(1) Tang Dynasty, Five Dynasties, the early years of Northern Song Dynasty-the birth period of Song Ci.
Ci first appeared in the Tang Dynasty, and it was simply called "Quzi Ci" after the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties. For example, Bodhisattva Man written by Li Bai, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, and Memories of Jiangnan written by Bai Juyi and Liu Yuxi all belong to the earliest literati ci works, and they are also the seeds of the formation of ci style.
(2) The period from the mid-Northern Song Dynasty to the Southern Song Dynasty-the development period of Song Ci.
In the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, with the development of economy, the urban population became increasingly concentrated, and the poets in the Northern Song Dynasty knew more about melody, and they could tune their own songs and be good at writing lyrics, so the ci tune flourished. During this period, Song Ci began to develop rapidly as a new style.
(3) Early Southern Song Dynasty-the heyday of Song Ci.
From Ci to the early Southern Song Dynasty, unprecedented prosperity began to appear. During this period, many famous works appeared in the field of ci. The main representative poets in this period are Xin Qiji, Lu You, Jiang Kui and others. They made the content of Ci more extensive and profound, and the style more vigorous, thus pushing the creation of Song Ci to the peak.
(4) Late Southern Song Dynasty-the decline of Song Ci.
Ci developed to the late Southern Song Dynasty, and began to decline due to the reasons of the times and the change of literati status. In addition, in the new era, a large number of new kinds of music and opera began to appear, which led to the loss of the central position of music literature and art in the previously prosperous Song Ci. Therefore, its development trend can only be downward.
Extended data
First, the experience of Song Ci:
1, Quzi Ci originated from the folk, and vulgarity is its natural tendency. Due to the rediscovery of a large number of "Qu Zi Ci" in Dunhuang Grottoes, Ci originated from the people.
2. As the main direction of Song Ci creation, "getting rid of vulgarity and restoring elegance" has never been conscious from sporadic efforts to the formation of creative schools, from creative practice to emergence.
3. Su Shi's "Poetry into Ci" combines the lyricist's emotion with the poet's ambition very well. It was Su Shi who narrowed the distance between words and poems, highlighted "ambition" and restored the lofty elegance of Tang poetry. Therefore, the elegance of words has also made an essential breakthrough.
Secondly, Song Ci is a bright pearl in the crown of China ancient literature and a fragrant and gorgeous garden in Yuen Long, an ancient literature in China. With colorful and varied charm, she competes with Tang poetry and Yuanqu, and has always been said to be as famous as Tang poetry, representing the prosperity of a generation of literature. Later, there was a book with the same name, Song Ci.
Therefore, "Song Ci", as a unique literary style, has been deeply loved by people, leaving endless regrets. However, it is undeniable that Song Ci occupies a very important position in the history of literature, which represents the victory of a generation of literature.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Song Ci