When it comes to self-study, students will naturally think of the names of great men such as Edison, Gorky, Faraday, Hua, Watt, Wright brothers, Lenin, Lincoln, etc. At the same time, they can't help but ask why many masters and doctors have achieved mediocre results in their lives, but those who haven't attended school for a few days have achieved remarkable results. The secret lies in these successful people, who are good at self-study and research. It can be concluded that the swing can only swing high and well if it can swing by itself; Only by studying by yourself can we surpass ourselves and achieve something.
First, everyone needs to learn to teach themselves?
Broadly speaking, anyone who wants to make a difference and achieve something cannot do without self-study. ?
Don't say that people who don't go to regular universities or technical secondary schools need self-study, even students trained in colleges and universities need self-study. A university president once said to his graduates: Graduation from university is like a bowl of clean noodles, with a spoonful of fried sauce, noodles tied in the river, a few ribs, sparerib noodles and a few pieces of fat. Who will put these things? Of course, after graduation, I mainly learn by myself in practice. What a person learns after graduating from college is like nine hairs of Niu Yi's head to what he should learn all his life. Most of what college students learn in school is basic theoretical knowledge, and more applied science and practical technology need to be supplemented and improved by self-study as needed after entering the society. What college students learn in school is not so much knowledge as the ability of self-study. ?
If knowledge is compared to gold, then the ability of self-study is alchemy; If knowledge is compared to fish, then the ability of self-study is the ability of fishing. ?
With the development of society, the total amount of human knowledge is increasing. Today, with the sharp increase of knowledge, intensified competition and rapid development of science and technology, the only way for people to adapt to the ever-changing new life is self-study. Therefore, UNESCO warned in its survival theme report: "The illiterate people in the future are not illiterate people, but people who can't learn." ?
Not only do people who haven't been to college need self-study to achieve academic success, even college graduates, even masters and doctors, must constantly self-study, be good at self-study and be good at studying.
Learning ability is a passport to enter the era of knowledge economy. In the era of knowledge economy, people's quality is mainly manifested in the ability to master knowledge and information for creative labor. Therefore, popularization and lifelong education have become two major trends in the development of education. There are two ways to receive lifelong education: one is continuing education and the other is self-study. Among them, self-study is the most important way.
Second, self-study is an important way to acquire knowledge and a source of creativity?
Even if a person has never been to college, if he has the habit and ability of self-study, then his future work performance will never be worse than that of college graduates. On the contrary, even if a person went to college, even studied abroad, and worshipped famous teachers, if he didn't learn to teach himself and didn't have the habit of studying hard, then he would only wander in the circle defined by teachers, and it would be difficult to expand his knowledge field, let alone make inventions in scientific research. This is because any invention is to do what others have not done and take the road that others have not taken. Who can tell you which way to go? Only by exploring, learning and constantly updating knowledge. ?
A person will not achieve anything without self-study, and self-study has indeed made many people successful. Thinkers, scientists, writers, politicians and military strategists at all times and all over the world have made remarkable achievements mainly through self-study without or with little formal school training, which is simply hard to count. ?
Hua is the most famous mathematician in China, born in a poor family in Jintan County, Jiangsu Province. When he was a child, his books were not very good, and his neighbors laughed at him as a "bookworm". Because of the difficulty of family life, he failed to finish middle school and went home to help his father make a living. Later, he fell ill and broke his leg. However, he worked hard at self-study, and later gained the esteem of Mr. Xiong Qinglai, an old-timer in mathematics, and recommended him to work as a janitor in Tsinghua University. He studied hard, earned official fees to study abroad, and went to the famous Cambridge University in England for further study, and finally succeeded. ? Edison, the greatest inventor in the world, was born thin and didn't go to school until he was 8 years old. After studying for three months, I was called a "fool" by my teacher because of my poor academic performance. He dropped out of school and went home, and his mother taught him to read and write. Mother found that he especially likes physics and chemistry, so she bought him a Parker science reader. So, Edison moved down the truth in the book one by one and tried it himself. He opened up a small world in the basement, which is both a warehouse and a laboratory. There are more and more experiments, but life at home is too difficult to meet Edison's demand for money for experiments. /kloc-when he was 0/2 years old, Edison went to the train to sell newspapers and candy, and at the same time went to the Detroit library to read books every day to enrich himself. At the age of 2 1, he developed a dual transmitter and obtained the invention patent of "voting recorder". At the age of 22, he co-founded Baup Edison Company. Since then, I have embarked on the road of invention, success and glory. ?
/kloc-Darwin, the founder of evolution, one of the three great discoveries of natural science in the 0/9th century, said that any valuable knowledge he gained came from self-study. Steam engines, trains, ships and airplanes were all invented by self-learners.
3. the principle of determining the direction of self-study?
Determining the direction of self-study is actually an optimization problem. Correct direction, less detours, easy to succeed. To determine the direction of self-study, we should pay attention to the following principles. ?
The first is the principle of synchronization effect. That is, try to synchronize the choice of major with work and business; The goal of struggle is synchronized with hobbies; The development direction is consistent with social needs. Doing so is easy to unify the subjective and the objective, causing * * * vibration. ?
The second is the principle of advantage accumulation. That is, according to the actual needs of society and their own actual situation, confirm their own advantages and strengths, and then focus on developing their own advantages and strengths. It should be noted that what you are best at is not necessarily your advantages, but also the actual needs of social reality and social development. A relatively high starting point and advantage accumulation are conducive to short-term success. ?
The third is the principle of "directional blasting". That is, pay attention to discovering and choosing the "unpopular" that can fully realize self-worth, work hard, and strive for great achievements in a few years, and make a blockbuster after many years. ?
The fourth is the principle of doing what you can. Self-study is not afraid of starting low, but don't aim too high. We should focus on the long-term and base ourselves on the present. Strive for spring ploughing and autumn harvest. Fruit can not only bring you joy and inspire your fighting spirit, but also often change your situation and make you move from muddy dirt road to asphalt road. If you choose a difficult topic without considering your actual ability, the result is often looking at the stars in the sky, but falling into the underground pit. It's like burning a pot of cold water with a candle until the wax torch turns to ash and the tears run out, so it's hard to boil.
Fourth, self-study the law of "four natures and one creation"?
First: initiative. Is to give full play to their subjective initiative, see the needle, not beyond their reach. If self-study adopts a passive attitude and does not practice self-discipline, the study plan will be difficult to realize, and the marathon plan will become a "sloppy" plan. Therefore, self-learners should never forget the word initiative. ?
Secondary: hardness. If reaching a certain level of knowledge is compared to crossing a river, then students at school are like boats, and self-learners are like troops swimming. Self-learners not only have no special teachers to teach, but also focus on doing things that have nothing to do with learning every day. They have to squeeze their study time, and sometimes they can't even get a suitable textbook. Therefore, those who are interested in self-study should first be prepared for hardship. ?
Third: continuity. Continuity not only refers to the continuity of learning content, but also includes the continuity of self-study schedule. Self-study should first pay attention to overall planning, and arrange the learning content according to the principle of easy first and difficult later, from shallow to deep. At the same time, we should understand that the construction of knowledge pagoda is a huge and complicated project, and it is by no means an overnight thing. It is difficult to accomplish anything after three minutes of bloodshed or exposure to cold. It is also taboo to try a little or change your mind by yourself. ?
The fourth sex: purpose. Is to have a clear learning purpose. This goal may be simple at first, and the goal is not too ambitious. With the improvement of knowledge level and the harvest of learning results, the purpose will continue to sublimate. This purpose, in turn, attracts people to move forward. ?
Innovation 1: According to the above four characteristics, after years of hard work, self-learners will have the impulse and ability to create. At this time, we should pay attention to the change from learning to thinking, find the right starting point according to our own specialties and social needs, and realize our own value through discovery, invention and creation.
Five, self-study should be good at using all conditions conducive to learning?
Xunzi said in "Persuasion": "Those who pretend to be horses will travel thousands of miles without profit; A man who pretends to be a boat can't swim, but he can't swim. The life of a gentleman is different, and goodness is illusory. " Self-study is not to learn by yourself behind closed doors, but to make full use of all conditions conducive to learning. ?
First, learn to use the library. Almost all colleges and universities have libraries except those in every city center. Borrowing books in the library is not only convenient but also cheap. There are books, magazines, newspapers and audio-visual materials here. It can be said that the library is a treasure house of knowledge, where the scientific and cultural heritage of all mankind is concentrated, and only those who are good at using the library can inherit it. ?
Second, learn to use computers. Now there are many computer softwares that are beneficial to learning, and various "information superhighways" have been opened; In addition, it is very convenient and fast to retrieve, store, extract data, type, modify and calculate by computer. This provides unparalleled convenience for our study and scientific research. We should make full use of these conditions. ?
Third, ask celebrities for advice. Xunzi said: "Learn from Mohism and be close to others", so "a gentleman must choose his hometown in his life and be a scholar in his deeds". As the saying goes, "It is better to learn from him for ten years than to listen to him." Self-learners seeking advice from famous scholars can avoid detours and be conducive to short-term success. There are many ways to consult famous scholars, such as listening to famous scholars' academic reports, studying famous scholars' articles, and of course consulting face to face. ?
Fourth, according to the actual situation, participate in social aid classes. This is mainly aimed at non-school students who take the self-study exam. Since 1980s, in order to cultivate talents through multiple channels, China has successively implemented the self-study examination system in various provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions. The scores of single-subject exams are accumulated. If you fail in one subject, you can take the exam next time. When the required courses and elective courses reach a certain number, a junior college diploma or an undergraduate diploma will be issued. This diploma is recognized by the state and UNESCO. People who study by themselves in this way can participate in social assistance classes selectively. This kind of remedial class is well informed, less detours, and can meet many like-minded friends with different personalities. Zhu, a writer in the Song Dynasty, wrote in Reading Random Thoughts: "Why is the canal so clear? Because there is flowing water at the source." Self-study is an inexhaustible source of knowledge for students.