[Idea Analysis]
The environmental value of earthworms
Earthworms are decomposers in the natural material cycle. They are used in many countries around the world to process domestic waste. and organic waste. According to reports, a company in California, USA, breeds 500 million earthworms and can process 200 tons of waste every day. The domestic waste in the Olympic Village of the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games was processed by 1.6 million earthworms.
At present, the phenomenon of garbage surrounding cities in our country is becoming increasingly serious. Haidian District of Beijing alone generates more than 1,200 tons of domestic garbage a day. Landfilling and incineration not only have high operating costs, but also cause secondary pollution. If treated with earthworms, environmental pollution can be eliminated and waste can be turned into fertilizer. Today's industrial wastes, such as organic matter-pulp, slag, sludge, etc. produced by food processing, brewing, papermaking, wood processing, and textiles, can all be treated with earthworms.
[Problem-solving process]
The value of earthworm agricultural utilization
The long-term application of chemical fertilizers and the neglect of organic fertilizers in farmland in my country has led to the destruction of soil structure and The phenomenon of soil compaction is becoming increasingly serious, posing a great threat to the sustainable development of agriculture. Earthworms can make the soil form the best soil structure in agriculture - the aggregate structure.
Because earthworms constantly dig holes, eat organic waste, and excrete feces, they play the role of cultivating and stirring the soil, promoting the transformation of raw soil into mature soil. The feces excreted by earthworms are non-toxic, odorless, clean and hygienic. It contains 32.4% organic matter, 2.15% nitrogen, 1.76% phosphorus, 0.27% potassium, and 23 kinds of amino acids. It is a high-quality organic fertilizer for agriculture, forestry, flowers, and urban greening. "Beijing Daily" once had a report titled "The King of Organic Fertilizers-Vermicompost". In foreign countries, vermicompost is widely used as fertilizer in agricultural production. The California Agricultural Experimental Site in the United States uses vermicompost to increase wheat production by 26% and rapeseed production by 7 times. Canadian earthworm farmers use earthworms to process garbage and obtain a large amount of vermicompost, which is mixed with peat and sold abroad for use in gardens and greenhouses to grow flowers and vegetables.
In horticulture, vermicompost can be used as a substrate for seedlings or soilless cultivation. It not only makes the seedlings grow strong and tall, but also prevents soft rot, damping off, root shrinkage, and potato nematodes. and many other diseases. Vermicompost is also a good breeding material. The base soil mixed with 30% vermicompost has the best effect, and its solid phase, liquid phase and gas phase distribution are ideal. Vermicompost has another feature that is superior to other organic fertilizers, that is, it does not grow mold, has no odor, meets hygienic requirements, can be stored in plastic bags for a long time, is suitable for growing flowers and seedlings, and is easy to sell in the market.
It can be seen that it is appropriate that earthworms are known as the "ploughs" and "cultivators" of the earth, the "chemists" and "fertilizers" of nature, and the "suppliers" of plant nutrients.