1 Common projects can be quoted at high prices, such as earthwork, concrete, masonry, paving, etc. Most of the project funds can be recovered as soon as possible in the early stage of construction, and can be lower in the later stage of construction, and at the same time, the problem of quick return of funds can be solved. Through the analysis of construction drawings and field investigation, as well as the bill of quantities provided, it is expected that the engineering quantity will increase, the unit price will increase appropriately, and the project cost will increase when the final settlement is made. Reduce the unit price of the project with the possible reduction of engineering quantity, and the loss is not great when the project is settled. Contact the design unit, grasp the inside story of the discussion in the design stage, and understand the controversial items that may be changed in the design. Items that can be changed should be reported at a low price. 4 the design drawings are not clear. According to experience, it is estimated that the projects that will increase and the tentative projects that you can contract can be reported higher. For those projects and exploratory projects with vague concepts and possible disputes in the future, it is estimated that you will be unable to undertake them because of professional restrictions. 5. It is clear in the tender documents that the bidder attaches a "comprehensive unit price analysis table of partial and itemized bill of quantities", and it should be noted that the labor and machinery costs in the unit price analysis table are overstated, and the material costs are appropriately understated. Under normal circumstances, materials are often priced by the owners, so that certain benefits can be obtained. 6, special materials and equipment installation project bidding, because the current quoted quota is still the unit price of main materials, auxiliary materials, labor costs, special equipment and materials, the owner may not be familiar with, the market inquiry is difficult, you can increase the unit price of main materials. However, the quotations of common electrical appliances and auxiliary materials are low. In actual construction, in order to ensure the quality, the equipment and materials are often designated brands, and the contractor can use the brand change to ask the owner for the appropriate unit price, which is a way to improve efficiency. 7. For some large-scale phased projects, we can reduce some initial total price, further optimize the design through our own technical advantages, enhance the landscape effect, and pay special attention to the process visa to achieve benefits. Then we can use the social relations, word of mouth and successful experience established in the first phase of construction to continue the construction and save the start-up cost. 8, many defects in the tender documents, beneficial to the bidder and vague errors or wrong terms, when answering questions, pay attention to the strategy, so as not to remind the owner and other bidders. In the construction of the project, we can make use of ambiguity or mistakes to further negotiate in order to maximize the benefits. 9. Technical tender is an important part of tender documents. When the design standards of sub-items can be selected or lowered in various ways, they can be clearly stated in the scheme and can be traced back after winning the bid. Although the application of skills can reduce risks, win the bid or win benefits, you must carefully check the construction drawings and bill of quantities when bidding, especially for projects with low unit price. If the actual engineering quantity increases, it will cause huge economic losses. Therefore, the low unit price should be controlled within a reasonable range, and at the same time avoid causing resentment among the owners. Here are some common skills that may contain the above contents, but can be used for reference: (1) unbalanced quotation method. On the premise of not increasing the total quotation, we can seek ways to improve the economic benefits of settlement by adjusting the quotation of each part of the project (the adjustment range should not be too large). General projects can be settled and collected as soon as possible. It is expected that the unit price will increase for projects with increased quantities in the future. For projects with inaccurate design drawings or inaccurate interpretation of engineering contents, the unbalanced quotation method can be used for tentative projects. The application should be combined with the network analysis and time value analysis of funds. If the bid is won due to the sudden price reduction method, and the total price is reduced only at the time of bid opening, the unbalanced quotation method can be adopted to adjust the unit price or price in the bill of quantities after signing the contract in order to obtain higher benefits. (2) Multi-scheme quotation method. The scope of the project in the tender documents is not clear, and some terms are not clear. In the case of fully considering the risks and meeting the technical requirements of the original bidding documents, if the original proposal is unfair, a new proposal can be put forward for quotation. When quoting, technical and economic comparison should be made between the two schemes, and the quotation of the new scheme should be lower than that of the original scheme, which is conducive to winning the bid. (3) increase the way of proposal. When the tender documents allow bidders to make suggestions, they can make new suggestions on the analysis and design scheme, and bidders can make suggestions that are technically advanced, operationally feasible and economically reasonable. After the proposal is put forward, it should be compared with the original quotation and the quotation should be reduced. (4) Sudden price reduction method. On the premise of fully understanding the bidding information, bidders put forward suggestions to reduce the quotation by optimizing the construction organization design, strengthening internal management and reducing cost consumption, and put forward them before the specified bidding deadline, which is conducive to winning the bid. (5) unprofitable bidding method. If the bidder is likely to win the bid, it plans to subcontract part of the project to the subcontractor with the lowest quotation; Or for projects subject to tender by stages, the former part will win the bid and the latter part will benefit; Or is it a strategy to open up the construction market and reverse the long-term predicament of enterprises? Sixth, the method of losing money first and then making profits. In order to enter a certain area, the contractor relies on its strong capital strength and adopts a low-price bidding scheme that only wins the bid regardless of the cost. The contractor adopting this method must have good credit conditions and the proposed construction scheme is advanced and feasible. Seven, preferential winning method. Propose to the owner to shorten the construction period, improve the quality and reduce the payment conditions, propose new technologies and new design schemes, and provide materials, equipment and instruments (transportation vehicles, living facilities, etc.). ), so as to get the owner's approval and win the bid. When evaluating bids, bidders should not only consider the quotation and technical scheme, but also analyze other conditions, such as time limit for a project and payment terms. Therefore, offering to complete the project ahead of schedule, providing low-interest loans, giving away construction equipment, transferring new technology or a technical patent for free, providing technical cooperation for free, and training personnel on behalf of others are all auxiliary means to attract bidders and help them win the bid.
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Many experts and bidding and measurement of highway engineering construction