
The fourth period is the flower and fruit period.
If there are too many fruits, the abnormal fruits and some surplus young fruits should be thinned, and the thinning should be completed before the fruit expansion period to achieve reasonable yield. If there are too few flowers and fruits, we should pay close attention to the protection of flowers and fruits, and we can use flowers and fruits to minimize physiological flowers and fruits.