What are the solutions to water pollution?

to solve the water pollution problem in China, we should start from many aspects and consider comprehensively. The main measures are as follows. (1) Reduce water consumption: At present, the utilization of water resources in China, on the one hand, feels the shortage of water resources, on the other hand, is very wasteful. Compared with developed countries, the water consumption per unit product in China is much higher. Large water consumption not only wastes water resources, but also is an important cause of water environmental pollution. Through the technical transformation of enterprises, promoting clean production, reducing water consumption per unit product, using more water and improving the reuse rate of water have all been proved to be effective measures in practice. (2) Establish urban sewage treatment system: In order to control the development of water pollution, industrial enterprises must also actively control water pollution, especially the discharge of toxic pollutants must be treated or pretreated separately. With the adjustment of industrial layout and urban layout and the construction and improvement of urban sewer network, centralized treatment of urban sewage can be gradually realized, which can combine urban sewage treatment with industrial wastewater treatment. (3) Adjustment of industrial structure: the natural purification capacity of water bodies is limited, and a reasonable industrial layout can make full use of the self-purification capacity of the natural environment, turn a vicious cycle into a steep cycle, and play a role in developing the economy and controlling pollution. Shut down, stop, merge and transfer those enterprises that consume a lot of water, are heavily polluted and have high pollution control costs. It is also necessary to adjust the agricultural structure that consumes a lot of water, especially in arid and semi-arid areas, which can reduce the planting area with a large amount of special water and take the road of water-saving agriculture and sustainable development. (4) Control of agricultural non-point source pollution: Agricultural non-point source pollution includes pollution from rural living sources, agricultural non-point sources, livestock breeding and aquatic products. It is more difficult to solve agricultural pollution than industrial pollution and domestic sewage in large and medium-sized cities, and it is necessary to control it through comprehensive prevention and control and demonstration projects of ecological agriculture. (5) Developing new water sources: China's industrial, agricultural and domestic water use has great potential for saving, so it is necessary to do a good job in water saving and reduce waste, so as to reduce the water consumption per unit of GDP. The South-to-North Water Transfer Project, the construction of reservoirs, the exploitation of groundwater and the purification of seawater can alleviate the increasingly tense water pressure. However, the impact on the ecological environment and social environment should be fully considered when building reservoirs and exploiting groundwater. (6) Strengthen the planning and management of water resources: Water resources planning is the main component of regional planning, urban planning and industrial and agricultural development planning, and should be carried out simultaneously with other planning. Market mechanism and economic leverage can also be used to promote the conservation of water resources and the effectiveness of sewage management. (7) Rational development of water resources: the development of water must be based on the supply and demand of water, and the surface water, groundwater and sewage resources should be developed and utilized in a unified way to prevent the depletion of surface water sources and the decline of groundwater level, so as to achieve rational development, comprehensive utilization, active protection and scientific management.