1. Did Luo Guanzhong vilify Zhou Yu? In the Romance of the Three Kingdoms and its folklore and storytelling, in order to set off Zhuge Liang, Zhou Yu was dwarfed, such as borrowing an arrow from a straw boat, and Zhou Yu was even more extravagant, which gave Zhuge Liang the upper hand everywhere. This made Gu Lin's Zhou Yu supporters very unhappy.
One of the charges is: "Luo Guanzhong actually gave Zhou Yu's feather fan black scarf to Nogeliang!" This accusation originated from the preface written by Nie Gannu, a poet in the 20th century, for Romance of the Three Kingdoms, which reads as follows:
"Su Shi's poem" Niannujiao Red Cliff Nostalgia "said:' I think that in Gong Jin, Xiao Qiao got married for the first time, with a handsome figure and a black headscarf, talking and laughing. Every sentence is about Zhou Yu. "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" gave Zhuge Liang a "feather fan black silk scarf" and so on, leaving only Xiao Qiao. "
As it happens, the reader recited Su Shi's Nian Nu Jiao in the middle school Chinese class, and suddenly realized after reading it: Sure enough, the black silk scarf of the feather fan belongs to Zhou Yu, and Luo Guanzhong is too bad! The question is, can you really prove that a story about the Three Kingdoms described in a Ming and Qing novel is false with a sentence from Song Ci?
The so-called feather fan nylon scarf is actually wearing a headscarf made of blue silk and holding a feather fan, which can be regarded as a fashion for ancient literati to dress up and be romantic. But in the Three Kingdoms, there were no black scarves at that time, and most of them were kudzu scarves (headscarves made of kudzu cloth). It was not until the Xie 'an brothers in the Eastern Jin Dynasty made headscarves with blue silk and replaced kudzu scarves with black scarves. At that time, many people dressed like this. Sun Ce conquered Jiangdong and sent feather fans to surrender to Hua Xin, the satrap of Zhang Yu. The feather fan surrendered with a shawl, and then Hua Xin also surrendered with a shawl to Sun Ce. Later, Cao Cao sent Jiang Gan to drop Zhou Yu, and he also went with a cloth towel.
Is there a clear record of "feather fan towel" in history? Yes, and it is Zhuge Liang, not Zhou Yu. Pei Qi, a scholar in A Jin, said in Pei that when Zhuge Liang was at war with Sima Yi on the Wei River, "Wu Hou took Su Yu and Fan to command the three armed forces, and all three armed forces followed them." This should be the origin of Zhuge Liang's image of expressing his feelings in later generations.
It can be seen that the appearance of "feather fan towel" really belongs to Zhuge Liang. Although it is not a patent to know Ge Liang, the most influential feather fan towel is Zhuge Liang. Zhou Yu has no record of feather fan and kudzu towel in history books. Of course, Zhou's commander-in-chief is a Confucian general and charming. Su Dongpo used a "feather fan black silk scarf" to supplement Zhou Yu's brain when he was feeling at Chibi, which was not outrageous. But we must not rely on Su Dongpo's words to say that Luo Guanzhong robbed Zhou Yu's equipment to Zhuge Liang. If you want to know Sue's romantic nature, how can you take his words as the historical basis?
In addition, there is one more thing. Zhou Yu in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms was vilified as "jealous of the virtuous and talented, with poor character". In fact, this is also a misunderstanding.
Luo Guanzhong's writing about Zhou Yu is really narrow-minded and short-sighted. But even from the perspective of Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Zhou Yu is by no means a jealous person. He deliberately framed Zhuge Liang, not because he was jealous, but because he was worried that Zhuge Liang would pose a threat to Jiangdong in the future. So he will let Lu Su and Zhu Gejin try to persuade Zhuge Liang to go to Jiangdong. If so, Zhou Yu will never be jealous of Zhuge Liang's talent, but will happily cooperate with him. This can be seen from Zhou Yu's attitude towards Pang Tong. According to the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Pang Tong, a "strange man in the wind", is as famous as Zhuge Liang, and his talent is also above Zhou Yu. He has no doubt about him, but he respects him very much. In the story of storytelling, Zhou Yu recommended Pang Tong to assist Sun Quan before he died, which can be described as respecting and caring for talents. How can there be traces of jealousy?
In The Romance of The Three Kingdoms, it is poor Pang Tong who is really jealous. In history, Pang Tong was cheerful and open-minded and kind to others. As a result, he was written in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, with a strong sense of inferiority and conceit. He was bent on competing with Zhuge Liang, taking Yi's bitter words as "Kong Ming was afraid that I would take advantage and rob the work", and even openly spoke ill of Zhuge Liang in front of Liu Bei, and finally died tragically in Luo Fengpo.
2. What is the purpose of Luo Guanzhong's vilification of Zhou Yu? Is Zhou Yu really angry with Zhuge Liang in history? The answer is no, Zhou Yu is not only narrow-minded, but also outstanding, not necessarily worse than Zhuge Liang, let alone jealous of Zhuge Liang, because Zhuge Liang should be jealous of Zhou Yu.
Why do I have this statement? First of all, Zhou Yu, a handsome man, never denied this in history books or romance of the Three Kingdoms, but admitted it. But in these two books, it is said that Zhuge Liang is tall, and then there is no description. It can be seen that Zhou Yu crushed Zhuge Liang in appearance.
Just spell appearance, now spell talent. You said Zhuge Liang could play the piano, and once used an empty plan to scare Sima Yi away. I don't know if Zhuge Liang used an empty plan, but Zhuge Liang failed completely in playing the piano. I believe anyone familiar with history knows that Zhou Yu is a master of music. In order to give his younger brother a life experience, Sun Ce bought him a band, which is more than Zhou Yu's music.
Then let's compare it with the meritorious military service. Although Zhuge Liang won several battles, there were not many battles that really decided the outcome. Look at Zhou Yu again. Zhou Yu helped Sun Ce, who laid the foundation of Jiangdong in ten years. Basically, Sun Quan later ate Sun Ce's capital. Even Liu Bei is full of praise for Zhou Yu. How can he say such a narrow-minded and jealous thing? According to the truth, it should be "Yu Sheng when he is bright". But why did Luo Guanzhong black Zhou Yu?
Of course, future generations will never guess what Luo Guanzhong thought. So it's just speculation. An anecdote may answer this question. It is said that Luo Guanzhong took part in the imperial examination, but failed many times. But a classmate named Zhou, who took a random exam, became a big official. This made Luo Guanzhong very jealous. In order to vent their dissatisfaction, Zhou Yu, a famous man in history, was written as a jealous person and let him die young. It can be said that Mr. Luo is very lovely.
Of course, it's not just such speculation. There is also a saying that when Luo Guanzhong wrote his own book, he was jealous of the character he wrote. When he was writing Zhou Yu, he found that Zhou Yu was not only atmospheric, elegant and talented, but also outstanding in both civil and military aspects. Not only that, you said he was handsome, but also the second generation of officials. Are you angry? What's more irritating is that I married the beautiful little Joe forever. This is not a winner in life. What is this? Seeing that Zhou Yu is so excellent, it is impossible for Luo Guanzhong to say that he is not jealous. Faced with such an excellent and impeccable person, Luo Guanzhong said to himself that it is impossible not to be jealous. Even modern readers can't help but marvel at these records. He is a perfect man. Unfortunately, he died young. In order to maintain psychological balance, Luo Guanzhong can only rely on his own literary works, so in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Zhou Yu's words are half praise and half disparagement. For Zhou Yu's achievements, Luo Guanzhong still recorded them truthfully, but for his personality, he made a slight change, and created another more vivid Zhou Yu, instead of the perfect Zhou Yu like a fairy in the sky. It can be said that the characters created by Luo Guanzhong are very successful.
In my personal opinion, the reason why Luo Guanzhong attacked Zhou Yu is because of the need of novels. Of course, I don't rule out Luo Guanzhong's inner imbalance. Such a perfect person, a character without any shortcomings, can't write a novel, so he chose local uglification to make the novel more vivid. Obviously, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms written by Luo Guanzhong was successful, and it also shaped a more grounded Zhou Yu.
3. How did Zhou Yu die in history? After Battle of Red Cliffs, Zhou Yu gave Sun Quan an idea to put Liu Bei under house arrest and directly manage the army subordinates of Liu Bei's camp. Sun Quan thought that Cao Cao still needed to be contained in the north, but Liu Bei was afraid that it would be difficult to control and did not adopt it.
In the 15th year of Jian 'an (2 10), Sun Quan approved Zhou Yu's plan to conquer Yizhou. Zhou Yu returned to Jiangling and went to Baqiu (now Yueyang, Hunan), and died suddenly at the age of 36 [29]. Sun Quan shouted: "Gong Jin has the wealth of Wang Zuo, but his life span is very short. What can I rely on? " He personally put on mourning clothes to mourn for Zhou Yu and was moved left and right. When Zhou Yu's coffin was transported back to Wu Jun, Sun Quan personally went to Wuhu to meet him, and all funeral expenses were borne by the state. After the sun rose, he said to Gong Qing, "Without Gong Jin, I can't be an emperor."