The research of modern Pu 'er tea paste began in 22, and by 25, the deciphering and restoration of imperial tea paste in Qing Dynasty were basically completed. At the same time, the scientific research department successfully separated the unique flora of post-fermentation of Pu 'er tea from the sun-dried wool in Lincang, Yunnan Province by using the most advanced biotechnology, and initially realized the large-scale production of ordinary Pu 'er tea paste by using the technology of low-temperature extraction and low-temperature drying. In 26, the scientific research department successfully isolated the unique strains of Pu 'er tea in Simao, Yunnan (now Pu 'er City), and completed the research and development of the best quality Pu 'er tea paste "Yulong Shengxue". Since then, the first phase of modern Pu 'er tea paste has been basically completed. It also indicates that modern Pu 'er tea paste is beginning to mature.
So, what are the characteristics of modern Pu 'er tea paste compared with ancient Pu 'er tea paste? Many people have a misunderstanding about Pu 'er tea paste, thinking that Pu 'er tea paste is a black paste. In fact, Zhao Xuemin, a pharmacist in the Qing Dynasty, pointed out in his compendium of materia medica: "Pu 'er tea paste is as black as paint, sober up is the first, and green is better." Directly pointed out two products of Pu 'er tea paste, one is black paste and the other is green paste (dark green).
As far as black paste is concerned, Pu 'er tea paste is not just one product, and the quality and appearance of each product are very different. Although the ancient Pu 'er tea paste (mainly refers to the imperial tea paste of the Qing Dynasty) has certain rationality, it lacks advanced nature. This is related to the backwardness of science and technology at that time. Because of the limitation of the times, the process of making Pu 'er tea paste is extremely complicated, and the yield is low, and it is easy to cause secondary pollution and unsafe drinking.
The modern Pu 'er tea paste is made by the most advanced biotechnology. The application of cold isostatic pressing, cell wall-breaking technology, supercritical fluid extraction, freeze-drying and other technologies makes the production process of modern Pu 'er tea paste more scientific, simpler and more hygienic, and its quality is higher than that of the Qing court Pu 'er tea paste. Natural medicine is a powerful weapon for human beings to prevent and treat diseases for a long time, and it has a long history of application. So far, many countries and regions in the world still regard natural medicine as an important means to prevent and treat diseases. Pu 'er tea is a kind of drink with natural medicine characteristics. It has a drinking history of nearly a thousand years.
Perhaps it is precisely because of this that Zhao Xuemin, a pharmacist in the Qing Dynasty, described the medicinal value of Pu 'er tea paste almost in an exaggerated way in "Addendum to Compendium of Materia Medica": "Pu 'er tea paste can cure all diseases, such as bloating and cold, and it will be cured if you use ginger soup; The mouth breaks the throat, and it hurts when it is heated. It can be cured by spending five minutes overnight. Those who are bruised by the summer heat will be applied for healing. " It can be seen that he believes that Pu 'er tea cream can be used both orally and externally.
We say that natural medicine has the function of preventing and treating diseases, and its material basis lies in its effective components. It is precisely these effective components that have special pharmacological functions, such as promoting human immunity, regulating human circadian rhythm, preventing diseases or recovering, which are also functions with special uses that we often mention. However, it also has a defect, that is, its content is very low. This is not only Pu 'er tea, but also almost all natural medicines, and their natural active ingredients are often very low. Such as paclitaxel, camptothecin, human ginsenoside Rh2, etc., are only a few ten thousandths or less in plants. This is because natural products are generally complex in structure and often contain many asymmetric centers, even if they want to be chemically synthesized, it is extremely difficult. Just like EGCG (Epigallocatechingallate, abbreviated as EGCG) contained in Pu 'er tea, it has obvious anti-cancer effect, but its content is too low to be synthesized by chemical method or structural modification.
Modern Pu 'er tea paste adopts biotechnology, follows the original post-fermentation mechanism of Pu 'er tea, separates some dominant strains from Pu 'er tea, and consciously extracts the unique cellulase and pectinase in Pu 'er tea, and carries out secondary inoculation and fermentation on the paste-making Pu 'er tea raw materials under the conditions with high requirements of working environment, and strictly controls the temperature and humidity, so that the Pu 'er tea raw materials enter the real stage of microbial and enzymatic transformation; Then it is obtained by low-temperature extraction (note: not traditional Chinese medicine extraction in the conventional sense) and low-temperature drying. The yield of tea cream is 15%. So that the Pu 'er tea paste has the characteristics of natural medicines.
After years of continuous innovation and research and development by the technical team of tea cream led by Zhang Pengfei, Dimingtang takes the high-quality Pu 'er tea, a unique ancient tree and big leaf tea tree in Yunnan, as raw materials, and through cracking and simulating the production process of the tea cream in the Qing Dynasty, using the snow water of the Millennium iceberg in Shangri-La Mountain as the medium, and using a number of patented technologies such as the self-developed low-temperature (constant temperature) far-infrared conversion multistage extraction device, it has refined a pure natural Yumingtang that is safe, hygienic, pesticide-free, preservative-free and additive-free. It contains about 5% of tea polyphenols, which is 3-5 times that of ordinary tea, and it is rich in tea pigments, alkaloids, catechins, tea polysaccharides and other substances beneficial to human body, which makes tea cream have unique physiological and pharmacological functions, such as sobering up, delaying aging (anti-oxidation), losing weight, protecting the liver and nourishing the stomach, lowering blood pressure, lowering cholesterol, lowering blood lipid and relieving greasy taste.
From the perspective of modern biomedicine, we found that many chemical components contained in Pu 'er tea paste have medicinal mechanism on human body. For example, the flavonoids contained in Pu 'er tea paste can obviously reduce triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CH) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). At the same time, it can increase the content of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), prevent the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids, and reduce the deposition of serum cholesterol and cholesterol on the intima of blood vessels. Moreover, it can also inhibit platelet aggregation, anticoagulation and promote fibrinolysis by increasing prostacyclin and reducing thromboxane synthesis, and prevent thrombosis. According to experiments in recent two years, it is found that this flavonoid contained in Pu 'er tea paste can also relax vascular smooth muscle, dilate blood vessels and reduce peripheral vascular resistance, thus lowering blood pressure. It can be used for preventing atherosclerosis and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Moreover, theophylline contained in Pu 'er tea paste can stimulate the secretion of sodium ion in the small intestine to promote diuresis and accelerate the excretion of harmful substances such as alcohol, nicotine and morphine. No wonder "Compendium of Materia Medica" says: "Pu 'er tea paste is as black as paint, and sober up is the first". What needs to be pointed out here is that the content of theophylline in Pu 'er tea paste is twice that of Pu 'er tea and 3-4 times that of other teas such as green tea.
Of course, there are many medicinal mechanisms of Pu 'er tea paste, so I won't state them here. Although Pu 'er tea paste has a long history of development, the research on it is only in recent years. One thing we must know is that our exploration of the special functions of Pu 'er tea paste is still in its infancy, just the tip of the iceberg. In particular, there are still many gaps in the transformation of various chemical components contained in the subsequent aging process of Pu 'er tea paste and the various effects of this transformed substance on human body, and there are still a lot of experimental analysis for us and future generations to complete step by step.
Although it is feasible to cook Pu 'er tea paste in Yunnan indigenous cauldron, everyone can cook it at home, but it is not scientific. From a scientific point of view, many biological enzymes disappear in the repeated high-temperature boiling of tea, which leads to the lack of "kinetic energy" in the subsequent transformation of boiled tea cream and can only lead to mildew, which is the reason why the color of tea cream soup boiled in a large pot is turbid and its quality is getting worse; Secondly, at high temperature, a large number of nutrients will volatilize with water vapor, resulting in some kind of loss of products. Therefore, the road to boiling tea cream will get narrower and narrower, especially the pesticide residues and heavy metal residues in boiling tea cream are very serious, which has great hidden dangers in food safety.
The real low-temperature extraction and low-temperature drying Pu 'er tea paste replaces the tea cream process. At present, only Monton has this qualification in China, so on January 6, 26, Yunnan Provincial Museum accepted the Pu 'er tea mother donated by Monton Tea Products (Kunming) Co., Ltd., which is the tea cream with the highest purity and crystallinity, and is the fermentation medium of Pu 'er tea paste. This is the first time that Yunnan Provincial Museum has accepted the donation of tea products since its opening decades ago.
in April, 28, Monton tea products obtained the only production license for tea cream-related products in China. Because it was the first time that the country issued a production license for tea cream and related products, the relevant quality inspection departments of the country attached great importance to it, and conducted a lot of extremely strict tests and inspections for Monton tea cream. Finally, the quality and value of Monton tea cream, as well as the technical strength and quality control of the enterprise, were fully affirmed and included in the solid instant tea sequence, and the first QS (production license) was given to Monton tea cream.
Mengdun Pu 'er tea paste is made by the most advanced biotechnology means such as cold isostatic pressing, cell wall breaking technology, supercritical fluid extraction, freeze drying, etc., so it has technically laid the foundation for high-quality tea cream. Eliminate pesticide residues, solve the problems of excessive heavy metals, and ensure the food safety of products; Because of low-temperature extraction and low-temperature drying, the activity of nutrients in tea is retained, which makes Monton tea cream have the "kinetic energy" for subsequent transformation, and it will become more fragrant in the later anaerobic post-fermentation process; At the same time, Mengdun Pu 'er Tea Paste pays great attention to the biotransformation of natural drugs in tea, which makes the tea cream more natural.