The above-listed majors are all undergraduate majors with a wide range of directions. The graduate majors are relatively more detailed and highly targeted. In general, aerospace is a highly engineering industry in which many cutting-edge technologies are concentrated. Because of this, the design and manufacturing of aircraft requires a huge investment of financial resources and manpower, and it takes a long time to accumulate to achieve scale. This nature determines that this is an industry that is very sensitive to national plans and policies and requires direct support from the state. As far as the current situation in our country is concerned, aerospace is suitable for the planned economy, because aircraft manufacturing often violates the laws of the market economy. To use a popular saying in the industry, it is called "aviation parts, regardless of cost."
The aerospace industry is an extremely large, complex, and comprehensive system engineering. Therefore, broadly speaking, the aerospace major is a comprehensive major that basically covers science, engineering, liberal arts and other fields, such as materials. major, electronic engineering major, automatic control major, manufacturing major, etc. Taking Harbin Institute of Technology as an example, it has set up automation, engineering mechanics, composite materials and engineering majors, electronic science and technology, optical information science and technology and other related majors for aerospace.
Currently, 21 general universities, including Harbin Institute of Technology, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, and Tsinghua University, have launched aerospace majors. The majors have also developed from the initial four to cover all disciplines of aerospace science, gradually forming It has established a pattern in which national key universities and local universities jointly cultivate aerospace talents at different levels. At the same time, the training of aerospace talents has also formed a complete academic education system from bachelor's degree, master's degree to doctorate.
First of all, aerospace colleges are not equal to military schools. In our country, in addition to the colleges and universities affiliated with the military, there are already 21 colleges and universities with aerospace majors. Among them, 6 colleges and universities affiliated to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology include Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, and Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. There are 7 universities under the Ministry of Education, including Tsinghua University, Xiamen University, and Hunan University, 7 universities under the Ministry of Transport, including the Civil Aviation University of China, and 7 universities under the local jurisdiction, including Changchun University, Shanghai University of Engineering and Technology, and Nanchang Hangkong University. Among these colleges and universities, some colleges and universities recruit national defense students, and the admission of candidates who apply for national defense students is the same early batch admission as that of military academies.
Secondly, studying aerospace is not just for boys. In the admission brochures of the above-mentioned 21 colleges and universities, there is no problem of gender discrimination and not admitting girls to relevant majors. After entering college, boys and girls study the same way. In some colleges and universities, girls' academic performance is often better than that of boys; in terms of practical ability, girls are also "women and men". For example, in the Beihang Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, the proportion of female students in the "Beihang-1" sounding rocket project team that undergraduates independently participated in and the team that participated in the "Feng Ru Cup" science and technology competition is much higher than the proportion of male and female students in school.
Third, the aerospace major is not to train pilots or astronauts. Among these colleges and universities, Beihang has established a major to train pilots. This does not mean that the training goal of the aerospace major in colleges and universities is pilots or astronauts. Its training goal is technical and management talents in the field of aerospace engineering. Except for the pilot major, which has certain height and gender requirements, other majors do not have such restrictions. The physical requirements for candidates in the aerospace major are uniformly implemented in the "Physical Examination Guidance for Admissions to General Colleges and Universities" issued by the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Health, and the China Disabled Persons' Federation.
The requirements for students in the aerospace major are "thick foundation, strong ability, high quality, and emphasis on innovation." Students must learn and master the basic theories and knowledge of aerospace technology and receive systematic training in aerospace vehicle engineering. Through various practical teaching links, they can have a solid theoretical foundation, good practical ability and ability to analyze and solve problems. capabilities, and innovation capabilities. Graduates have a solid foundation in mathematics, physics, mechanics, computers, etc., and have obvious advantages in logic, analysis, spatial imagination, reasoning and other thinking. They have a wide range of knowledge, strong adaptability and great development potential. The proportion of undergraduate graduates admitted to postgraduate programs is very high, and the success rate of applying for foreign university scholarships is also high.