The huge energy of ocean waves has become one of the focuses of research and development in the world, and it is of great strategic significance to seize the commanding heights in this technical field. In the past 65,438+000 years, scientists from all over the world have put forward many ideas, invented various wave power generation devices, and put forward more than 1000 invention patent applications, especially under the great pressure of energy crisis and environmental pollution in recent years. Marine energy technology which is clean, pollution-free, renewable, environmentally friendly and does not consume existing resources has been paid more and more attention by governments and enterprises in various marine countries. Taking advantage of science and technology, western countries have invested heavily in experiments on various devices and achieved certain results. Well-known wave energy conversion devices are Duck, Pelamis, AquaBuoy, Manchester_bobber, Fred_olsen_wec, Seavolt_wave_rider, Oscillating Water Column (OWC), OWEC and Trident. Seal wave energy device, contraction channel wave energy conversion device, pendulum wave energy conversion device, oscillating float wave energy conversion device, PS frog and frog wave energy device, etc.
China has also carried out the tracking research of wave technology. Since the early 1980s, the fixed and floating oscillating water column wave energy devices and pendulum wave energy devices have been studied. 1985 Guangzhou institute of energy, Chinese academy of sciences has successfully developed a wave power generation device for beacon lights by using symmetrical wing turbines. At the beginning of 2005, in Zhelang Peninsula, Shanwei City, Guangdong Province, the wave energy independent and stable power generation system independently developed by China (using oscillating water column and hydraulic conversion device) was successfully tested under real sea conditions, which is the first wave energy independent and stable power generation system in the world. In addition, China has also developed the wave power generation system, that is, the oscillating floating shore wave energy conversion device. The swinging float is used as the carrier of wave energy absorption, and then the energy absorbed by the float is converted by hydraulic device to drive the motor to generate electricity.
From the test application at home and abroad, due to the complexity of marine environment and the variability of wave energy, the expected effect can not be achieved generally. It is mainly manifested in the stability of energy output, energy collection, energy conversion efficiency, the influence of tidal change, the economy of complex structure, the safety of device structure, the corrosion resistance of device, the construction and installation of marine environment, and the universality and matching with existing production technologies and equipment. As a result, the wave energy utilization technology has made slow progress for many years, and no key breakthrough has been made, which has also led many people in China to be pessimistic about the wave energy utilization.
For a long time, people have known that waves have great energy, but it is generally believed that wave energy is the most unstable energy, and the focus of application is to improve the utilization rate of single waves. From the inherent characteristics of wave energy, this is very unfavorable. The wave energy that we can usually apply is usually several orders of magnitude different from the wave energy that we apply in storms. In order to improve the power of using single wave, we often make a single device very large. Once the storm is warned, it will often exceed the stress of its structure and materials, leading to the destruction of the device. This can be verified by the research and construction of the first Osprey made in Britain, the 500 kW Shore Wave Energy Device (MOWC) in Norway and the 3 kW Shore Wave Oscillating Water Column Power Station in China.
Wave energy is essentially a randomly generated energy. Although the wave height, wavelength, period and position of a single wave change with time, the wave energy of a certain water area changes slowly with time. By increasing the coverage of wave energy collection and accumulation, a strong and stable energy output can be obtained. At present, these technical problems have been solved, and from the test situation, the expected goals have been basically achieved, especially in the aspects of energy collection and conversion efficiency, stable energy output and energy collection, which are incomparable to the existing visual devices. I believe that people will soon be able to use this clean, environmentally friendly, non-consumption and non-emission renewable energy.
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