There are many items in it. Let's get familiar with the most important and common ones first. Here is a complete biochemical list to introduce to you.
1, liver related examination
Box 1 represents the items of liver examination, in which two indexes that clinicians are most concerned about: alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) are abnormally elevated, suggesting that liver enzymes are abnormal.
We often mention to kidney friends that some drugs are metabolized by the liver, such as some hormones, tripterygium wilfordii, etc., and it is necessary to monitor the "liver function". We are talking about monitoring whether these two items are rising.
In addition, albumin and total protein are also often mentioned in liver-related examinations in our nephrology department.
If there is a large amount of protein leakage in kidney friend's urine, or because of abnormal liver function, malnutrition and other reasons, albumin and total protein in blood test will decrease, and when it is significantly lower than normal, the patient will have edema.
2. Renal function
Box 2 represents renal function. As long as the laboratory level is good, then the renal function of blood test is the most accurate, cheapest and most reflective of renal function problems.
Looking at renal function mainly depends on the value of creatinine (that is, blood creatinine).
Some hospitals will also mark the estimated glomerular filtration rate and calculate it by formula according to creatinine, age and gender. If your hospital is not marked, you can calculate it yourself in the medical formula of the patient side of the handheld nephrologist. According to the calculated values, patients with chronic kidney disease can be divided into stages. The renal line has been said many times, so I won't go into details here. For example, how to distinguish which stage of kidney disease is? ; Is the kidney function good? what do you think? Thorough understanding of renal function examination
The renal function is normal, and the serum creatinine is about 80umol/l in men and 60umol/l in women, but it is also related to the patient's diet and muscle content. People who love to eat meat and are muscular have higher serum creatinine than the general population, while those who are vegetarian for a long time and have underdeveloped muscles have lower values.
Creatinine increased significantly, suggesting that renal function decreased; Low creatinine is related to malnutrition.
3. Glucose
The third glucose, that is, blood sugar, because we usually draw blood on an empty stomach, the glucose here is the fasting blood sugar value, which can only reflect whether the fasting blood sugar is normal or not.
Nowadays, there are many diabetic patients, and diabetes can cause nephropathy, and diabetic nephropathy is the number one cause of dialysis. Patients with kidney disease suffer from diabetes again, which may pose a serious threat to the kidneys. Therefore, it is very necessary for kidney friends to control blood sugar within the target range.
4. Electrolyte
Generally, the electrolytes of kidney friends with normal renal function and mild abnormality are also normal, so people pay less attention to electrolytes.
However, for kidney friends with severe renal insufficiency and uremia, electrolytes are often disordered. Electrolyte disorder, such as common high potassium, is a very critical situation. Therefore, those with obviously abnormal renal function need to monitor electrolytes regularly and deal with them in time.
5, blood lipids
Look at blood lipids. You need to see all four things in the box. For details, please click to read 74 What should I do with blood lipid test?
If the blood fat is high, maybe the doctor will ask you to control your diet and take active exercise to lower your blood fat. Obviously high, most doctors will use lipid-lowering drugs.
Because kidney patients are at high risk of cardiovascular diseases, and controlling blood lipids is very beneficial to cardiovascular diseases, it is very necessary for kidney friends to check their blood lipids regularly and control them within the normal range.