Franchising refers to the business model in which the franchisee allows the franchisee to use his name, trademark, proprietary technology, products and management experience to conduct business activities in the form of contract. The franchisee may use the same trademark, trade name, corporate image and working procedures owned or controlled by the franchisor. However, a considerable part of enterprises are owned or invested by franchisees.
Franchising is a method of selling goods and services, not an industry. Franchising, as a modern commercial sales form, has made great progress in the past decades. Both developed and developing countries have proved that franchising is an effective way to distribute goods and services. At the same time, franchising has also played a role in economic development.
Question 2: What are the types of franchising? 1. According to the content of franchising, franchising is divided into the following types:
1), the earlier franchise mode is called product brand franchise, also known as product distribution franchise, which means that the franchisor transfers the manufacturing right and distribution right of a specific brand product to the franchisee. The franchisor provides the franchisee with intellectual property rights such as technology, patents and trademarks and the right to use them within the prescribed scope, and does not strictly stipulate the production and business activities engaged by the franchisee. Typical examples of this franchise are car dealers, gas stations, beverage canning and sales. At present, this model has gradually evolved into a franchise business model around the world.
2) Business model franchising is called the second generation franchising, which is what people usually call franchising at present. It not only requires franchisees to operate the products and services of the head office, but also the quality standards and management policies should be carried out in the way stipulated by franchisees. Franchisees pay franchise fees and continuous royalties (royalties), so that franchisees can provide training, advertising, research and development and follow-up support for franchisees. This model has developed rapidly at home and abroad.
Two, franchise according to the composition of the franchisee is divided into the following types.
1), manufacturers and wholesalers
The licensing system for bottling plants established by soft drink manufacturers belongs to this type. Specifically, the manufacturer authorizes the franchisee to use the syrup provided by the franchisee in the designated area and bottle it for sale. The job of the bottling factory is to produce drinks with the syrup of the manufacturer, and then distribute the products according to the requirements of the manufacturer. Coca-Cola is the most typical example.
2), manufacturers and retailers
The automobile industry first established a franchise network through this franchise mode. The same franchise relationship exists between oil companies and gas stations. Many of its characteristics are similar to business model franchising, and it is getting closer and closer to this way. The way that automobile manufacturers designate dealers has become a business model franchise.
3), wholesalers and retailers
This kind of business mainly includes computer shops, pharmacies, supermarkets and car maintenance business.
4), retailers and retailers
This type is a typical business model franchise, and the representative enterprise is a fast food restaurant.
Three, franchise according to the way of granting the franchise is divided into the following types:
1) Monomer franchise
Monomer franchising refers to the franchisor granting the franchisee the right to open a franchise store in a certain place. Franchisees and franchisees directly sign franchise contracts, and franchisees personally participate in the operation of stores, so the economic strength of franchisees is generally weak. At present, a considerable number of such franchisees have joined on the basis of the original outlets. Monomer franchise is suitable for developing franchise stores in small space areas.
Advantages: franchisees directly control franchisees; There are no restrictions on the investment ability of franchisees; No regional monopoly; Will not pose a threat to the franchisor.
Disadvantages: the development speed of outlets is slow; Headquarters support management franchisees to invest heavily; Restrict powerful franchisees from joining.
2) Regional development concession
The franchisor gives the franchisee the right to open a specific number of franchise stores in a specific area and at a specific time. Invest, establish, own and operate franchise stores by regional developers; The franchisee shall not transfer the franchise right again; Developers have to pay a fee to obtain the right to regional development; Developers should abide by the development plan. This method is the most widely used, and it is suitable for developing a franchise network in a certain region (such as a region, a province or even a country). The franchisor first signs a development contract with the regional developer, giving the developer the right to develop in the designated area and time; When each franchise outlet meets the requirements of the franchisor, the franchisor and the developer shall sign franchise contracts for each outlet respectively.
Advantages: it is helpful for developers to realize economies of scale as soon as possible; Give full play to the investment and development capabilities of developers.
Disadvantages: within the time and area stipulated in the development contract, the franchisor cannot develop new franchisees; There is less control over developers.
3), secondary franchise
The franchisor gives the franchisee the right to sell the franchise in the designated area. The secondary franchisor plays the role of franchisor; Have considerable influence on the franchisor; Pay considerable royalties; It is one of the main ways to carry out transnational franchising. The franchisor signs an authorization contract with the secondary franchisor; The secondary franchisor signs a franchise contract with the franchisee.
Advantages: fast expansion speed; The franchisor failed to manage the tasks and corresponding economic burdens of each franchisee; Secondary franchisees can improve the franchise system according to the characteristics of the local market;
Disadvantages: Give the management right and franchise fee to >>
Question 3: What is franchising? Franchise refers to the franchisor's right to own or authorize others to use registered trademarks, corporate logos, patents, proprietary technologies and other business resources. In franchising, brand and technology are the core, and brands are generally represented by registered trademarks, trade names and corporate logos owned or authorized by franchisers. Technology includes proprietary technology and management technology granted by the franchisor to the franchisee.
In China, franchising is called franchising, and there are usually two forms:
First, authorized by the * * * organization, specific enterprises are allowed to use public property, or enjoy the right to operate a franchise business in a certain area, such as allowing airlines to use state-owned airport facilities to operate passenger and cargo services on the routes designated by * * *;
Second, an enterprise grants its own trademark, trade name, patent right and know-how to another enterprise for a certain period of time or permanently, engages in business activities under the unified business model of the franchisor according to the contract, and pays corresponding fees to the franchisor.
Question 4: What are the hottest joining industries now? Under normal circumstances, the risk of joining is much smaller than that of starting a business independently. According to the statistics of American SME Management Department, the proportion of self-operated stores that failed in the first year of opening is as high as 30%-35%, while the proportion of franchised stores that failed in the first year of opening is only 3%-5%. However, before joining, investors are very eager to know about the hot industries of franchising, so as to obtain the most stable return on investment. The following are some industries with outstanding performance or development prospects selected in the franchise field for investors' reference. 1, catering industry. The catering industry is the most prosperous franchise industry, especially fast food restaurants. From 65438 to 0994, five of the top ten franchisees in the United States were fast food restaurants, the most famous of which was McDonald's, ranking second. The investment in joining the catering industry ranges from tens of thousands to millions, which can generally bring stable returns to investors. 2. convenience store. This is a successful franchise enterprise in the world. The earliest convenience chain "7- 1 1" has a history of 60 years. 10000 stores are all over the world, and more than half of them are franchisees. Joining convenience stores has relatively low management requirements, because the headquarters is responsible for commodity distribution and store management guidance, the business process is relatively simple and the profit is relatively stable. 3. Daily necessities/food retail. The stability and success rate of this industry is higher than other industries, and it is also a very popular joining industry. Generally speaking, the investment is not large, no relevant experience is needed, and the threshold for joining is low. 4. Education/training. This is a franchise business that everyone is optimistic about, but people in the industry generally believe that this business needs a lot of investment, and the franchise contract period is generally very long, which is not suitable for ordinary investors to consider. At present, the largest English education brands in the world, such as EF Education and Buchang English, have very successful experiences in China. 5. Business services. This is a brand-new franchise business, most of which appeared in the late period of 1980, including accounting and tax declaration, advertising agency, enterprise consultant, real estate agency, express delivery and other services, and it is developing rapidly in the world at present. The world's largest express printing chain system "Suba" express printing and TNT, a fortune 500 company, are all leading brands in the industry. 6. Automobile supplies and services. This is a relatively new franchise industry with a history of no more than 20 years. However, with the development of economy and the popularization of personal cars, its market prospect is broad and it deserves investors' attention.
Question 5: What are the production franchise enterprises? Production franchise business model, which is an important form of chain operation. Refers to the trademark owned by the franchise organization. Products, patents and know-how are granted to franchisees in the form of franchise contracts, and franchisees engage in business activities under a unified business model according to the contracts and pay corresponding fees. According to the Regulations on the Administration of Commercial Franchise, enterprises engaged in business activities by franchising must file with the competent commercial department.
The Ministry of Commerce launched the "Commercial Franchise Information Management System", and txjy.syggs.mof.gov/ released the list of franchised enterprises. Production-oriented enterprises: build distribution network through franchising: (1) The core of manufacturing industry entering the commercial field with its product brand is to reposition and manage its own brand advantages, find the core value of brand monopoly and establish corresponding service channels. At the same time of brand building, we should also pay attention to the standardization and standardization of terminal operation. Without standardization, there is no way to copy and open a store. Without plagiarism, there is naturally no real chain.
(2) In the business model chain, manufacturers need to directly face the terminal, and must have a storefront as the carrier of service. The cost and capital of self-built storefronts of production enterprises can not be ignored.
Question 6: Which catering enterprises in China will inevitably want to open a second or third restaurant after opening a store successfully? This is human nature and understandable. But what about the status quo? Many enterprises became famous overnight and swept the whole region, but more enterprises closed down overnight and could not be found again. For those enterprises that can expand rapidly, their profit models (including site selection) are generally not too big problems, so where are the pain points? We know that chain expansion is replication, in fact, it is the replication of standards, systems, talents and culture. As a result, the pain points are vividly on the paper: First, it is difficult to establish standards and replication systems; Second, the quality of personnel is not up to standard, and the talent incubation mechanism is not perfect; Third, the implementation system, supervision system and distribution system are difficult to get close.
"Scale DuDu" is the mobile management software of catering industry, and it is also the mobile management software of catering people. At present, the mobile Internet China catering management platform scale DuDu APP launched by this software is aimed at catering B-end customers, and is positioned in catering mobile management.
Question 7: Which companies have franchise licenses issued by the Ministry of Commerce? The Ministry of Commerce you mentioned should be the franchise record of enterprises!
The term "commercial franchising" as mentioned in these Regulations refers to an enterprise (hereinafter referred to as the franchisor) with registered trademarks, enterprise logos, patents, proprietary technologies and other business resources.
Licenses the business resources owned by the franchisee to other operators (hereinafter referred to as franchisees) in the form of contracts, and the franchisee conducts business under a unified business model in accordance with the contract and pays franchise fees to the franchisor.
No unit or individual other than an enterprise may engage in franchise activities as a franchisor.
As long as the investment cooperation is carried out through the above methods, it needs to be filed.
First of all. See if there are registered trademarks, corporate logos, patents, proprietary technologies and other business resources.
Second. Whether there is a record of the Ministry of Commerce.
Third. Check the industrial and commercial information of the company's location.
These things can be found free of charge in the franchise information of the State Trademark Office, official website, the Ministry of Commerce and the Industrial and Commercial Bureau.
Question 8: What are the good cases of famous franchise companies in the world? 1865, American sewing machine company obtained the first franchise distribution network and dominated the American market from then on.
In 1950s, McDonald's and KFC introduced the franchise system, and the company developed rapidly, perfecting the franchise format.
In the 1960s and 1970s, franchising broke through the barriers of trade protectionism with its unique vitality and spread from the United States to all parts of the world. 1963 Japan established the first franchise chain-Paer Western-style pastry coffee shop, and began to abandon the traditional direct chain operation format. After 1970s, Japanese franchising developed rapidly centering on retail and catering industries, and formed its own franchising system.
Since 1980s, global franchising has developed rapidly ... USA: A chain store opens almost every 6.5 minutes. Franchising in Malaysia … Singapore … has become the national policy of these countries.
Question 9: What's the difference between franchising and joining? Franchise chain refers to the operating system of products and services developed by leading enterprises (including corporate images such as trademarks and trade names, that is, operating technology, operating occasions and regions), and is awarded to franchisees in the form of operating contracts. The original franchise chain came from the 1980s of 19. Singer sewing machine company in the United States established the first dealer network, and the dealers paid Shengjia company in exchange for the right to sell in a certain area.
The lock connection has the following main features:
1。 There is a franchise owner, who is the leader of franchise chain stores.
2。 Leaders have franchise rights, which can be products, services, commercial technologies, trade names, signs, and other special forces that can bring commercial benefits.
3。 Contract is the main link between the leader and the franchisee.
4。 Franchisees have the ownership of their own stores, and store operators are the owners of the stores.
5。 For the franchisee's headquarters, the franchisee must operate in full accordance with a series of regulations of the franchisee's headquarters, and he did not start operating from * * * *.
6。 Headquarters has the obligation to teach franchisees a complete set of business systems such as information, knowledge and technology to complete their career, and at the same time grant franchisees the monopoly right to use specific fields such as store name, trade name, trademark and service mark, and provide continuous business guidance during the contract period.
7。 Franchisees have to pay a certain fee to the leaders, usually including one-time franchise fee, sales or gross profit commission.
8。 Leaders have a vertical relationship, but franchisees have no horizontal relationship.
Many chain enterprises mistakenly believe that brands and economies of scale are the reasons and internal driving forces of enterprise expansion. Chain enterprises realize economies of scale through continuous self-replication, and low-cost replication of knowledge is the real internal driving force for the continuous expansion of chain enterprises. This requires chain enterprises to attach importance to the construction and management of knowledge operation system, make efforts in knowledge innovation, replication and protection, improve the difficulty of competitors' imitation, increase the value of knowledge transmitted to franchise stores, and ensure the healthy and sustainable development of chain systems.
Franchising means that the franchisor grants his trademark, trade name, product, patent, proprietary technology and business model to the franchisee in the form of franchise contract, and the franchisee engages in business activities under the franchisor's unified business model according to the provisions of the contract, and pays corresponding fees to the franchisor. Franchise enterprises are also called franchise chains because of their basic characteristics such as unified image and unified management. Franchising is a special business model. Franchising was launched in China in 1990s, and it developed rapidly from the beginning. At present, the national franchise model is widely distributed in 60 industries, with nearly 2,000 enterprises and nearly 82,000 franchise stores. The whole market is increasing by about 49% every year.
Franchising is a chain operation. Chain operation refers to the operation of similar goods or services under unified overall planning and layout, centralized management of division of labor and cooperation, and higher benefits through expansion of scale. Chain operation includes direct chain, franchise chain and free chain. Article 2 of the Measures for the Administration of Commercial Franchise stipulates that the term "commercial franchising" as mentioned in these Measures means that the franchisor grants the franchisee the right to use the business resources such as trademarks, trade names and business models that he has the right to grant to others by signing a contract; According to the contract, the franchisee engages in business activities under the unified management system and pays franchise fees to the franchisor. According to the provisions of this article, franchising, as a special business model, is characterized in that the franchisor transfers the franchise including his own trademark, trade name and business model through the contract, and the franchisee who has obtained the franchise engages in business activities under the unified business system according to the contract and pays the franchise fee to the franchisor. The cooperation between the two parties is based on the franchisor's intellectual property rights and franchise mode, as well as the franchisee's investment capital. Franchisees generally hold the ultimate management right of franchise stores through contracts, while franchisees have ownership of their own investments. The two sides gain their own interests through cooperation.
It is worth noting that there is no subordinate relationship between franchisor and franchisee in franchising, and the two parties are not parent-subsidiary companies, partners or agents. Specifically, it is the franchisor who authorizes the franchisee to use his own intellectual property rights such as trademark identification and management technology with a unified business image and management model. For all franchisees, there are 1 and fixed franchise terms, and there is no direct connection between them. Almost all franchises ... >>