The inventor of television is Baird. One day in 1923, a friend told Baird: "Since Marconi was able to transmit and receive radio waves over long distances, it should also be possible to transmit images." This inspired him a lot. Baird was determined to complete the task of "transmitting images electrically." He sold his little property, collected a lot of information, and devoted all his time to developing television. October 2, 1925 was the most exciting day in Baird's life. On this day, he installed a new device indoors that can convert light into electrical signals, hoping to use it to make Bill's face appear more realistic. After a while, he pressed the button on the machine, and suddenly Bill's image appeared clearly and vividly. He couldn't believe his eyes. He rubbed his eyes and looked carefully. Isn't that exactly Bill's face? The light levels on the face are distinct, and the details are clearly distinguishable. The mouth, nose, eyes, eyelashes, ears and hair are all clearly visible. Baird jumped up with excitement. At this moment, the only thought that came to his mind was to quickly find a living Bill and send a living face out. Downstairs from Baird's building was a video rental store. That afternoon, the store was in business. Suddenly, the "inventor" guy upstairs broke in and grabbed the first person he met. The person who was caught was It was the 15-year-old shop boy William Tayington. A few minutes later, Baird saw William Tayington's face in the "magic mirror" - it was the first person to be broadcast on television. Then, William got permission to look into the receiver and saw Baird's own face reflected on the screen. Then, Baird invited researchers from the Royal Academy of Sciences to come and watch his. New invention. On January 26, 1926, researchers from the Academy of Sciences were invited to visit Baird's laboratory, and the screening results were successfully completed, which caused a great sensation. This was the first day that the television developed by Baird was broadcast publicly. The day television was born. Inventor of Television: Philo T. Farnsworth As a 14-year-old boy plowing his family's fields in Rigby, Idaho, Philo T. Farnsworth was the thinker. Electron Beams and Einstein's Theory of Relativity. A science teacher, he recognized that Philo had an unusual intelligence and helped him learn about the science he could as he concieved drawing pictures with electron beams. He plowed the field one row at a time, from top to bottom and side to side. After two years in high school and two years as a college student at Brigham Young University, he turned to designing his own television system, including an electronic camera. transmitter, receiver and a screen. By 1927 he built the components of his system and successfully presented the working system to investors in 1927. The problem was that of Russia. Mirkin worked on the same problem and filed a patent for his partial system in 1923. However, his device did not work for Lotus, and in later years Farnsworth's technology was developed for Lotus. Using Zworkykin's filing date as the basis for his claim that Lotus should not have to pay royalties to Farnsworth, Farnsworth's patent was published in 1930, and that same annuity visited Farmsworth's laboratory and heard: "I think. , I may have invented it. "However, Lotus claimed that Kim's Iconoscope preceded Farnsworth's. Both parties raised their case for priority in the suit to the US Patent Office, alleged interference. Farnsworth's evidence for the priority invention was excluded However, during World War II, the government suspended development of television and by the time the war was over, Farnsworth's patent had almost expired.
Television Patent With the invention of the telephone in 1875 and the development of radio and film technology, many scientific and technological personnel began to study image transmission technology. They wanted to apply the latest scientific and technological achievements to conduct photoelectric conversion of static or moving scenes and images, and transmit electrical signals for use. The picture can be reproduced instantly elsewhere. The first person to invent and implement such a television system was British engineer J.L. Baird (John Logie Baird). Baird applied to the British Patent Office on July 26, 1923 for a system titled "System for transmitting images, portraits and scenes by means of wired or radio wave communication", and was authorized on October 9, 1924, with the patent number GB222604 . The system is more mechanical than electronic. It is based on the Russian-German P? Nipkov (Paul Niphow) in Berlin, Germany. The 1884 German patent DE30105 titled "Electronic Telescope" includes two identical rotating disks, one on the transmitter and the other on the receiver. Each disk has 24 square holes and photocells that transmit images. It is based on the idea of ????moving images, that is, when a series of still images changes quickly enough, it will visually produce the effect of moving pictures. However, due to technical reasons, the patent was not implemented. * The above-mentioned Baird patent suggests a method and system for transmitting images, portraits and scenes, each area of ??the scene is projected onto a photosensitive element in succession, and the receiver utilizes the current changes caused by the photosensitive element to light up the screen. A series of small lights, the changing illumination of these small lights on the screen forms a reproduction of the original picture. The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: the scene or target A to be transmitted is focused on the rotating disk D through a lens B to form an image C. The disk D is pierced with a series of small holes arranged in a spiral. Image C can be 1 inch by 1 inch, and the hole in the disk can be 1/18 inch (or 1/32 inch) in diameter. The holes are spaced about 1 inch in a circle, with the second hole 1/18 inch (or 1/32 inch) closer to the center than the first hole, and the third hole 1/18 inch closer to the center than the second hole. inch (or 1/32 inch), and so on until the 18th hole (or 32nd hole), so that when the disc D rotates, each part of the picture to be transported successively passes through a 1/18 inch inch hole (or 1/32 inch hole). There is a photosensitive element E at the back of the disk. Different illumination shines on the photosensitive element through the perforation M, causing a change in the current flowing through the photosensitive element from the battery F. The changing current is amplified by such as a thermionic vacuum tube and then passes through a wire or element. It is transported to the receiver, which is equipped with an arm G that rotates completely synchronously with the disc D of the transmitter. The end of this arm has a brush and is connected to a series of contacts H, each contact is connected to a small light. These lights are arranged in rows and columns to form a screen K. Each hole sweeps a strip of the picture and reproduces the strip on the receiving screen by a column of lights, so that each hole has its corresponding column of lights corresponding to it. Many lights can be used, and the more lights the better the picture is reproduced. If the corresponding instantaneous hole faces the bright part of the picture, the light will be very bright; if the instantaneous hole faces the dark part of the picture, the light will be dim; the different brightness of the light on the screen reproduces the picture, thus forming images. Baird was born in 1888. He studied at Larchfield College, the Royal College of Technology and the University of Glasgow, but dropped out when the First World War broke out. He was an unsuccessful businessman. When he started to invest in research work, he was very poor and had no funds. He had to use tea boxes, biscuit boxes, wires, wax and other waste items to make experimental devices by himself. Even the rotating disk was made of cards. Made of cardboard, the picture has 30 lines from top to bottom and is transmitted 10 times per second. In 1924, he successfully launched a small Maltese cross within a range of several meters. On October 2, 1925, he finally succeeded in getting the face of young orderly W. Taynton to appear on the television. He signed contracts with department stores to be paid for the performance of television transmissions and continually improved the system. In 1928, Baird began to officially broadcast his television system, and began to research and experiment with color television.
In 1929, the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) signed a licensing contract with Baird and used his invention to experimentally broadcast television. In 1936, the BBC used radio to implement scheduled television broadcasts for the first time in the world. However, the limitations of Baird's mechanical technological approach to television also emerged. Despite his great efforts, there have always been problems with the quality of the images transmitted. The scanning accuracy is limited by the rotation speed, the image clarity is not enough, and the flickering images give viewers a headache. This field was very active at that time. While Baird was engaged in research on television systems based on the mechanical scanning principle, American inventors were conducting research on electronic scanning and trying to adopt another technical route-electronic television system. Russian-American engineer Vladimir Eworykin J applied for the US2141059 patent on December 29, 1923, which was only approved and published on December 20, 1938. He invented the picture tube and camera tube technology as well as the television system, which was an electronic system. The foundation of the television system was laid. Although the electronic television system was not perfect at the beginning and the effect was not as good as the mechanical one, with the efforts of Zolgin, the American Wireless Company and the British EMI Company, the technology progressed rapidly, such as scanning lines. It was 48 lines in 1929 and reached 343 lines in 1935. At the end of 1936 and early 1937, two systems, EMI's electronic television system and Baird's mechanical television system, were set up at Alexandra Palace in north London, England, and were used alternately every other week to compare the two systems. Which one works better. First-class electronic variety technology. Three months later, the BBC told Baird it would shut down his system. Electronic television systems have become the mainstream television systems. Baird died in Sussex, England in 1946. Bexhill, Sussex. The Controversy of the Inventor of Television Television was not invented by any one person. It is the culmination of a large group of people from different historical periods and countries. As early as the 19th century, people began to discuss and explore methods of converting images into electronic signals. In 1900, the word "television" had already appeared. People usually regard the image of the puppet "scanned" by the Scotsman John Logie Baird in an experiment in London on October 2, 1925 as a sign of the birth of television. father". However, this view is controversial. Because, also in that year, the American Vladimir Zworykin showed his television system to his boss at Westinghouse. Although the time period was the same, the television systems of John Logie Baird and Vladimir Zworykin were very different. Historically, John Logie Baird's television system was called mechanical television, while Sfrokin's system was called electronic television. This difference is mainly due to the difference in transmission and reception principles. The development of television has been complex. Many people were doing the same research at almost the same time. RCA in the United States launched the world's first black-and-white television in 1939, set the national color television standard in 1953, and launched RCA color television in 1954.
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