(1) the industrial revolution has catalyzed the international division of labor, which has made the production and consumption of all countri
(1) the industrial revolution has catalyzed the international division of labor, which has made the production and consumption of all countries in the world. (2 points) train; (1 min) ship; The wide application of electric power. (2 points)
(2) The fields of science and technology permeate each other, and the development of one technology leads to several technological revolutions. (2 points); Liu Jun, a professor at Hunan Normal University, bred Xiangyun crucian carp and Xiangyun carp. Huang Boyun, a professor at Central South University, is engaged in the research and development of new materials such as powder metallurgy. (What else can meet the meaning of the question, for example, 2 points)
Test analysis:
(1) This topic examines the influence of the industrial revolution. 1840 or so, Britain took the lead in completing the industrial revolution, followed by France, the United States and other countries, and other countries in the world carried out the industrial revolution sooner or later. The industrial revolution has promoted the great leap of social productive forces, and mankind has entered the era of big machine industry; It greatly improved labor productivity, provided a strong material foundation for consolidating the achievements of bourgeois revolution, expanded the capitalist mode of production and even spread to all parts of the world, and finally capitalism defeated feudalism; At the same time, capitalist countries stepped up colonial expansion and plunder, and Asian, African and Latin American countries became their colonies and raw materials producing areas. Western capitalist countries that took the lead in completing the industrial revolution gradually established their rule over the world, and the East began to belong to the West, and the world formed a situation in which the West was advanced and the East was backward. At the same time, it marks the initial formation of the capitalist world market. Materials catalyze the international division of labor, which makes the production and consumption of all countries in the world, which reflects that the industrial revolution has greatly promoted the process of economic globalization. The invention and use of the steam engine also promoted the development of transportation. Stephen Sun of England invented the train, and Fulton of America invented the ship, which made it easier to travel across the Atlantic to Europe. After 70s of 19, the second industrial revolution began to rise again. This revolution is mainly marked by the wide application of electric power and internal combustion engine, which indicates that mankind has entered the electrical age.
(2) This paper investigates the characteristics of the third scientific and technological revolution. Compared with the previous two scientific and technological revolutions, the third scientific and technological revolution has the following characteristics: first, this revolution not only produced a lot of scientific achievements, but also greatly accelerated the transformation from science and technology to productivity and shortened the process of transforming knowledge into material wealth; Secondly, various fields of science and technology permeate each other, and the development of one technology causes several technological revolutions; Third, new technology has become the most active factor in social productive forces. Among various factors that promote economic growth, the proportion of scientific and technological progress is rising.
Hunan scientists and their great contributions in this scientific and technological revolution are as follows: Professor Chen and Professor Chen founded Diwa Theory. Diwa theory has opened up a new field of geotectonic research, guided the production practice such as prospecting, and had an important influence in the international geological field; From 65438 to 0973, Yuan Longping successfully cultivated indica hybrid rice in Anjiang Agricultural School. Later, hybrid rice was applied to large-scale production. From 65438 to 0979, hybrid rice was transferred to the United States as the first agricultural technology patent in China, which made great contributions to solving the problem of human eating. Hybrid rice is called "the fifth invention" of China, and it has won many awards in the world. Yuan Longping and mathematician Professor Wu Wenjun won the first National Science and Technology Award in 2000; At the end of the 20th century, the cooperative team led by Professor Liu Jun of Hunan Normal University used the bioengineering technology combining cell engineering and sexual hybridization to cultivate triploid crucian carp and carp, which were later called "Xiangyun crucian carp". This kind of fish has high economic value. It was listed in the National 863 High-tech Development Project and the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" major industrialization project; Professor Huang Boyun of Central South University has made outstanding contributions in the field of powder metallurgy materials. A new technology for preparing high-performance carbon/carbon aviation brake materials was researched and invented, which provided key materials for high-performance aircraft brake equipment and space rocket engines. Professor Huang Boyun won the first prize of national technological invention in 2004, and in 2005, he was named the person who moved China by CCTV.