1. Origin of surname:
The first origin: it originated from Ji's surname, which belongs to the ancestor's name after the prescription of the Duke of Wei in the Spring and Autumn Period.
according to the historical book "tongzhi, clan strategy, taking the name as the surname", in the spring and autumn period, the kingdom of Wei was prescribed by a royal son.
It is also recorded in the historical book Yuan He Xing Zuan that Kai was a descendant of Kang Shu, the son of Zhou Wenwang Jichang. During the period of Zhou Wuwang, Kang Shu was sealed in Wei Di, and he established Wei Guo. By the Spring and Autumn Period, the Duke of Wei had prescribed a prescription, and after the prescription, a bastard took Kai as his surname.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, Qi Huangong and Jiang Xiaobai, with the assistance of sages Guan Zhong and Bao Shuya, adopted a series of reforms, which made the country stronger and stronger, and Qi Huangong became the overlord among the governors. Qi Huangong has a very popular minister around him, and that is prescribing.
Kaifang, a noble in the country of Wei, was loyal to Qi Huangong and Jiang Xiaobai and never came home for fifteen years.
in the seventh year of Wang Ji Zheng of Zhou Xiang (645 BC), Guan Zhong died. When Guan Zhong was critically ill, he warned Qi Huangong: "Your three cronies, namely, Zhi Diao, Yi Ya and Wei Kaifang, must not make them master political power!"
Vertical Diao is Qi Huangong's most trusted eunuch. He was not a eunuch, so he voluntarily accepted castration in order to serve his beloved monarch personally.
Yi Ya is an expert in cooking. One day, Qi Huangong joked, "I have eaten all kinds of meat, but I have never eaten human flesh." At dinner that day, there was a plate of steamed meat, which was extremely delicious. Qi Huangong greatly appreciated him. Yi Ya said, "This is the meat of my three-year-old son. I heard that the loyal minister did not care for his family, so he dedicated it to the monarch."
Kaifang, an aristocrat in the country of Wei, always followed Qi Huangong and never came home, which was called Wei Kaifang in history.
Qi Huangong was deeply moved by the loyalty shown by these three characters, and was given a heavy responsibility and prized after assuming the throne.
Guan Zhong once analyzed Qi Huangong: "Human nature is like this. No one loves himself more than others. If you have the heart to do harm to your body, you will have the heart to do harm to others! No one doesn't love his children. If even his children can be cruel, who can he be cruel to? No one doesn't love their parents. If they don't want to see their parents for fifteen years, even their parents will be left behind, who won't be left behind for other people? "
Qi Huangong asked, "But these three people have been with me for a long time. Why didn't you mention them before?"
Guan Zhong said, "A monarch should enjoy his hobbies in his private life, otherwise, there will be no fun in being a monarch, but these hobbies must not interfere with state affairs. Before I die, I can still scare them. But after I die, I'm afraid they will burst like a flood. "
However, Qi Huangong has been under the guidance of Guan Zhong since he acceded to the throne. Only this matter greatly disappoints him.
Two years later, in the ninth year of King Xiang of Zhou (643 BC), Qi Huangong was seriously ill and could not get up. Vertical Diao, Yi Ya found that Qi Huangong had no use value, and loyalty could not bring benefits, so they decided to kill Prince Jiang Zhao and make another son of Qi Huangong, Jiang Wuxue, as your king, so that they could naturally achieve the high position of prime minister. So the prescription came forward and ordered that no one was allowed to enter or leave the monarch's bedroom.
Three days later, Qi Huangong was still alive, and Vertical Diao and Yi Ya flew into a rage, and simply drove all the people around Qi Huangong away. Then a wall was built around the bedroom to isolate the inside and outside, and Qi Huangong was finally starved to death on his sickbed. A generation of overlord in the Spring and Autumn Period died so tragically.
After Qi Huangong starved to death, the corpse stayed on the hearse for sixty-seven days, with flies gathering, and the corpse rotted and gave birth to maggots. It was not until the number of maggots climbed out of the fence that people realized that the all-powerful figure was dead, but no one dared to be buried for a while.
Later, Prince Jiang Zhao fled to the Song State (now Shangqiu, Henan Province). Two men, Vertical Diao and Yi Ya, killed a group of officials and made Jiang Wuxue the king of Qi, while the Kaifang made another son, Jiang Pan, the king. At the same time, two sons, Jiang businessman and Jiang Yuan, also claimed to be the king of Qi.
The four monarchs of the State of Qi each claimed to be the legitimate heirs, so they fought and fought in Linzi, the capital of the State of Qi, until the next year (the tenth year of King Xiang of Zhou, 642 BC), when the Song army escorted Jiang Zhao back to China, which ended the chaos. However, the hegemonic position of Qi came to an end.
However, Qi still relied on the foundation of rule of law established by Guan Zhong. Although its military strength was exhausted in the civil strife, it remained a political power and a first-class power throughout the Spring and Autumn Period. Even when the hegemony of Jin reached its peak, it could only regard Qi as an ally, but did not dare to boss Qi around like other vassal states.
When Qi Huangong was seriously ill, Yi Ya, Zhi Diao, Kai Fang and others imprisoned Qi Huangong in the royal palace and built a high wall to keep him out. In winter, Qi Huangong starved to death. Qi Huangong's maggots were out of doors, and later Yi Ya and Vertical Diao killed a group of officials, making the son Jiang Wuxue the monarch.
The descendants of Kaifang take the "Kai" in their ancestors' names as their surnames, and their family is in Tongcheng, Anhui Province, which is called Wan Tong Kai's, and the history is called Kai's authenticity.
the second origin: it comes from the won surname, which comes from the founding general Kai Zhao in the early Southern Song Dynasty, and belongs to the ancestor's name.
According to the document China Dictionary of Names, during the Song Dynasty, a native of Linyi, Yizhou (now Linyi, Shandong) opened Zhao as the manager of Zhexi Road. Zhao Yuan's original surname was Zhao, and his surname was changed to Kai's with the intention of founding the country.
In the 28th year of Shaoxing, Zhao Gou, Song Gaozong (AD 1158), he started Zhao Jiehao Jie uprising, with tens of thousands of soldiers, and recovered Mizhou and Rizhao County occupied by the State of Jin. He was a patriot. Later, he was appointed by the Southern Song Dynasty court as the commander of the loyalty army and horses in Hebei Road, Shandong Province, and added the official pu zhou Regiment as the general manager of Zhexi Road.
The descendants of Kai Zhao all took Kai Zhao as their ancestor, abandoned Zhao and changed to Kai, and their clan looked to Juye, Shandong Province, which was called Juye Kai.
the third origin: it originated from Manchu, and originated from the Uyghur, Xilin Jueluo and Fuda Nala tribes in ancient times. It belongs to the sinicization and changed its surname to surname.
In the Qing Dynasty, there were Manchu Wu Yashi, Xilin Jueluoshi and Fuda Nala, whose ancestral home was Fengcheng, Liaoning Province, and they belonged to Zhengbai Banner of Manchuria. Later, those who changed their surnames to Kai's were called Manchu Kai's.
the ancestor's surname is Kaifang and Kaizhao.
2. Distribution:
Today, there are Kaiguantun in Dayi Town, Juye County, Heze City, Shandong Province, Hefei City in Anhui Province, Xujiazui Village and Yanggong Village in Xiangpu Town, Tongcheng City, Xiaokaizhuang in Huai 'an City, Jiangsu Province, Yin han cun in Liangduo Town, Dongtai City, Kaichen Village in Shangcai County, Henan Province, Tonghua City in Jilin Province, Yanshou County in Heilongjiang Province, Qingyang County in Gansu Province and an xiang City in Hunan Province.
III. County View:
Tongcheng County: Tongcheng is located in the southwest of central Anhui Province, on the north bank of the Yangtze River, at the eastern foot of Dabie Mountain, bordering Lujiang and Zongyang counties in the east, Qianshan County in the west, Shucheng County in the north and Huaining County and Anqing City in the south. Yangzhou in Xia Dynasty and Xuzhou in Shang Dynasty. During the Zhou Dynasty, Tongguo was established. The Qin Dynasty belonged to Shu County. In the 16th year of Emperor Wendi of the Western Han Dynasty (164 BC), Zongyang County was analyzed. In the 18th year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (AD 598), it was changed to Tongan County, and in the 2nd year of Tang Dynasty to Germany (AD 757), it was changed to Tongcheng County. In August, 1996, with the approval of the State Council, Tongcheng withdrew from the county and set up a city, which belongs to Anqing City, Anhui Province.
Juye county: Juye was named after Onozawa in the ancient swamp area.
Fourth, word generation ranking:
Shandong Juye, Heilongjiang Yanshou, Jilin Tonghua Kaishi word generation: "Zong Ying-bing follows the good family, Rui Baixiang, Wan Lai Xing Yi, the vast country, Jingqing, Chang 'an, has the will to live and keep the light, and he is as loyal as a pine."
Anhui Tongcheng, Jiangsu Huai 'an, Jiangsu Dongtai, Gansu Qingyang, Henan Shangcai, Hunan Anxiang, Hunan Hanshou Kaishi generation: "Poets, calligraphers, sages, writers, and scholars have greatly increased their popularity in the world, and Jinhua has a deep roots, beautiful branches, rich virtues, and redundant reputation."
V. Historical celebrity:
Kai Xiang: (1937-present), a native of Shangcai, Henan. Famous orthopedic medical expert.
graduated from Zhengzhou Orthopedic Hospital in 1966. He used to be an orthopedic physician in nanzhao county People's Hospital. He is currently the deputy chief physician of the Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Member of China Research Association of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine.
I have been engaged in the medical, clinical and teaching work of orthopedics and traumatology for more than 3 years, with a firm professional thinking, insisting on learning the theory of orthopedics and traumatology, and paying close attention to the professional development and academic trends of orthopedics and traumatology at home and abroad. He was awarded the title of "Advanced Worker" in Henan Province, "Three Education Principles" in Henan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and "Excellent Member" in the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
The monographs include Modern Clinical Chinese Medicine, Jingwei Theory of Chinese Medicine in Bed Supervision, and he has written more than 2 papers and clinical reports, such as Report on 23 Cases of Femoral Head Necrosis Treated by TCM Syndrome Differentiation, 6 Cases of Traumatic Qi Stagnation Pain in Chest and Ribs, and 216 Cases of Pulse-type Cervical Spondylosis Treated by Chinese Medicine Traction. He has participated in international and national academic seminars on bone injuries for many times to exchange experiences.
The projects that won the second prize of scientific research include X-ray collection and arrangement of typical cases in orthopedics teaching, characteristics of Henan bonesetting and clinical and experimental research on acute soft tissue injury treated with hematoxylin. The developed "Rehabilitation Device for Lower Extremity Hemiplegia" won the national patent.
Kai Chaohai: (1939 ~ present), born in Anxiang, Hunan. Famous local sports officials.
cadre of Changde Sports Bureau, Hunan Province, retired.
Kai Xuelian: (195 ~ present), born in Hanshou, Hunan. Famous local civil affairs workers.
stationmaster of the collection and dispatch station in Hanshou County, Hunan Province.
Kai Yong: (1969-present), born in Anxiang, Hunan. Famous local sports officials.
Changde Sports Bureau, Hunan Province, trains and competes cadres.
Kailong (1988-present) was born in Xujiazui, Xiangpu, Tongcheng, Anhui.