What are the patent evaluation methods?

Patent evaluation is based on the legal status, technical status, industrial status, market position and other aspects of the patent, considering the use and best use of the patent, and measuring its potential economic value with scientific and reasonable methods. 1. Patent evaluation method: 1. Income method: convert the future cash flow generated by patent into present value at a certain discount rate. This method is tried out for industrial patents, and most intangible assets are evaluated by income method first. Because the various costs and expenses disclosed by intangible assets in the financial statements of enterprises are incomplete, the cost method is not applicable. There is no active and stable patent trading market in China, so the market law is not applicable. 2. Cost method: all necessary costs, profits and expenses needed to obtain ready-made assets, commonly known as replacement costs. This method is tried out for tangible assets, machinery and equipment, factories, means of transport and real estate. Calculation method of cost method = replacement cost-substantial depreciation of assets-functional depreciation of assets-economic depreciation of assets replacement cost = R&D labor cost +R&D expenses+management expenses+opportunity cost (taking the yield to maturity average value of national debt within 5 years of the base date as the opportunity cost rate of return) Substantial depreciation: the physical loss caused by continuous use, that is, functional depreciation: the loss caused by the relatively backward function of intellectual property assets due to technological progress; Economic devaluation: the decline of intellectual property mechanism caused by changes in external environment or uncontrollable time. 3. Market method: According to the comparison of similar assets traded in the market recently, market method is the simplest and most effective method, but it has strict restrictions and needs an active and mature trading market. The more frequent transactions, the easier it is to compare asset prices. Select appropriate reference objects and appraised assets for comparative analysis and data reliability verification, and adjust the differences to determine the value. Second, the patent evaluation process: 1. Understand the purpose and willingness of evaluation and communicate fully; 2. Sign an asset appraisal business agreement. Clarify the purpose, scope, benchmark date and requirements of the entrusting party; 3. Define and determine the ownership of property rights; 4. Field investigation to understand the production and management of enterprises (industrialization); 5. Guide the patentee to fill in the evaluation data; 6. Market research, data retrieval, relevant market demand analysis, technical indicators, economic indicators, industrial policies, industry information, etc. ; 7. Expert argumentation, evaluation and estimation, and three-level audit; 8. Issue an evaluation report to solicit opinions, exchange opinions with the entrusting party and improve the report; 9. Issue a formal evaluation report.