Excessive use, prohibition of drugs and illegal use-leek becomes a "poisonous dish"
Wang, deputy director of the Plant Protection Institute of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, never puts leeks in her basket. The leaves are thick, the color is oily green and the head is thick, because she knows that these beautiful-looking leeks are all "fed" by pesticides.
People should brush their teeth and rinse their mouths after eating leeks, for fear that the special smell in their mouths will affect others. That is, the special taste of leek makes it have the function of expelling general pests, so we rarely see traces of insect bites on leek leaves.
Leek is not afraid of insects, why use pesticides?
It turns out that the pests that can bring fatal harm to the growth of leeks are "underground workers". Wang said that the most serious pest of leek is leek maggot, which lives underground and eats the roots of leek, making the roots of leek rot and break and unable to grow. Leek is a perennial plant and can be cut several times at a time. If the roots are bitten by insects, the leeks on the ground will naturally die.
Generally sprayed pesticides are ineffective against leek pests. Only root irrigation can effectively remove leek maggots, that is, pesticides must be applied to the underground and roots of leeks. Professor Wang Kaiyun, who is engaged in the research of pesticides and pests in Shandong Agricultural University, said that the maggot-killing pesticide used by many farmers is called "39 1 1", and its chemical name is phorate, which is an organic phosphorus systemic pesticide and belongs to the pesticide prohibited by the state from being used on vegetables. Although it is a banned drug, this pesticide can not only effectively eliminate pests, but also promote root development. It has the function of fertilizer, making leeks grow stout, green in color, plump in leaves, "healthy" in appearance and cheaper than other pesticides.
Originally, the correct use of pesticides was to apply pesticides where there were leek maggots. When Wang went to some leek planting areas for investigation, he often found that leek farmers diluted pesticides in water and poured them into the ground to save trouble. In this way, pesticides went to places where there were leek maggots, and pesticides went to places where there were no leek maggots. Moreover, the dilution multiple of pesticides stipulated by the state is 1500 to 2000 times, but some leek farmers actually pour 8 kg of pesticides into a ridge, and the dilution is almost 200 to 300 times, which is almost the original medicine.
In 2000, an accident of pesticide poisoning caused by eating leeks occurred in a "leek village" in Hebei Province. The small restaurant in the village uses leeks to make steamed buns, and the people who eat steamed buns just fall to the ground after a few bites-"Leek Village" uses more pesticides.
Another reason for the excessive pesticide residues in leeks is that leek farmers have not strictly observed the regulations on pesticide use. According to the national regulations, pesticides are not allowed to be used again from 15 to 20 days before vegetable harvest, in order to ensure that the residual pesticides in vegetables have sufficient photolysis time within this 15 to 20 days. Because the organophosphorus pesticides recommended by the state are all soluble in water and have short photolysis time (although "39 1 1" also belongs to this kind of drugs, it is too toxic, so it is forbidden), so some vegetable farmers often shorten the interval between root irrigation and leek harvesting in order to get the leek on the market early, so it is too late to degrade the pesticides.
Government: Strengthen pesticide management
Expert: Studying green medicine.
Liu Su, director of the Vegetable Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center of the Ministry of Agriculture, told reporters that the Ministry of Agriculture launched the "Pollution-free Food Action Plan" nationwide last year and set up a food safety leading group to implement the plan. It has also set up four pilot cities, including Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Shenzhen. The Ministry of Agriculture has conducted five spot checks on vegetables in some provincial capitals. On April 22nd this year, the Ministry of Agriculture issued the announcement 194 of April 22nd, 2007, which stopped accepting the new registration of 1 1 highly toxic pesticides, stopped approving the sub-packaging registration of highly toxic and highly toxic pesticides, cancelled the registration of some highly toxic pesticides on some crops, and strengthened the control over the use of highly toxic and highly toxic pesticides. On April 29th this year, the Ministry of Agriculture and the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine issued and implemented the Measures for the Administration of Pollution-free Agricultural Products.
While the national functional departments strengthen supervision, scientific research experts are also working hard to study the topic of insect resistance of leeks. Professor Wang Kaiyun from Shandong Agricultural University is studying extracting elements from plants that can kill pests instead of pesticides. This is a completely pollution-free, faster metabolism and no residue pesticide, so it is called botanical insecticide. This pesticide is more effective in controlling pests, does not harm human body, has low cost and is easily accepted by farmers. Professor Wang has started to draft patent documents in botanical insecticide, which can be put into use jointly with manufacturers after approval.
The color is not green, the head is not thick, and the leaves are not thick-healthy leeks are actually not beautiful.
When interviewing Wang, I happened to meet Yu, director of the Institute of Plant Protection of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences. Director Yu told reporters: "Has anyone ever wondered why farmers use a lot of pesticides? Just too many pests? Is it because pesticides are cheap that they are used in large quantities? I don't think so! " He told reporters that when ordinary people go shopping, most people will definitely like those leaves that are insect-free, oily green and look beautiful, but look down on those dark, yellow and small leeks, but the latter is the true face of healthy growth. But in reality, healthy but not beautiful leeks are not bought, so farmers naturally have to find ways to change their leeks into "healthy" leeks that city people like. What shall we do? Use pesticides! Pesticides not only kill insects, but also serve as fertilizers. Therefore, we should use pesticides when we should and when we shouldn't. All leeks are beautiful and moving under the "feeding" of pesticides.
Therefore, while condemning the excessive use of pesticides by leek farmers and using banned pesticides, can we also consider this? It is precisely because of consumers' preferences that leek farmers made this decision?
Now it seems that it is imperative for us to learn what kind of leek is really healthy. We should also change a concept that has misled us for a long time, and don't think that vegetables are particularly green and strong. Leek has taught us a good lesson. We must believe in science, not just our eyes.
Wang also asked the reporter to explain to the readers that the reason why we say that there are so many pesticide residues in leeks is to tell everyone that there is a wrong understanding when buying leeks, not that leeks cannot be eaten. As long as you master the scientific identification method, you can safely eat leeks.
Wang introduced three aspects that should be paid attention to when eating leeks. First, learn to "observe words and observe colors" to pick leeks: when looking at colors, don't pick those that look particularly oily green; Second, look at the size, don't choose a particularly thick one; Third, look at the leaves, not too thick. Second, buy less and eat less as far as possible to reduce the possibility of being harmed by pesticides. Third, if you like to eat leeks, give them a bath: because the pesticides used at present are all organophosphorus, which are easily soluble in water, soaking them in clear water after buying them, and then washing them with clear water will reduce pesticide residues.
How much do you know about the efficacy of leeks?
In Chinese medicine, leek has a very loud name called "aphrodisiac grass", and some people call it "intestinal grass". Not only that, leeks have many names. Professor Chang of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine said that leeks are also called grass stalactites, rising grass and long grass, and also called flat vegetables. The history of Chinese chives used as medicine can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. In Compendium of Materia Medica, the function of Chinese chives is: "Promoting fluid production and controlling qi, breathing and detoxifying bacon. Boiling juice can stop coughing and night sweats. "
Male-natural viagra
Introduce two methods of nourishing essence and strengthening yang of leek;
① leek porridge: 50g fresh leek, leek seeds 10g (finely ground), japonica rice 10g, and a little salt. First, boil the japonica rice into porridge, and when the porridge is almost cooked, add leek (washed and cut into sections) or leek seed powder and refined salt, and then cook for a while. Function: tonify kidney, strengthen yang, solidify essence, strengthen spleen and warm stomach.
② Scrambled eggs with leek: 100g fresh leek, washed and chopped, 3 eggs (shelled), mashed with chopped leek, and fried with vegetable oil and salt until cooked. Function: Warming middle warmer and nourishing blood, warming kidney, waist and knees.
Note: Because leeks are not easy to digest, you should not eat too much at a time. Chinese medicine believes that people with yin deficiency and excessive fire (symptoms: upset, red cheekbones, dry mouth and no desire to drink water, red tongue with little coating, night sweats, etc. ) it is not advisable to eat leeks. People who don't like spicy food should not eat it, and people who are allergic should not eat it.
Elderly people-treatment of frequent urination
Take 50 grams of fresh leek, wash it and cut it into sections. First, cook porridge with japonica rice. After the porridge is cooked, add leek, cooked oil, refined salt and monosodium glutamate and cook until the rice porridge is sticky. Warming it 2 ~ 3 times a day has the effects of warming kidney, supporting yang, consolidating essence and stopping nocturnal emission, and can treat kidney-yang deficiency, enuresis and frequent urination.
Women-freckle removal and weight loss
Leek contains sulfur-containing compounds that can reduce blood fat and dilate blood vessels, and enhance the function of tyrosine system in melanocytes, thus leading to the changes of melanin in skin hair follicles, so as to eliminate skin white spots and make hair black and shiny. Leek is also rich in plant cellulose, which has the function of losing weight. Women with skin leukoplakia, often eating leeks can achieve the dual effects of freckle removal and weight loss.