Politically, Liu Bang inherited the centralized system and county system of the Qin Dynasty, and abolished the harsh laws and criminal laws of the Qin Dynasty. Liu Bang attacked Xianyang and immediately abolished the harsh laws of the Qin Dynasty. Make a pact with the people in three chapters, seal up the state treasury, and win the hearts of the people without harming the people. After Liu Bang pacified the world, he ordered Xiao He to refer to the laws of the Qin Dynasty, namely "Nine Chapters of Han Law". This is based on the six "legal classics" formulated by Li Kui during the Warring States Period (theft law, thief law, net law, arrest law, miscellaneous law and equipment law), supplemented by the Household Law (household registration management, marriage system and tax collection), the Punishment Law (mainly providing for corvee and garrison troops) and the Stability Law (mainly providing for cattle and horse husbandry and postal delivery). Liu Bang made good use of Uncle Sun Tong to sort out the outline of the dynasty. Uncle Sun Tong formulated a set of political etiquette system suitable for the situation at that time, and wrote etiquette monographs such as Twelve Articles of Hanyi, Li Handu and Eighteen Articles of Law, which played an important role in the establishment and consolidation of the Han Dynasty and left a valuable cultural heritage for later generations.
In terms of legal thought, Confucianism is the main idea, supplemented by legalism, abolishing the practice of "heavy punishment" in the Qin Dynasty, abolishing the law of sitting and the three tribes of foreigners, and proposing "taking morality as the main punishment". That is to say, education should be given priority, supplemented by punishment, so as to achieve the effect of combining leniency with severity and Song Yan's rule.
Economically, Liu Bang abolished Qin's harsh laws, exempted his corvee, and lightened the people's burden, such as reducing or exempting land rent, paying five taxes and one tax, "sharing interest with the people" and releasing handmaiden. Anyone who sells his body as a handmaiden because of hunger is exempt from Shu Ren, liberating the productive forces, "all soldiers go home" and "go to the farm on credit", dismissing soldiers and giving them land and houses so that they can engage in it. At the same time, encourage childbearing and expand the labor force. At the same time, vigorously develop agriculture and curb the attack on mercenary businessmen and residual slave owners. Liu Bang also accepted Lou Jing's strong and weak suggestions, and moved 65438+ Wan Qiang heroes from the six Kanto countries to settle in Guanzhong. Liu Bang enabled the people to live, unite and consolidate the country.
In the development of cultural undertakings, Liu Bang established a large-scale "National Library", such as Tianlu Pavilion and Shiqu Pavilion. "The world is set, Xiao He laws, Han Xin used the art of war, Zhang Cang's articles of association, uncle Sun Li, Liu Jiazao Newspeak. He also swore an oath with the leading actor Dan Shu Tieqi, the Golden Chamber and the Tibetan Ancestral Temple. Although the days are insufficient, the rules are far away. "
Liu Bang's relaxed and inaction policy not only appeased the people's hearts and United China, but also laid a cultural foundation for the generosity of the Han Dynasty. It can be said that Liu Bang truly unified the divided China, and gradually gathered the divided people. He made a decisive contribution to the formation of the Han nationality, the unification and strength of China, and the protection and development of China culture.
By the end of Emperor Liu Bang's reign, the economy had obviously improved, the world had changed, the people had settled down, and the soldiers could not recover. Liu Bang is a rare outstanding politician in the history of China who truly unified China. It can be said that he was the first emperor of the Han Dynasty and created the Han nationality. The wise ethnic policy he formulated in the early Han Dynasty not only helped China to recuperate from the war, but also created the prosperity of "the rule of culture and scenery" in the future, which laid a solid foundation for Hanwu to counterattack Xiongnu.
Liu Bang was far-sighted, and his political system and arrangements for future generations enabled Han to continue the longest unified dynasty in China history for more than 400 years. His political system and economic system were adopted by later rulers. The Han Empire founded by Liu Bang can be said to be the most prosperous dynasty in China's history, which made people admire and miss him in later generations, and he himself was remembered and praised by many people in later generations.