Era of Creation: It was created in the Yuan Dynasty. The Ming Dynasty products were the most sophisticated and later imitated in Jingdezhen.
Origin: Produced in the southern part of Shanxi
Year of discontinuation of firing:
Official kiln: Chenghua kiln in the Ming Dynasty, and Jingdezhen imperial kiln began firing in the Qing Dynasty Porcelain-bodied enamel flower ware
Fahua porcelain was originally a kind of pottery-bodied colored ware, and it was also a type of colored glaze. It was a new variety developed on the basis of colored glaze. Lotus ware was created in the late Yuan Dynasty, and the Ming dynasty products are the most sophisticated and numerous.
There are many similarities between its production process, formula and the firing of colored glaze. In ancient times, the production method of Lotus wares used the color painting-leaching powder method
Fahua, also known as Fahua, is a special decorative effect and unique ethnic style that has been popular in southern Shanxi since the mid-Ming Dynasty. Style daily utensils. The body of Lotus ware is exactly the same as that of glazed ware, and the glaze formula is roughly the same as that of glazed ware, except for the difference in flux: sulfur glass uses lead as a flux, while the flux used in Lotus ware is saltpeter. "Nanyao Notes" said: "Falan and Facui... In this dynasty, there was a pottery Sima stationed in Changnan. It is said that these two colors came from Shandong Liuli Kiln. They were made with astringent tires and colored, and then fired in the kiln. . Use stone powder, copper flowers, and tooth salt to make French green, and add green materials to make French green. "The French blue and French green here probably refer to the blue and peacock green of French flowers." In ancient times, Hua and Hua were the same word. Why the word "法" ??is added to the color and when it was first recorded remain to be further studied. Fahua's decoration method is to "use the standing powder technique in painted painting, use a special mud bag with a tube on the surface of the pottery body to outline a convex pattern outline, and then fill it in with yellow, green, and purple glazes. The base, pattern and color are then fired in the kiln" (Gao Shoutian: "Shanxi Glaze", "Cultural Relics", Issues 4 and 5, 1962). The Lotus wares made in Shanxi are generally small vases, incense burners, animals, etc. Jingdezhen also imitated Fahua wares before and after Jiajing, but it was different from Shanxi Fahua. First of all, Jingdezhen uses porcelain bodies while Shanxi Fahua uses pottery bodies, so the firing temperatures are different. Jingdezhen's utensils include bottles, jars, bowls, etc. decorated with flowers, birds, and figures. In terms of the background color of the utensils, the colored glaze is generally yellow and green, but the lotus is mainly purple or malachite green, decorated with yellow, white, and peacock blue patterns, which can highlight the artistic effect.
Enamel glaze pen holder: Enamel refers to a pottery body colored ware that uses potassium nitrate as a cosolvent. It is fired in two steps. First, convex drain powder is used on the pottery body to outline the double The line pattern is then fired into the device, and then the glaze is filled in between the patterns, and then baked at a low temperature. Its glaze colors mainly include peacock blue, malachite green, eggplant purple, yellow and other tones. The main production area of ??enamel is in Shanxi. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the imperial kilns in Jingdezhen began to fire porcelain-bodied enamel vessels, and the glaze color was called "enamel glaze". There are many kinds of enamel, such as enamel yellow, enamel blue, enamel purple, enamel green, etc. The color tone is more exquisite and the artistic expression is stronger than that of pottery enamel flower. During the Kangxi period, the firing of porcelain enamel flower vessels was quite successful, represented by eggplant purple glaze and malachite green glaze. An enamel-glazed pen holder is covered with eggplant purple glaze and decorated with spots of malachite green glaze. , with pictures of weeping willows, rocks and dragonflies carved under the glaze. Glazed products in the Yuan Dynasty include incense burners, lanterns, pavilions, etc. Enamel is a new variety developed on the basis of colored glaze and is a colored pottery vessel. The enamelware has a white-grey body and bright glaze color, and its production method is different from that of colored glaze