Bevel gear processing machine tool-processing straight bevel gears: gear planer, gear milling machine and gear broaching machine. Machining spiral bevel gears: gear milling machine. Machining tooth line with extended involute: bevel gear milling machine. Gear tooth surface finishing: honing machine, shaving machine and grinding machine. Hob is used for rough and finish machining straight teeth, helical teeth, herringbone gears and worm gears by generating method, with wide machining range and high precision or productivity. Gear shaper is used to process spur gears, helical gears and other tooth-shaped parts by generating method with gear shaper cutter, which is mainly used to process multi-link gears and internal gears. The gear milling machine is machined by dividing method with forming milling cutter, which is mainly used for machining instrument gears with special tooth profile; Gear shaving machine is an efficient machine tool for finishing gears with gear shaving knives. Gear grinding machine is a high-precision machine tool for dressing hardened cylindrical gear or gear cutter tooth surface with grinding wheel; Honing machine is a machine tool to eliminate burrs and other tooth surface defects of hardened gear by using the free meshing between honing wheel and machined gear. Gear extruder is a machine tool that uses the free meshing between the high-hardness and non-cutting edge extrusion wheel and the workpiece to grind the tiny unevenness on the tooth surface to improve the accuracy and smoothness. Gear chamfering machine is a machine tool for chamfering the tooth ends of internal and external meshing sliding gears, and it is an indispensable processing equipment for producing gear gearboxes and other gear shifting mechanisms. The cylindrical gear processing machine tool also includes a gear hot rolling mill and a gear cold rolling mill.
The invention is mainly used for machining the teeth of bevel gears such as straight teeth, helical teeth, arc teeth and extended epicycloid teeth.
Straight bevel gear planer is a machine tool for rough and finish machining straight bevel gears by generating method with paired gear planers, and some machine tools can also plane spiral bevel gears, which is the most widely used in small and medium batch production. Milling the left and right tooth surfaces in the same tooth slot by the grinding disc generating method with two staggered cutter teeth has high production efficiency and is suitable for mass production. Due to the relative motion between the milling cutter head and the workpiece in the toothless length direction, the bottom of the milled tooth slot is round, and the machining module and tooth width are limited. This machine tool can also be equipped with automatic loading and unloading device to realize single machine automation.
Straight bevel gear broaching and milling machine is a machine tool that cuts tooth grooves from solid wheel blank in one rotation of large diameter broaching and milling gear disc by molding method. It is the machine tool with the highest productivity among bevel gear processing machines. Because the cutter is complex and expensive, and each workpiece needs a special cutter head, it is only suitable for mass production. Machine tools are generally equipped with automatic loading and unloading devices.
Spiral bevel gear milling machine takes spiral bevel gear milling disc as machine tool, and carries out rough and finish machining on spiral bevel gear and hypoid gear according to generating method. There are variants such as fine cutting machine, rough cutting machine and broaching machine.
Spiral bevel gear grinding machine is a machine tool used to grind hardened spiral bevel gears to improve accuracy and smoothness. Its structure is similar to that of spiral bevel gear milling machine, but it is also possible to grind hypoid gears with grinding wheel instead of grinding disc and with grinding wheel dresser. A machine tool for continuously indexing and cutting teeth by using extended epicycloidal bevel gear grinding disc or double-cutter combined end grinding disc. When cutting teeth, both the cutter head of the milling cutter and the workpiece of the shaking table do continuous rotary motion, and at the same time, the shaking table does feed motion to process a workpiece, and the shaking table reciprocates once. The continuous rotation of the milling cutter head and the workpiece makes the workpiece obtain a certain number of teeth and form a tooth length curve. The rotation of the vibration table is combined with the additional motion of the workpiece to produce generating motion, so that the workpiece can obtain the tooth profile curve.
Conical hob for quasi-involute bevel gear milling machine, a machine tool for continuous indexing and tooth cutting according to generating method. When cutting teeth, taper hob uses large end cutting first, and then uses small diameter end cutting. In order to ensure the consistent cutting speed in the whole cutting process, the machine tool controls the speed of the hob through a stepless speed change device. When cutting teeth, the shaking table, hob and workpiece all do continuous rotary motion to process the workpiece, and the shaking table reciprocates once. The vibration table and the rotation of the workpiece generate generating motion through the differential mechanism, so that the workpiece can obtain the tooth profile curve with the same height along the tooth length.
The supporting equipment of bevel gear processing machine tool includes a grinder for grinding milling cutter and broach, a gear grinding machine for grinding paired bevel gears, a bevel gear rolling inspection machine for checking meshing contact of paired bevel gears, and a quenching press for preventing heat treatment deformation of teeth.
Motion analysis of gear hobbing machine
The most widely used gear processing machine tools are mostly vertical. Machining: Horizontal gear hobbing machine with straight and helical external meshing cylindrical gear and worm gear, used for machining small module gears in instrument industry and shaft gears and spline shafts in general machinery manufacturing industry. It is evolved from the meshing transmission principle of a pair of staggered helical gears. In this meshing transmission pair, the number of teeth of one gear is reduced to several or one, and the helix angle β is greatly increased (that is, the helix angle ω is very small), and it becomes a worm. Then shovel the worm slot back, and it becomes a gear hob.