With the integration and development of information technology, ubiquitous computing represented by mobile technology has promoted profound changes in organizational and social forms, and has also changed the way knowledge is disseminated and shared, triggering It has explored application innovation models such as European LIVING LAB and China's "Three Experiments" Application Innovation Park (AIP), providing new opportunities for the evolution of scientific and technological innovation models. The gradual improvement of the scientific and technological innovation system requires the construction of a user-centered and demand-driven collaborative innovation and open innovation platform. Scientific and technological innovation activities are no longer the exclusive preserve of scientific researchers in laboratories, but require the participation of the whole society. Participate together. How to move scientific and technological innovation activities from the laboratories of scientific researchers to broad social practice, promote scientific and technological innovation to leap from Innovation 1.0 to Innovation 2.0, and achieve technological progress and application innovation in parallel. This is important for comprehensively promoting scientific and technological innovation and building an innovative The country is particularly important. The Innovation 2.0 model, also known as the application innovation model, is an open innovation and collaborative innovation model in the era of knowledge society, represented by AIP, LivingLab, and FabLab, characterized by user innovation.
Application innovation is to be user-centered, to be exposed to changes in the user's application environment, to discover needs through the interaction between R&D personnel and users, and to discover users' needs through users' participation in the entire process from idea proposing to technology development and verification. Actual and potential needs are used to promote technological innovation through various innovative technologies and products. Application innovation requires the establishment of a smooth and efficient innovation service system to provide information closest to the market and user needs for technology and product research and development, promote application innovation, and further provide the driving force for technological progress. At the same time, technology R&D parties carry out technology integration innovation with application as the core, cultivate product design capabilities and R&D capabilities, and gradually develop upstream of the industry, promote the upgrading of the industry, and improve the scientific and technological level of the entire industry. At present, the scientific and technological innovation system still pays more attention to technological progress and pays less attention to user-oriented application innovation. Many shortcomings of the science and technology management system, such as the low conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements, poor practicality and promotion, are related to this. There are problems in connecting technological development with user needs, resulting in a disconnect between technological progress and practical applications. System design is very important for technology development and product transformation. While we have achieved the agglomeration of industries, technologies, and talents through the institutional design of high-tech parks, we have not yet solved the application, transformation, and user-centered applications of technology at the institutional level. The innovative mechanism lacks motivation in terms of science and technology supporting economic and social development, especially front-line management and services in the public service industry.
In order to further improve the scientific and technological innovation system, it is necessary for us to achieve the agglomeration of users and needs through open innovation and joint innovation platforms in application innovation, that is, the institutional design of application innovation parks, so as to realize The aggregation of various innovation elements centered on user needs and the interaction of various innovation entities. With the high degree of complementarity and interaction between the two institutional designs of high-tech parks and application innovation parks, a two-wheel drive of technological progress and application innovation is formed, which goes hand in hand. Comprehensive promotion of scientific and technological innovation through the interaction of the "double helix structure" will be an exploration of sound and perfect science and technology. An important exploration of innovation systems.
Song Gang, Tang Qiang, Chen Rui, Ji Yang. Scientific and technological innovation from the perspective of complexity science [J]. The Impact of Science on Society, 2008, (2), 28-33
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