References are references to the whole or part of a work or paper in the process of academic research. SCI papers have clear requirements for format. As one of the contents of the paper, references must also follow the paper format requirements. References are divided into Chinese references and English references, and there are slight differences between the two.
1. Chinese References
The types of Chinese references are identified by single letters. The main document types include: [M]--monographs, works, [C]-- Conference papers, [N]--newspaper articles, [J]--journal articles, [D]--dissertations, [R]--reports, [S]-- standards, [P]--patents, [Z ]--other.
Generally speaking, references are listed at the end of the text in the order they appear in the text, with the serial number of the reference in the left top box and represented by numbers plus square brackets, such as [1], [2],… , in the same format as the indicated serial numbers in the text. Different documents each correspond to a serial number; when the document title is the same but only the page number is different, as one document, the page number can be noted after the indicated serial number in the text, such as [5]520. Each reference entry ends with "." Below, a detailed explanation of how each type of reference is organized.
1. Journal article:
First author, second author,. ． ． Author N. years. Article name. Publication name, volume number (issue number): start page ~ end page.
2. Monograph:
First author, second author,. ． ． Nth author. years. Book title. Place of publication: Publisher: Start page ~ End page.
3. Articles in the collection:
First author, second author,. ． ． Nth author. years. Article name. See: XXX, XXX,. ． ． , (etc.). Editor-in-chief. Book title. Place of publication: Press: start page ~ end page.
4. Dissertation:
Name of graduate student. Year of completion of thesis. Title of thesis [Ph.D./Master’s/Bachelor’s degree thesis]. Supervisor: Supervisor’s name. City: School or research unit.
5. Newspaper article:
Author. Year of publication. Title [N]. Name of newspaper, year-month-day (edition?).
It is recommended to specify the newspaper file type [N].
6. Online literature:
Author. Year of publication. Title [OL]. (Update date) [Citation date] http://Website.
According to GB/T 7714-2005, the update date can be omitted, but the reference date cannot be omitted! The format of the date must be similar to: "2011-06-21". And the document type [OL] cannot be omitted.
7. Research report
Author. Title [R]. Place of publication: Publisher, Year of publication: Starting page number.
8. Patent
Patent owner. Title [P]. Country: patent number, date of issuance.
9. Regulations
Issuing unit. Name of regulations, date of issuance
When writing references, people often make some detailed mistakes, which should be avoided. They mainly include the following points:
1) Use a small 4 for "references" Bold type, square brackets in the center, specific content in Song font size 4;
2) Do not regard the total number of issues of the journal as the volume number;
3) For more than three authors, Please list the first three authors, followed by ", etc.";
4) References should be automatically inserted into endnotes;
5) Notes should be placed after the text, with references Before the literature, the content should be in small 5-point italics, numbered in the ① and ② formats, and superscripted in the text. The number should not exceed ten, and footnotes should be automatically inserted;
6) References Identifiers and punctuation should be in English half-width format.
2. English References
The format requirements for English references and Chinese references are basically the same, but you should pay attention to one thing when writing English references. The format for describing the names of foreign authors uses the surname. First (full spelling, first letter is capitalized), name after (abbreviation is the first letter), with a space in the middle; the first letter of the content word in the title of the book document is capitalized, and the first letter of the first word in the title of the journal document is capitalized. Please use the full name of the journal name, do not Use abbreviations. The details are as follows:
1. Books written by a single author
Last name, initials. (Year). Book title (italics). City where the publishing house is located: Publishing House.
For example: Sheril, R. D. (1956). The terrifying future: Contemplating color television. San Diego: Halstead.
2. Books co-authored by two or more authors
Surname, initials of first name., amp; Surname, initials of first name. (year). Book title (italics). City of publisher: publishing house.
For example: Smith, J., amp; Peter, Q. (1992).Hairball: An intensive peek behind the surface of an enigma. Hamilton, ON: McMaster University Press.
3. Articles in the collection
For example: Mcdonalds, A. (1993). Practical methods for the apprehension and sustained containment of supernatural entities. In G. L. Yeager (Ed.), Paranormal and occult studies: Case studies in application (pp. 42–64). London: OtherWorld Books.
4. Articles in journals (non-consecutive page numbers)
For example: Crackton, P. (1987). The Loonie: God's long-awaited gift to colorful pocket change?Canadian Change, 64(7), 34–37.
5. Articles in the journal (consecutive page numbers):
Last name, initials. (Year). Title. Journal name (italics) ). Issue, page number.
For example: Rottweiler, F. T., amp; Beauchemin, J. L. (1987). Detroit and Narnia: Two foes on the brink ofdestruction. Canadian/American Studies Journal, 54, 66 –146.
6. Articles in monthly magazines
For example: Henry, W. A., III. (1990, April 9). Making the grade in today's schools. Time, 135, 28-31.