These damages are mainly reflected in the following points:
1. cytotoxicity
Some virulent viruses, in the process of replication and proliferation in host cells, block the original protein synthesis and DNA replication of cells, and make the cell metabolism disorder; At the same time, a large number of virus replication will also lead to the damage of many organelles in cells. Then in a very short time, a large number of these proliferating progeny viruses were released, causing cell lysis and death.
A typical example is poliovirus. Polio, that is, polio, the damage of motor neurons in patients is caused by the direct action of virus, which also leads to muscle paralysis.
2. Stabilize infection
If some viruses kill cells with a "fatal blow", others kill cells with a "gentle knife".
Some "mild" viruses will replicate after invading cells, but will not cause immediate cell lysis and death. This process is very slow and will not hinder cell metabolism. However, their deadly place is not a direct attack. Their infection can fuse host cells and produce surface antigens. These stably infected cells will soon be targeted by the immune cells of the body because of their virus antigens, and will eventually die.
Typical examples are influenza virus and measles virus.