In addition to these high-tech enterprises, there are also emerging self-driving start-ups such as Ma Xiao Zhixing, Wen Yuan Zhixing, AutoX, Winch Technology and Main Line Technology; Superstar Future, Auto Berry, Hongjing Zhijia and other new first-class suppliers focusing on the research and development of advanced autonomous driving of private cars; As well as the new car-making forces such as Weilai, Tucki and Ideality, which started from pure electric vehicles, have joined the automobile industry chain, promoting the process of electrification and intelligence of automobiles.
Senior Product Marketing Manager of Western Digital
It is these new players that have put the traditional automobile industry chain under unprecedented pressure, and also promoted the traditional automobile manufacturers to accelerate the landing of new technologies and applications. According to Ai Ruite, senior product marketing manager of Western Digital, with the continuous advancement of automotive intelligent networking, the electronic and electrical architecture (E/E) of automobiles has also changed, from the initial distributed architecture to domain integration and central control unit.
Smartphones on wheels put forward more requirements for storage architecture.
Now many people in the industry agree that the car is in the right direction? Smartphone on wheels? Evolution, this change has led manufacturers to introduce more and more sensors, motors such as cameras, radars and lidar, and even technologies such as Ethernet and artificial intelligence into automobiles.
Elliott believes that the introduction of more sensors, the increase of networking technology and artificial intelligence technology, and the change of automotive electronic and electrical architecture have greatly changed the requirements for on-board storage products.
? In the field of automobile storage, the number of bicycles will be significantly reduced and the capacity will be significantly improved. ? Elliott pointed out in a speech at Auto Tech 202 1 held in Guangzhou not long ago.
Counterpoint's report also confirms this. Analysts predict that the storage capacity of cars and bicycles will reach about 2TB in the next decade. ? At present, on-board storage is mainly used in intelligent cockpit and central control system, with 32GB for fuel vehicles and 64GB or 128GB for electric vehicles. Compared with 2TB, there is still huge room for improvement. ? Elliot said.
He analyzed that in order to cope with the development of automobile electrification, intelligence, networking and automation, storage products also face these challenges, including four major challenges:
The first is the reliability and security of data, which is the most basic and severe challenge faced by storage manufacturers, and also the key factor of relevant laws and regulations and insurance liability. Because for autonomous driving, the reliability and safety of data means the safety of life.
Storage vendors have also done a lot of work in data reliability and security. For e.MMC, UFS and SSD, the storage unit consists of two parts, one is the storage medium Raw NAND, and the other is the controller and firmware.
In order to ensure a better TBW (total written bytes), that is, the total amount of data that can be written continuously during the product life cycle, storage vendors generally balance the bottom layer through controllers and firmware. ? Generally speaking, TBW is erase-resistant, which means that NAND flash memory has a long life. If the data sheet stipulates that the erase times of NAND Flash are 3000 times, then customers need to consider whether this TBW can meet their application requirements. ?
There is also a host lock, that is, welding a memory on the vehicle host, and it is useless to put the memory with the host lock on another host, because it has been locked with the original host, which can also ensure the security of data.
Write protection is also a very important function. For example, if there is an accident in a car, some users worry that the data will be tampered with by the car manufacturer. Our storage manufacturer is negotiating with the host manufacturer and Tier 1 enterprise for an effective cooperative protection mechanism to ensure that no one, including the memory manufacturer, can tamper with the stored data after the vehicle accident and before the police check the data, so as to ensure the fairness and seriousness of judicial supervision during the investigation. ? Elliot said.
Second, complex application scenarios. With the transformation of electronic and electrical architecture to domain and central control unit, the storage requirements of application integration become more complicated, not just reading or writing. For example, navigation is a reading-intensive operation, and driving recorder is a writing-intensive operation.
Especially with the change of electronic and electrical architecture and the use of central control unit, memory needs to withstand more complex operating system environment. For example, Qualcomm's 8 155 platform integrates intelligent cockpit, digital instruments and central control, so it is necessary to use Hypervisor to allow multiple operating systems and applications to share the same hardware. But in fact, the current memory structure can only be logically partitioned, but not physically partitioned.
? For a simple example, the computers we use now have disk C, disk D or disk E. In fact, disk C, disk D and disk E are only logical partitions, and the underlying memory is not physically partitioned. The data stored in these disks are scattered in one memory. No matter which disk is broken, it means that the whole memory disk is broken. ? Elliott pointed out.
So, this will bring a problem. For example, the driving recorder is an application that needs high erasure support. If the driving recorder is also integrated into the intelligent cockpit, it will be easy. But if you don't do physical partition, it may be because of the high erasure of the driving recorder, and soon the whole memory will be broken.
In order to adapt to this change and make the data more secure, Western Digital can now provide a solution, which is to do read-write balance isolation at the bottom. For example, in the memory, TLC and S LC can be used respectively. Because SLC can support high erasure, the SLC part can be used as the storage of driving recorder. ? Elliot said.
Third, mass data storage. In order to meet the needs of autonomous driving, more and more radars and cameras are deployed on cars, which will generate a large amount of data during driving.
Especially taxi companies have a great demand for data storage capacity. Nowadays, the amount of data generated by bicycles is about 8GB a day, but in fact, the storage capacity of mainstream cars is between 2GB and 4GB.
Errit takes the cooperation between Western Digital and Waymo as an example. Western Digital installed 10 industrial-grade solid-state drives on Waymo's self-driving taxi, which means that Waymo's bicycle storage capacity requirement is 20TB. In fact, this is also the storage demand of most self-driving cars.
Fourth, high performance, radar and camera will produce a lot of data during driving. In order to prevent data loss, it is necessary to support high performance and large bandwidth storage.
In fact, storage products are constantly innovating to achieve higher transmission rates. In terms of embedded memory, the mainstream storage product used in the automotive field is e.MMC, and UFS products are faster than e.MMC. At present, UFS2. 1 is mainly used in the automotive field. In fact, consumer electronics have adopted UFS3.0 products on a large scale. Ai Rui Te predicts that the products of automobile grade UFS3. 1 should be on the market within two years.
In addition, in terms of SSD, the current SSD in the automotive field mainly adopts SATA interface, and SSD products with higher bandwidth and faster speed in the future may also be applied to automobiles. The advantage of using SSD is that the capacity can be made larger. For example, the maximum capacity of UFS interface may be 5 12GB, but SSD can easily achieve 4TB, 8TB or even more.
Solutions to meet the needs of automobiles
According to Errit, Western Digital can provide a complete solution from end to cloud to support current and future vehicle system requirements. It provides small-sized embedded terminal storage and mobile storage for a variety of application scenarios and data centers, and is used to obtain and analyze a large amount of data collected from vehicles. He particularly emphasized that Western Digital's automotive flash memory products have passed IATF 16949 certification, which conforms to AEC-Q 100 standard.
In terms of products, there are iNAND embedded flash drives (EFD) for automobiles, which support UFS and e.MMC interfaces and have multiple capacities, and adopt 1 1.5? The small package of 13mm can provide automobile OEMs and first-class suppliers with choices that meet their needs. For example, iNAND AT EU3 12 is an automobile UFS (universal flash memory storage) based on 3D NAND technology, with high data transmission speed UFS 2. 1 interface and additional UFS 3.0 automobile functions, which can provide a maximum capacity of 256GB, and its performance is 2.5 times that of the previous generation products based on e.MMC, and at Eu31.
Its e.MMC embedded flash drive is based on e.MMC 5. 1 standard and adopts 2D or 3D NAND technology. The specific product is EM 122, which has obtained many automobile design certifications and put into production. The capacity of EM 132 in the automobile market has reached 256GB.
In terms of PCIe SSD, there are products such as CL SN720 and CL SN520, which adopt PCIe Gen3 NVMe interface, with a capacity of 2TB and a durability of 1600 TBW.
Success stories with partners
At Auto Tech 202 1 Exhibition, Western Digital not only showed its own on-board storage solution, but also brought some successful cases of its partners.
Is there any information? Active security and intelligent prevention and control of vehicle video terminal K5-P? Solution.
In terms of vehicle monitoring, does its partner display information? Active security can only prevent and control the vehicle video terminal K5-P? The solution supports ADAS and DSM only monitoring, and adopts the integrated design of recorder, video function and active safety function. Also supports hard disk (2.5? HDD)+ SD card (western data WD Ziwei SD memory card), dual storage to ensure data security; And has a hard disk shock protection mechanism; In addition, there is a patented information storage medium protection device, which can prevent the hard disk from being disassembled and the memory card from being inserted and removed at will. In addition, its unique storage mode of streaming media file system ensures data security from being tampered with.
In terms of in-vehicle infotainment system, its partner Ray showed it? Front loading scale group? The solution -CS 199 MT8666AV module, based on the pre-assembly meter packaged by MediaTek MT8666AV chip, with 4G communication module, has the characteristics of rich functions, high integration, small size, low power consumption, excellent performance and stable quality, which can meet the requirements of intelligent and networked pre-assembly of automobiles, help customers shorten the project development cycle, reduce R&D investment and reduce quality control. In terms of storage, the product of Western Digital iNAND AT EM 132 is adopted, which is the first product based on 3D TLC NAND e.MMC interface in the automobile market. The standard BGA package is adopted, and the capacity ranges from 32GB to 256GB. It has the characteristics of quick startup, automatic refresh, enhanced operation health monitoring, online firmware upgrade and 100% pre-recording, and AEC-Q65438. C turn 105? C) and level 3 (-40? C to 85? C) two options.
The solution of intelligent driver assistance system displayed by Iris Electronics.
In addition, the western data site also showed a wealth of solutions such as intelligent navigation, intelligent driving and car networking using iNAND AT EM 122.
Ms. Wen Fang, Sales Director of Embedded Products Sales Department in China District of Western Digital Corporation.
Wen Fang, sales director of embedded products sales department in China District of Western Digital Corporation, said? The commercialization of new technologies such as car networking and autonomous driving has greatly promoted the development of the new four modernizations of automobiles, and also put forward more stringent requirements for the safety, reliability, large capacity, high performance and complex scene applications of on-board storage solutions. As the leader of data infrastructure, Western Digital provides 8GB- 18TB capacity, including e.MMC/UFS/micro SD/SSD/HDD and other vehicle-grade and enterprise-grade storage products with different specifications, which supports the application of new end-edge-cloud data architecture in the automotive field and meets the diversified needs of bicycle intelligence and vehicle-road coordination at present and in the future. ?
In the future, Western Digital will continue to break through innovation, empower the reform and development in the automotive field with excellent products and solutions, and bring people a safer and better driving experience.
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In recent years, with the continuous development of autonomous driving, the automobile industry is undergoing unprecedented changes. High-definition 3D maps, advanced assisted driving system (ADAS), autonomous computers, AI, big data, enhanced infotainment system, wireless update and V2X technology are gradually popularized in automobiles, and all these functions need on-board data storage. In the future, the storage demand of automobiles will increase. How to meet the special needs of the automobile market is something that storage enterprises must consider.
Reprinted from electronic enthusiasts @20 19