Many people who have seen the design model of the "Bird's Nest" describe it as a warm bird's nest made of a stadium with a capacity of 65,438+10,000 people and a branch-like steel net! The "nest" used to nurture and take care of life places human hopes for the future.
The components of the whole stadium structure support each other to form a grid-like frame, which looks like a bird's nest woven with branches. Its gray mineral-like steel mesh is covered with transparent film material, which includes a reddish bowl-shaped stadium stand. Here, the hollow-out technology, ceramic lines, the red brilliance and enthusiasm in China traditional culture are perfectly integrated with the most advanced modern steel structure design.
The whole building is connected by a huge net structure, and there are no columns inside. The grandstand is a complete bowl shape, without any shelter, like a huge container, which brings incredible drama and unparalleled shock to the stadium. This even and continuous ring will also give the audience the best view, stimulate their excitement and inspire athletes to sprint faster, higher and stronger. Here, people are truly given a central position.
More subtly, the "Bird's Nest" slightly raised the outdoor terrain of the whole stadium, and placed many ancillary facilities under the terrain, which not only avoided the huge investment consumed by underground excavation, but also landed slowly at the edge of the outdoor square, and built 2,000 open-air seats in the warm-up venue according to the situation, which was organically integrated with the surrounding environment and saved investment again.
Guan Guan, chairman of the judging committee and academician of China Academy of Engineering, commented that this building has no redundant treatment, and everything has an image because of its function, and the architectural form and structural details are naturally unified.
The jury and many other architectural experts agreed that the "Bird's Nest" will not only set up a unique historic landmark for the 2008 Olympic Games, but also be of pioneering significance in the history of world architectural development, and will provide historical testimony for the development of China and the world architecture in the 2nd/kloc-0th century.
It is not easy to design and build the "Bird's Nest", and it is even more difficult to make the "Bird's Nest" full of vigor and vitality in the future. According to reports, the concept of thrifty hosting the Olympic Games and sustainable development has been running through the design of the "Bird's Nest" at the beginning and in the process of deepening the design. On the premise of meeting the Olympic functions, the balance between permanent facilities and temporary facilities should be fully considered. According to the requirements, the Bird's Nest has 654.38+million seats, of which 80,000 are permanent and the other 20,000 are temporarily added during the Olympic Games.
On this basis, the function of the "Bird's Nest" is combined with the future orientation of the surrounding areas and even the long-term development planning of the whole city. According to the established planning scheme, the central area of the Olympic Park where the "Bird's Nest" is located will become a civic activity center integrating sports competitions, conferences and exhibitions, culture and entertainment, business and leisure shopping. As the main stadium of Beijing Olympic Games, the "Bird's Nest" will become one of the landmark buildings in Beijing, and it will also become a hot spot for people to visit and travel for a long time. At the same time, in the design and construction of the "Bird's Nest", great efforts have been made in the versatility of the site and space to improve the utilization efficiency of the site. In addition to undertaking the opening and closing ceremonies and sports competitions, it will also meet the needs of fitness, business, exhibitions and performances, laying a solid foundation for the successful implementation of "post-Olympic development".
As the main stadium of Beijing Olympic Games, the National Stadium will adopt solar photovoltaic power generation system. Green Olympics, high-tech Olympics and people's Olympics are the three major themes of Beijing Olympic Games. Suntech's solar photovoltaic power generation system is located in the Bird's Nest, which integrates clean and environmentally friendly solar power generation with the National Stadium. It is not only an excellent embodiment of the three themes of the Beijing Olympic Games, but also plays a positive role in promoting the use of green energy, effectively controlling and reducing air pollution in Beijing and surrounding areas, and advocating a green lifestyle. At present, the technology of solar photovoltaic power generation system is at the advanced level in the world. The solar power generation system is independently developed by Wuxi Suntech Solar Power Co., Ltd. and exclusively provided to the National Stadium. It is installed on the main channel of the National Stadium 12, with a total investment of RMB10,000,000 and a total capacity of 130 kW, which will be a good supplement to the power supply of the National Stadium.
Supplement:
In Beijing in August, the weather was hot, and 9 1000 people sat in a stadium to watch the game. How to increase their comfort?
China designers of "Bird's Nest" used a computer CFD simulation method in fluid mechanics design to simulate and analyze the thermal comfort and wind comfort of the audience hall of "Bird's Nest". It can accurately simulate the steel structure and membrane structure of the "Bird's Nest", simulate the natural ventilation when 9 1000 people watch the game at the same time, calculate the temperature and humidity airflow speed that the audience can feel in each area, and mark it with different colors on the drawings. At present, all the ventilation facilities of the "Bird's Nest" are the result of adjusting and optimizing the drawings of foreign designers according to this simulation analysis. Whether the audience sits in the upper stand or the lower stand, ordinary seats or VIP seats, they can enjoy the natural light and wind, and achieve better comfort.
The designers of South China University of Technology talked with the national team coaches Li Yongbo, Dānlín, Zhang Ning and other players and asked them, which competition venue design fully meets the requirements of badminton, so people can't find anything wrong? Everyone says I really don't remember. It's no wonder that at present, almost no high-level venues in the world that can hold competitions are specially designed for badminton competitions.
There is no precedent for reference, so we have to rely on China people to find a way.
After many arguments, it is decided to adopt the air conditioning design of air supply under the audience, that is, an air conditioning air supply duct is added in the audience to let the cool air blow out from under the audience seat. There are three air outlets with the diameter of 13cm under every two seats, and there are more than 10000 such air outlets in the whole gymnasium.
This design has two advantages: first, it reduces the wind speed. The wind speed is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area of the outlet pipe. If an air outlet is "decomposed" into more than 654.38 million air outlets, the wind speed will of course be small. Secondly, it avoids the influence of air conditioning wind direction on athletes on the field. Generally, the air-conditioning duct of gymnasium is on the roof, and the wind blows down from it and then blows to the audience in all directions. In the process of turning from above to the side, cold air will form vortex airflow, which will affect the flight route of badminton. Now the air outlet is designed below the audience, and the air return is designed between the two floors of the audience, avoiding the vortex airflow.
Air supply under the seat is easier said than done. Under the auditorium of the gymnasium, there is actually an audience gathering hall, which has bathrooms, lounges and many functional rooms, through which air conditioning pipes pass. The unique appearance of Beijing University of Technology Gymnasium requires that the building should not be too high. If pipes are added to the roof, the use space of these rooms will become smaller, not to mention the different functions of these rooms, which require different pipes themselves. In order to avoid opening the air supply duct and make full use of the limited space, China designers repeatedly revised it. Compared with the original drawings, the final design scheme almost moved all the rooms.
Not only have we worked hard on the air conditioning, but we have also considered the position of each door. In the original drawing, in order to facilitate evacuation, the door of the lounge is opposite to the door of the audience. Later, some experts suggested that if two doors are opened at the same time during the game, a direct flow will be formed, which will affect the game. The designer immediately made a modification and staggered the position of the door.
After various improvements, the wind speed of badminton hall can now be controlled below 0.2 m/s, which fully meets the requirements of the International Badminton Federation. In addition to ensuring that athletes can play their best competitive level, they can also ensure the comfort of the audience-the temperature in the auditorium is between 25℃ and 27℃, and the temperature in the stadium is between 26℃ and 28℃. Relying on their own wisdom, China people have successfully solved the "long-standing problem" that has plagued international badminton for many years.