(1) Overview
Anchor drilling rigs are widely used in the construction of large-tonnage prestressed anchoring projects and drainage holes in hydropower stations, railways, and highway slopes, as well as in the prevention of landslides, rock collapse, etc. Geological disaster control projects, etc., are also suitable for the construction of high-pressure jet spray guide holes.
MGJ-50 anchor engineering drilling rig is a mechanical power head type, hydraulic feed engineering drilling rig. The machine has long feeding range, large drilling capacity, convenient operation and relocation, and novel structure. With its characteristics, it is an ideal and practical model for bolt reinforcement projects and other engineering geological drilling.
(2) Characteristics of anchor drilling rig
1. MGJ-50 anchor engineering drilling rig
MGJ-50 anchor engineering drilling rig is a power head Form, mechanical transmission, hydraulic feeding and lifting. Drilling angle in a plane: motor vertical and elevation angle (80°); diesel engine vertical and horizontal (90°) drilling construction at any angle. The power head speed has low speed type and high speed type: the low speed type is mainly used for impact rotary (down-the-hole hammer) drilling. The machine base is available in two forms: skid and tire for users to choose from. The drilling speed of this machine in silty clay is 15-20m/h.
2. YTM87 soil anchor drilling rig
YTM87 soil anchor drilling rig is a fully hydraulic drilling rig with tire chassis and electric drive. Both dry drilling with auger drill pipe and wet drilling with protective wall casing can be used. The machine can drill at any angle in the horizontal and vertical directions.
3. QC-100 Pneumatic Impact Anchor Drilling Rig
The working principle of the QC-100 Pneumatic Impact Anchor Drilling Rig is: the pneumatic impactor is used to drive the hammer head. By continuously hitting the anchor pipe, extruding the hole and installing the anchor rod are completed simultaneously. The wall of the anchor pipe is pre-drilled (hole diameter 8~15mm, spacing 150~200mm). After driving it in, the soil in the steel pipe is washed away with water, and the mouth can be grouted under pressure. This machine is suitable for pebble layer, gravel layer, mixed soil layer, mixed covering layer, as well as clay layer and sand layer. Hole forming speed: medium-dense pebble layer 300mm/min, other loose media 1000mm/min. The machine is light in weight, easy to carry and low in cost.
(3) Models and technical performance of anchor drilling rigs
The models and technical performance of several special anchor drilling rigs are shown in Table 4-17.
Table 4-17 Main technical performance of anchor drilling rig
(4) MGJ-50 anchor drilling rig
This drilling rig is mainly suitable for soil and rock anchors Construction of drilling projects such as poles, roadbeds, dam foundations, retaining wall reinforcements and blast holes.
1. Main features of the drilling rig
1) This drilling rig is a mechanical power head drilling rig. The drilling diameter is mainly 110~130mm (the maximum can reach 180mm). With a depth of 60m, it can drill holes at any angle between vertical and horizontal. When using the motor as power, after simple adjustment, this machine can also drill holes from 0° to 90° horizontally upward.
2) The feeding range is up to 2300mm, and a 2m long drill pipe can be used. In order to meet the needs of special users with narrow construction spaces, there are also short mast and ultra-short mast models with shorter feeding ranges.
3) Using rotary or impact rotary drilling methods, drilling efficiency is high.
4) The structure is simple, novel, light in weight, easy to operate, and easy to transport and move.
2. Main technical parameters
(1) Power machine
The power machine of this drilling rig can be equipped with an electric motor or a diesel engine according to the nature of the project. The parameters of the power machine equipped with the drilling rig are shown in Table 4-18.
Table 4-18 Parameter table of equipped power machine
(2) Basic parameters
Drilling diameter: mainly 130mm (up to 180mm).
Drilling depth: 60m.
Drilling angle: any angle between vertical and horizontal (when using the motor as power, it can also drill holes from 0° to 90° horizontally upward with simple adjustment).
Drill pipe: φ50mm or φ73mm; length 2m or 1.2m (for short mast models), 0.8m (for ultra-short mast models).
Lifting capacity: rated 22.0kN.
Pressure capacity: rated 14.6kN.
Lifting speed: 0.259m/s.
Maximum torque: 2.8kN·m (when using a motor and the output speed of the power head is 32r/min).
(3) Power head
Form: mechanical transmission power head.
Rotation speed: ① When using an electric motor as power, the speed of the drilling rig is shown in Table 4-19; ② When using a diesel engine as power, the speed of the drilling rig is shown in Table 4-20.
Table 4-19 Tachometer when using electric motor as power
Table 4-20 Tachometer when using diesel engine as power
Power head stroke: 2300mm or 1500mm (short mast model), 800mm (ultra short mast model).
(4) Oil pump
Model: SCB32/12 double gear pump.
Displacement: 32+12L/min.
Rated speed: 1500r/min.
Working pressure: 8MPa.
Maximum pressure: 10MPa.
(5) Mass (excluding power machine)
900kg or 830kg (short mast model), 800kg (ultra short mast model).
(6) Overall dimensions
When working with vertical holes: length × width × height is 1990mm × 1150mm × 3525mm or 1990mm × 1150mm × 2725mm (short mast model), 1990mm × 1150mm×2325mm (ultra short mast model).
When working with horizontal holes (transportation state): length × width × height is 3525mm × 1150mm × 1225mm or 2725mm × 1150mm × 1225mm (short mast model), 2325mm × 1150mm × 1225mm (ultra short mast model) type).
3. Overall structure and its main components
MGJ50 anchor engineering drilling rig is a mechanical transmission, hydraulic feeding mechanical power head drilling rig. The overall structure and main components are The lubricating parts are shown in Figure 4-28.
(1) Composition of drilling rig
Drilling rig consists of clutch and power, gearbox and transmission shaft, power head, mast, frame, hydraulic system and other components. All components are centralized Installed on the frame, the loading method can be skid type or steel wheel track type.
(2) Drilling rig transmission system
The drilling rig transmission system is shown in Figure 4-29. The power passes through the elastic coupling and friction clutch to the gearbox - the power head, which drives the drilling tool to rotate. The drilling rig has four forward and reverse speeds, and the sequence of each speed transmission route is as follows:
First speed :Power machine→Clutch→Z1→Z2→Z8→Z7→Z11→Z12→Z13→Z14→Z15→Z16→Z17→Z18→Z19.
Second speed: power machine→clutch→Z1→Z2→Z4→Z3→Z11→Z12→Z13→Z14→Z15→Z16→Z17→Z18→Z19.
Figure 4-28 The overall structure and main components of the drilling rig, and the lubrication parts of the drilling rig
Ⅰ—Clutch and power; Ⅱ—Gearbox and transmission shaft; Ⅲ—Power head; Ⅳ— Mast; V—frame; VI—hydraulic system; 1—pressurized system lower sprocket; 2—oil pump bracket; 3—clutch separation claw; 4—piston rod sprocket mechanism; 5—power head slide; 6—hexagonal transmission Shaft sleeve; 7—oil cylinder hanging shaft; 8—hexagonal drive shaft upper bearing; 9—pressurization system upper sprocket; 10—gearbox rotating shaft; 11—outrigger bearing and screw; 12—guide and moving wheel bearing
Three speeds: power machine→clutch→Z1→Z2→Z6→Z5→Z11→Z12→Z13→Z14→Z15→Z16→Z17→Z18→Z19.
Four speeds: power machine→clutch→Z1→Z3→Z11→Z12→Z13→Z14→Z15→Z16→Z17→Z18→Z19.
Reverse speed: power machine→clutch→Z1→Z2→Z8→Z10→Z9→Z7→Z11→Z12→Z13→Z14→Z15→Z16→Z17→Z18→Z19.
Figure 4-29 Schematic diagram of the transmission system
4. Drilling rig clutch and power
The drilling rig is powered by an S1100 diesel engine or a Y160M-4 electric motor. The shaft joint is connected to the clutch driving plate and outputs power, and drives the oil pump to rotate through two B-type belts (part J5) to supply oil to the drilling rig's hydraulic system.
(1) Clutch
The clutch is a typical dry double-leaf spring pressed normally closed friction clutch, as shown in Figure 4-30. Features: simple structure and easy operation.
Figure 4-30 Clutch structure diagram
1—dust cover; 2—set; 3—power machine assembly; 4—driven half coupling; 5—clutch housing; 6—Separation claw; 7—Bearing cap
J1—Retaining ring; J2—Pillar pin; J3—Elastic ring; J4—Washer; J5—Oil pump transmission device; J6—Friction plate assembly; J7— Medium pressure plate; J8 - clutch pressure plate; J9 - spring; J10 - separation lever; J11 - bushing; J12 - pin; J13 - control device; J14 - torsion spring; J15 - adjusting screw; J16 - washer; J17 - carbon spring ;
B1—Nut M8;B2—Washer 8;B3—Nut M16;B4—Washer 16;B5—Backup ring 52;B6—Bearing;B7—Bolt;B8—Backup ring 62;B9— Bearing; B10—felt ring; B11—oil seal; B12—bearing; B13—washer; B14—pin; B15—nut; B16—washer; B17—screw
The friction plate clearance is controlled by the separation outside the clutch The mechanism ensures that after the friction plate is worn, it will be automatically compensated by the compression spring (Item J9). The separation and combination of the clutch are achieved by pulling the clutch control handle. The adjustment of the control mechanism must make the three separation levers (Item J10) and Keep a clearance of about 0.5mm on the end face of the release bearing (Item B12). Too small or no clearance will cause the release bearing to rotate at high speed together with the release lever and burn out (this bearing cannot be lubricated). Rotate each adjustment screw (Item J15) during adjustment. Use the two adjusting nuts (part B15) on the top to ensure that the end clearance between the three separation levers and the release bearing is consistent (both 0.5mm). After adjustment, lock the two nuts to prevent loosening. Pay attention when the drilling rig is long. When not in use, the clutch control handle should be placed in the clutch binding position to avoid premature failure due to long-term compression of the clutch compression spring.
(2) Gearbox
The gearbox of the drilling rig (Figure 4-31, Figure 4-32) centrally controls 3 shifting forks in the box through a transmission handle. Only shifting gears allows the transmission to obtain four forward and one reverse output speeds. The shift fork operating mechanism is equipped with a transmission positioning and gear interlocking device to ensure reliable shifting and prevent random shifting.
A pair of spiral bevel gears in the gearbox convert the horizontal axis rotation from the power machine into a 90° vertical axis rotation, and transmit the motion to the power head through the hexagonal transmission shaft. The gearbox is mounted on the drilling rig frame through the left and right rotating shaft frames fixed on the box body and can rotate around the axis. The axis line of the left and right rotating shaft is the center line of the power machine → clutch → gearbox input shaft. .
(3) Mast
The drilling rig mast is composed of two 16a channel steel welded mast bodies and a lifting system composed of an oil cylinder and a chain. There are two slide rails welded on the front of the mast body. The power head moves up and down along the slide rails. The lower end is equipped with an auxiliary support head (MGJ-0414-0), which is pressed on the working surface by a telescopic cylinder (MGJ-0415-0). , to ensure stable work during drilling, the mast body is fixed with the gearbox with 4 bolts, so that when the gearbox rotates around the left and right rotating axes, the angle of the mast is changed, so that the drilling rig can drill anywhere between vertical and horizontal Angle hole, after the angle of the mast is adjusted, use the two braces (Part 7) behind the mast to fix it. The upper and lower ends of the mast body are fixed with orifice plates (MGJ-0409-0, MGJ-0421-0), which are equipped with (can Replacement) Filling cores of different diameters for guidance when opening holes. The lifting system composed of oil cylinder and chain has a stroke of 2300mm (long mast model) or 1500mm (short mast model), 800mm (ultra short mast model).
(4) Power head
Install the power head (Figure 4-33, Figure 4-34) on the skateboard, and the skateboard is installed on the two slides of the mast. Drag the device chain to move up and down.
At the same time, the motion is transmitted to the power head through the hexagonal transmission shaft and drives the drilling tool to rotate.
The power head is actually a first-stage gear reduction box. The center line of the driven shaft is the center line of the drilled hole. There is a faucet in the driven hexagonal sleeve, and the variable wire joint below is directly connected to the Drill pipe thread connection. Not only can the coolant (gas) be sent to the bottom of the hole through the faucet (Figure 4-35), but also the torque can be transmitted to the drilling tool through the inner and outer hexagonal bushings. The principle of the drilling tool lifting system through the lifting and lowering of the power head is shown in Figure 4-36.
(5) Hydraulic system
The hydraulic transmission system of the drilling rig is composed of a double gear oil pump, a fuel tank, a multi-way reversing valve, oil pipes and joints, and various actuators. Figure 4-37 shows the schematic diagram of the hydraulic transmission system, Figure 4-38 shows the operation diagram of each handle of the hydraulic system, and Figure 4-39 shows the hydraulic system diagram.
Figure 4-31 Gearbox (1)
1—Second and third gears; 2—Set; 3—Counter shaft gear; 4—Bearing cap; 5—Counter shaft ;6—Second and fourth gear; 7—Shaft gear; 8—Left rotation shaft; 9, 10, 21, 26, 29, 32, 33, 34, 64—Paper pad; 11—Axle sleeve; 12—Small arc Bevel gear; 13—shaft sleeve; 14—output shaft; 15—bearing cover; 16—compensation pad; 17—main box; 18—large arc bevel gear; 19—compensation pad; 20—bearing sleeve; 22—pressure Cover; 23—A shaft; 24—transverse shaft gear; 25—gland cover; 27—gland cover; 28—auxiliary box; 30—output shaft gear; 31—washer; 59—cover; 60—right rotating shaft; 61— Main shaft; 62—gear; 63—first and third gear; 65—washer; 66—set; 67—double gear; 68—reverse gear; 69—reverse shaft; 70—set;
B1—306 bearing; B2—64903 roller bearing; B3—209 bearing; B4—retaining ring; B5—207 bearing; B6—bolt; B7—washer; B8—bolt; B9—washer; B10—36307 bearing; B11 —36310 Bearing; B12—nut; B13—washer; B14—bolt; B15—screw; B16—212 bearing; B17—oil seal; B18—bolt; B19—low carbon steel wire; B46—bolt; B47—washer; B48—block Ring; B49—bearing; B50—retaining ring; B51—bolt; T26—lubricant level inspection screw; T27—sliding sleeve; T28—locating pin
Figure 4-32 Gearbox (2)
35—set; 36—copper washer; 37—shaft; 38—intermediate gear; 39, 48, 53, 55—paper pad; 40—shaft gear; 41—gland; 42—positioning sleeve ;43—gland; 44—protective sleeve; 45—gasket; 46—protective ring; 47—drive shaft; 49—cover plate; 50—second and fourth gear shift forks; 51—first and third gear shift forks; 52 —Reverse gear shift fork; 54—Bearing sleeve; 56—Top cover; 57—Second and fourth gear shift fork shaft; 58—Reverse shift fork shaft;
J1—Oil plug; J3—Oil plug ;J4 - washer; J5 - bolt for hole; J6 - cover; J7 - stop pin; J8 - stop pin; J9 - spring; J10 - cover; J11 - paper pad; J12 - side box cover; J13 - side Upper cover of the box cover; J14 - first and third gear shift fork shaft; J15 - anti-loosening gasket; J16 - cover; J17 - spherical cover; J18 - rubber pad; J19 - spherical cover; J20 - spring; J21 - transmission handle ;J22—limiting plate;J23—stop screw;J24—paper pad;J25—handle cover;
B20—pin;B21—64907 roller bearing;B22—O-ring;B23 —Retaining ring; B24-213 bearing; B25 — oil seal; B26 — low carbon steel wire; B27 — screw; B28 — bolt; B29 — washer; B30 — pin; B31 — bolt; B32 — pin; B33 — bolt; B34 — washer ;B35—washer;B36—nut;B37—oil seal;B38—retaining ring;B39—bearing;B40—oil cup;B41—screw;B42—bolt;B43—low carbon steel wire;B44—steel ball;B45—low carbon Steel wire
Figure 4-33 Power head (1)
2-inner brake ring; 3-set; 4-upper gland; 5-outer brake ring; 6- Faucet; 7—cover plate; 8—bolt; 9—driving plate;
J4—lower cover; J5—paper pad; J7—paper pad; J8—antifouling cover; J9—foul sealing block ;J10—protective sleeve;J11—upper gland;J12—oil pan;J13—driving gear;J14—axle sleeve;J15—lower gland;J16—paper pad;J17—gasket;J18—protective sleeve;J19 —Protective ring;
B4—Oil seal; B5—Bearing; B6—Bolt; B7—Bearing; B8—Bolt; B9—Washer; B10—Retaining ring; B11—Oil seal; B12—Bolt; B13— Washer; B14—screw; B15—bolt; B16—screw; B17—oil cup; B18—retaining ring; B19—bearing; B20—oil seal; B21—washer; B22—bolt; B23—low carbon steel wire; B32—washer; B33—Low carbon steel wire
Double gear pump consists of a large pump and a small pump, with simultaneous suction
In the oil pipeline, when drilling normally and using the power head to lift the mast and the telescopic cylinder, the distribution rotary valve controls the operation of the small pump (the distribution rotary valve handle is in the "I" position). When the drilling tool is quickly raised or lowered, the large pump can be controlled. , small pumps work together (distribute the "II" position of the rotary valve handle) (Figure 4-37).
The multi-way reversing valve is composed of a relief valve, a power head lifting control valve and an auxiliary support head (telescopic cylinder) control valve. The system pressure of the overflow valve has been adjusted to the rated working pressure of 8MPa when the drilling rig leaves the factory. The operator can adjust the required system pressure through the quick pressure boosting handle of the overflow valve or the micro-pressure regulating handwheel according to work needs. The power head lift control valve It is a four-position four-way valve. The handle of the valve can be operated to make the power head rise, fall, stop and weigh the drilling tool; the telescopic cylinder control valve is a three-position four-way valve, which can control the extension and retraction of the auxiliary support head (Figure 4 -38).
Figure 4-34 Power head (2)
1—Spindle; 10—Adjusting pad;
J1—Driven gear; J2—Slide; J21 —Hexagonal transmission sleeve; J22—slider; J23—pressure plate; J24—adjustment pad; J25—slider; J26—box;
B1—key; B2—washer; B3—bolt; B24 — Washer; B25 — Bolt; B26 — Oil cup; B27 — Key; B28 — Screw; B29 — Pin; B30 — Screw; B31 — Nut
Figure 4-35 φ50mm drill pipe faucet
1—Transmission housing; 2—Seat cover;
J1—Joint; J2—Core tube; J3—Spring; J4—Ring gasket; J5—Spacer sleeve; J6—Bearing sleeve;< /p>
B1—Felt ring 40; B2—8108 bearing; B3—1000907 bearing; B4—Felt ring 35; B5, B6, B7—V-shaped sealing ring
Figure 4-36 Lifting System schematic diagram
Fig. 4-37 Hydraulic transmission system schematic diagram
Fig. 4-38 Hydraulic system handle operation schematic diagram
Fig. 4-39 Hydraulic system diagram
1—Oil tank; 2—Control panel; 3—Up oil pipe for the oil cylinder; 4—Lower oil pipe for the oil cylinder; 5—Clamp;
J1—Oil suction pipe; J2, J13, J15, J19, J24, J27, J33—hinged pipe joint body; J3, J6, J7, J20, J26, J30—sealing gasket; J4—oil suction pipe joint; J5—double gear oil pump; J8, J9, J17 —High-pressure hose; J10 — Filling pipe; J11 — Oil drain pipe; J12, J18, J25, J28, J34, J32 — Hinge bolt; J14 — Distribution valve; J16, J31 — Straight-through joint; J21 — Pressure gauge oil pipe; J22 — Control valve; J23 - reversing valve; J29 - pressure on bit pipe and oil pipe;
B1 - screw; B2, B3 - gasket; B4, B5 - sealing ring; B6 - pressure on bit gauge
< p>The distribution rotary valve, multi-way reversing valve and bit pressure gauge (i.e. system pressure gauge) are installed on a control panel. The control panel is inserted into the frame through two pins, and one pin is pulled out during operation. The control panel rotates around another pin to a favorable operating position (Figure 4-38).5. Use and operation of drilling rig
(1) Drilling rig operating handle
In addition to the hydraulic operating handle shown in Figure 4-38, there is also a drilling rig clutch (Figure 4-30) and the control handle in the gearbox (Figure 4-31, Figure 4-32).
(2) Drilling rig positioning and installation
1) Transport the drilling rig to the construction site and align it with the hole position as much as possible.
2) Use anchor bolts to fasten the skid base to the machine platform wood. When drilling vertical holes for the drill rig anchor bolts, the installation dimensions of the hole locations are as shown in Figure 4-40.
Figure 4-40 Drilling rig anchor bolt installation dimensions (unit: mm)
6. Drilling rig maintenance and upkeep
(1) Drilling rig oil And lubrication
1) Oil used in drilling rigs. ① The hydraulic system and power head guide rail use mechanical oil (GB443-64): HJ-30 in summer; HJ-20 in winter. ②The gearbox uses gear oil (SYB1103-625): HL-30 in summer; HL-20 in winter. ③ Use molybdenum disulfide grease or No. 4 calcium-based grease (ZG-4) for the power head gears and bearings. ④ Use No. 2 calcium-based grease (ZG-2) for lubrication of other parts.
2) Lubricating parts and requirements. The oil filling levels of the transmission main box and auxiliary box are limited to the overflow of their respective oil plugs. Other parts are shown by Roman numerals in Figure 4-28.
(2) Regular maintenance of drilling rigs
1) Shift maintenance. ① Scrub the outer surface of the drilling rig, pay attention to the drilling rig’s hexagonal drive shaft and power head slide rail, and keep the chain surface clean and well lubricated. ② Check the oil level of the main and auxiliary boxes of the gearbox and the hydraulic oil tank. ③Add lubricating oil and grease according to the lubrication requirements (Figure 4-28). ④ Check the oil leakage in various parts and eliminate it. ⑤ Check whether the exposed bolts, nuts, positioning pins, etc. of the drilling rig are loose. ⑥ Eliminate other faults that occur within the class.
2) Weekly maintenance. ① Carry out thorough class maintenance. ②Add lubricating oil and grease as needed. ③Troubleshoot other faults that occurred this week.
3) Monthly maintenance. ① Carry out thorough class maintenance and weekly maintenance. ② Clean the fuel tank filter and replace the deteriorated or contaminated hydraulic oil. ③ Check the gearbox lubricating oil. If deterioration or contamination is found, replace it in time. ④ Check the integrity of each part and component. If there is any damage, repair or replace it in time. Do not work with injuries.
7. Common faults and troubleshooting methods of drilling rigs
Common faults and troubleshooting methods of drilling rigs are shown in Table 4-21.
Table 4-21 Common drilling rig faults and troubleshooting methods
8. Supplementary instructions for drilling rig operation
1) When using an electric motor as power, the drilling rig can also drill The hole is 0° to 90° horizontally upward, but simple adjustments must be made as follows: ① Install the faucet in the opposite direction; ② Install the oil pump by rotating it 180°; ③ Change the direction of motor rotation.
Note: The above method cannot be used for drilling rigs powered by diesel engines.
2) Instructions for use of the MGJ-50 anchor drilling rig hydraulic clamp
The hydraulic clamp is installed on the top of the drilling rig mast. When the hydraulic oil of the drilling rig hydraulic system flows into the clamp Finally, by operating the holder reversing valve, the holder can have the function of clamping or loosening the drilling tool.
Clamping drilling tool specifications: φ50~120mm; maximum clamping force: 30kN.