Daoguang was the grandfather of Emperor Guangxu.
Duration 103 days.
Contents of the reform:
1. Economically: protect and reward agriculture, industry and commerce, set up the General Administration of Agriculture, Industry and Commerce and the General Administration of Railways and Mines in Beijing, promote industry, encourage private investment, and set up business bureaus (or sub-bureaus of agriculture, industry and commerce) in all provinces; Ordering local officials in all provinces to adopt Chinese and western laws to effectively revitalize agriculture; Award scientific works and inventions, and promulgate article 12 of the regulations on revitalizing technology awards, which stipulates that those who write new books, innovate laws and make new devices shall be granted official positions or patents; In the capital and various trading ports, post sub-offices are generally established and post stations are abolished; Prepare the national budget and final accounts, which will be published by the Ministry of Housing on a monthly basis; Cancel the parasitic privileges of Manchu and allow them to make a living on their own. Second, the political aspect: let the yamen delete the rules; The central government abolished idle yamen such as Zhan Shifu, the General Political Department and Guanglu Temple, and other provinces abolished overlapping institutions such as the governors of Hubei, Guangdong and Yunnan provinces (the governors of these three provinces are in the same city) and the governors of Donghe; Clear the way, allow officials and people to write and say things, and prohibit officials and people from blocking the grid. Third, the military aspect: the old army was eliminated, and all the troops of the eight banners provinces were changed to foreign exercises; Organize arsenal, build soldier wheel and train navy; Practice armor protection and group training. Fourth, culture and education: reform the imperial examination, abolish the system of taking stereotyped writing of scholars, and try to discuss policies; To set up schools to promote western learning, we should first set up Shi Jing University Hall, so that all provinces, governments, ministries, states and counties can change the existing academies into schools that also study in Manabu Nakanishi. Set up a translation bureau to translate foreign new books; Allow the establishment of newspapers and associations; Send people to travel abroad, study abroad and so on.
185 1 year 1 month1day, Hong Xiuquan and others revolted in Jintian Village, Guiping County, and established the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. The rebels were called Taiping Army.
Hong Xiuquan