What are the countermeasures to solve the financing dilemma of private enterprises?

The countermeasures to solve the external financing problem of SMEs are: 1. Improve small and medium-sized borrowing capacity. According to the requirements of "Guidelines for Due Diligence of Credit Granting to Small Enterprises in Commercial Banks" issued by CBRC in June 2006, the external financing of small and medium-sized enterprises is mainly loans from commercial banks, and the banking system has undergone major changes. In order to solve their own financing problems, small and medium-sized enterprises should establish a management model that meets the requirements of market economy as soon as possible. Improve the corporate governance structure, standardize business practices, constantly improve the management level, enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises, enhance the concept of integrity, and establish a new relationship between banks and enterprises. (1) Improve the management system of small and medium-sized enterprises and improve their credit. Small and medium-sized enterprises should start with standardizing the enterprise system, establish their own organizational form and standardized management system, and achieve sound internal management system, standardized management and standardized operation. In the enterprise distribution system, establish a performance-centered management system. Really establish a modern enterprise management mechanism that adapts to the development of market economy. Small and medium-sized enterprises should win the recognition of their management level and sustainable development ability from banks. At the same time, standardize the enterprise financial system, improve the level of enterprise financial management, and strengthen the authenticity of financial information and the transparency of financial management. Small and medium-sized enterprises must strengthen their credit awareness and strengthen their own credit construction. We should take honesty as the foundation, improve our own credit level, firmly establish the concept that debts must be repaid, repay the principal and interest on time, and regard credit as an intangible asset. On the one hand, provide comprehensive and accurate financial information to the society in accordance with regulations, and put an end to malicious evasion of bank debts and arrears of interest; On the other hand, actively strengthen cooperation with financial institutions, establish honesty and morality, and repay the principal and interest of loans on time. Only in this way can we get more extensive financing support, establish a good relationship between banks and enterprises, and create conditions for enterprise financing. (2) Implementing scale operation to improve the solvency and core competitiveness of SMEs. At present, the tertiary industry is still dominant in small and medium-sized enterprises, but the primary and secondary industries are also developing rapidly. Small and medium-sized enterprises should form specialized, regionalized and large-scale production and realize large-scale operation. At the same time, strengthen technological innovation, pay attention to technological transformation, improve the scientific and technological content of products, so as to improve competitiveness. Make bold innovations in the development and application of new products, the transfer of scientific and technological achievements, and the processing of agricultural and sideline products. Business areas should break through the limitations of traditional industries, and gradually extend from traditional industries such as catering, commodity circulation and construction to new fields such as advertising, brokerage, electronic information and technology. Small and medium-sized enterprises should pay attention to their own capital accumulation, reduce their dependence on external funds, spend a considerable part of their profits on capital increase, and gradually increase the proportion of their own funds in their capital. 2. Improve the external financing environment of small and medium-sized enterprises (1) and improve the intermediary financing institution system. According to relevant national laws and regulations, commercial banks should provide financing service products suitable for the financing conditions of small and medium-sized enterprises, such as providing detailed estimation services of loan methods and loan amounts for small and medium-sized enterprises, so as to alleviate the problem of insufficient funds for small and medium-sized enterprises to some extent. In practice, we should improve the credit evaluation system of small and medium-sized enterprises as soon as possible, so as not to mess with loans or miss loans. While legalizing private financing, the state also strengthens supervision to avoid disorder of financial markets. Improve the mortgage guarantee system, innovate loan guarantee methods and improve the guarantee system. Break through the limitation of traditional guarantee methods and accept private enterprises' own intangible assets (including brands, trademarks and patents) and collective land use rights as guarantees; Accept the guarantee provided by the business owner for small and medium-sized enterprises with his property or rights. According to the characteristics of small and medium-sized enterprises, we should appropriately expand the scope of credit loans, allow mortgage or pledge of real estate, pledge of accounts receivable agreed by factories, merchants and banks, and broaden the mortgage guarantee methods for small and medium-sized enterprises as much as possible. At the same time, improve the information advantage and anti-risk ability of mortgage guarantee institutions, so as to make more accurate risk decisions. The main problem of SME credit guarantee financing is risk identification and prevention. This requires the establishment of financial and insurance institutions to spread financing risks. Financial and insurance institutions should be established to provide risk guarantee for every loan business undertaken by banks and other institutions, and the insurance should be funded by banks and other institutions in proportion to the loan. Financial and insurance institutions investigate the credit status of small and medium-sized enterprises, provide information to banks, and determine the insured amount according to the credit status of enterprises. Once small and medium-sized enterprises fail to repay their loans on time, financial and insurance institutions will bear a considerable part according to the insurance contract. The intervention of this intermediary can not only spread the financing risk, but also reduce the pressure of non-performing loans of financial institutions such as banks. Local governments and enterprises can also inject and issue bonds to the society with the same capital contribution or with the budgets of the central and local governments, and set up guarantee companies, which are responsible for investigating, evaluating and providing the credit status of enterprises that lend to commercial banks, providing guarantees for qualified enterprises, and their guarantee behavior is subject to the supervision of government agencies; Or small and medium-sized enterprises jointly set up membership guarantee institutions, with the same capital, at their own risk, self-service, joint insurance and mutual insurance, closed operation, to provide standardized and effective guarantees for small and medium-sized enterprises loans. Or establish a small and medium-sized enterprise development fund for new product development and new technology application, and provide loan interest subsidies and loan guarantees. (2) Establish a good social credit environment. In the absence of credit in the whole society, it is difficult to solve the financing problem by relying on banks or enterprises. The central bank, the government and enterprises all have the responsibility and obligation to establish a good credit environment. Establish and improve the social credit system and establish the national credit system: through specialized agencies, carry out joint credit investigation business, collect credit information of individuals and various enterprises from enterprises, individuals, finance, finance, taxation, industry and commerce, quality supervision and other departments in an all-round way, and make credit records. Establishing the credit record system of individuals and enterprises can make relevant financial institutions enjoy credit information resources, make the credit status of enterprises and individuals more transparent, and reduce the information cost and risk pricing cost. At the same time, it also increases the default cost of enterprises and individuals, prompting them to take the initiative to restrain themselves. This measure has a certain effect on solving the root problems in the financing environment of SMEs.