Grade 2 Physics Paper 1
Class_______Name________Score________
One: multiple choice questions (2 points each, *** 40 points)
1. Among the following phenomena, the reflection of light is ( )
A. When the swimming pool is filled with water, the bottom of the pool looks shallower
B. When people are in the sun, shadows appear on the ground
C. The reflection of the Seventeen-hole Bridge can be seen in the water of Kunming Lake in the Summer Palace
D. Chopsticks tilted When inserted into water, the underwater part looks upturned
2. The following table lists the melting points and boiling points of some metals (under standard atmospheric pressure). According to the data in the table, which of the following statements is correct? ( )
Substance Mercury Gold Copper Steel Tungsten
Melting point (℃) -39 1064 1083 1515 3410
Boiling point (℃) 357 2500 2360 2750 5900
A. Gold nuggets will not melt in molten steel
B. Because the boiling point of tungsten filament is relatively high, the filament in the electric lamp is made of tungsten filament
C. The boiling points of the metals listed in the table can be measured with a mercury thermometer
D. At -42°C, a mercury thermometer cannot be used to measure temperature
3. The focal length of a convex lens is 5cm. If you use it to see a stamp, the distance between the stamp and the convex lens should be ( )
A. 5cm B. Between 5cm and 10cm
C. Less than 5cm D. Any number
4. The focal length of a convex lens is 10cm. When the object is along the principal optical axis In the process of gradually moving from a distance of 50cm from the convex lens to a distance of 10cm from the convex lens, the change of the image formed by the object through this convex lens is ( )
A. Gradually getting larger B. Gradually getting smaller
C. Unchanged D. From small to large and then magnified again
5. The lens in the human eye is equivalent to a convex lens, and the retina behind the eyeball is equivalent to a light screen. When the human eye sees an object, A clear image is formed on the retina, then the image should be ( )
A. A real image reduced inverted B. A real image enlarged inverted
C. A virtual image reduced upright D. Upright Upright magnified virtual image
6. The focal length of a convex lens is 15cm. When the object is placed on the main axis 5cm away from the focus, the image formed must be ( )
A. Magnified inverted real image< /p>
B. Magnified inverted virtual image
C. Magnified image
D. Reduced image
7. When exploring the imaging of convex lenses , the following statement is correct ( )
A. The real image is always upright, and the virtual image is always inverted
B. Both the real image and the virtual image must be able to be enlarged or reduced< /p>
C. When forming a real image, the closer the object is to the convex lens, the larger the image will be.
D. When forming a virtual image, the closer the object is to the convex lens, the larger the image will be.
8. A beam of light is incident from air into water obliquely. As the incident angle gradually increases, the refraction angle ( )
A. gradually decreases B. remains unchanged
C. gradually
Increases, but is always smaller than the incident angle D. Gradually increases, and may be larger than the incident angle
9. Among the following phenomena, the one that belongs to the refraction of light is……………… ( )
A. We can see objects that do not emit light from different directions B. People stand on I saw fish in the lake by the lake
C. A certain part of the blackboard was "reflective" and the words on it could not be seen clearly D. At night, the shadow of a person appeared under the street lamp
10. The instrument with the same imaging principle as the movie projector is…………………………( )
A.Camera B.Magnifying glass C.Projector D.Periscope
11. A candle is placed in front of a convex lens. Adjusting the position of the mirror can produce a clear and reduced image on the screen. If the position of the lens remains unchanged, reverse the candle and the light screen.……………………（ )
A. The image no longer appears on the light screen B. The image of the candle can be seen through the lens
C. A reduced image can still appear on the light screen D. On the light screen A magnified image will be displayed
12. In the picture below, the reflection phenomenon of light is:………………………… ( )
A. The flashlight beam at night B. Through the magnifying glass, the nose becomes bigger
C. People see the image in the mirror D. Chopsticks bend upward in the water
13. In physics, ρ represents density, m represents mass, and V represents volume, so the formula for density can be expressed is ρ=m∕V, the correct understanding of the following statement is ( )
A. For different substances, the larger m is, the larger ρ
B. For the same substance , ρ is inversely proportional to V
C. For the same substance, ρ is directly proportional to m
D. None of the above statements are correct
14. If not Gravity, the following statements cannot happen ( )
A. The waterfall will disappear from now on B. People will leave the earth with a light jump
C. Objects will lose mass D . The atmosphere no longer exists
15. Many parts of the bicycle, a commonly used means of transportation in daily life, are designed with friction factors in mind. The incorrect description is ( )
A. When braking, there is rolling friction between the brake pad and the rolling wheel
B. Ball bearings are installed in the axle to reduce friction
C. Handlebar cover The patterned grip is to increase friction
D. During an emergency stop, the wheel dragged a black line on the ground. During this process, the wheel was subject to sliding friction
16. A small ball is pulled by a thin thread and is making uniform circular motion on a smooth horizontal surface, as shown in Figure 5. Suddenly the thin thread breaks, and the small ball will ( )
A. Stop immediately
B. Make a decelerating circular motion and finally stop
C. Due to inertia, maintain a uniform circular motion
D. Make a uniform linear motion
17. The measures to reduce the pressure effect in the following cases are ( )
① Place sleepers under the rails; ② Make the butt of the gun wide and flat; ③ The schoolbag strap must be wider;
④The tip of the needle must be ground finer; ⑤Tanks must use tracks; ⑥The blade of the kitchen knife must be ground thinner to be sharp;
⑦When driving piles, the tip of the pile must be sharp
< p>A. ①③④ B. ②⑤⑦ C. ①②③⑤ D. ①③⑤⑥18. A flask filled with water is slowly lifted out of the water with the opening downward. Before the mouth of the tube leaves the water, The position of the water surface in the flask will be ( )
A. Gradually lower, to be level with the water surface outside the bottle
B. Gradually lower, but always higher than the water surface outside the bottle
C. Gradually lower first, reaching the neck The height remains unchanged
D. Will not decrease, the water fills the entire flask.
19. As the saying goes: "Sit in a well and look at the sky, you will see very little." This phenomenon illustrates ( )
A. The propagation speed of light is too fast
B. Light propagates in a straight line in the same material
C. Light is reflected
p>
D. Light is refracted
20. Among the following measures, the ones that reduce noise during the propagation process are ( )
A. Improve the performance of automobile engines and reduce their vibration
B. Plant trees on the side of residential buildings close to the road
C. Hold the vibrating steel bar with your hands
D. It is prohibited to set off fireworks and firecrackers in urban areas
Two: Fill in the blanks (each question is 3 points ***15 points)
21. The path of light propagating in uneven air is curved, which is actually a phenomenon. The chopsticks inserted into the water appear partially in the water. This is due to 璤__.
22. There is a tunnel 5300m long. After completion, a car will need _____s to pass through the tunnel at a constant speed of 20m/s. If there is a jeep directly in front of the car and always keep a certain distance from it, then the car will be ________s based on those two jeeps. (still or in motion).
23 Put an egg into a cylindrical glass filled with water and find that the egg has become larger. This is because the round glass filled with water is equivalent to one, and what you see is an "egg" Upright, , .
24. The image formed after the light from a distant object is refracted by the eyeball's refractive system is as shown in the figure below. According to this light path diagram, this person needs to wear glasses with lenses for correction.
25. Fill in the units of the following data to make it consistent with the actual situation:
(1) The average speed of my country's famous athlete Liu Xiang when he won the 110m hurdles final in the Athens Olympics
is about 8.52______.
(2) The thickness of an eighth-grade (first) physics textbook is about 9________.
Three: Experimental questions and drawing questions each worth 4 points***12 points)
26 In the experiment of "Exploring the rules of imaging by convex lenses":
(1) First note the position of the convex lens, and after placing the experimental equipment on the optical bench, adjust The height of the convex lens is such that their center ____________________.
(2) When the object is _______ focal length away, it looks like a virtual image. When the object is ____________ away, it looks like a reduced _______ , real image.
27 Draw the force diagram of the following block M
M
28 When Beibei uses the pallet balance again, put the measured object and the weight The location is wrong. If the balance is balanced with one weight of 100g and one weight of 20g placed on the left plate, and the weight reading is 4g, then the mass of the object is _______.
4. Calculation and answer questions: (** *43 points)
29 (10 points) There is a container with a bottom area of ??30cm2, containing alcohol weighing 8N, and a depth of 15cm. Find the pressure and pressure exerted on the bottom of the container by the alcohol. (g takes 10).
30 (10 points) A train is 200m long and passes through a cave at a speed of 72km/hd. It takes 2 minutes to find the length of the cave.
The return speed is 54km/h. How long does it take to pass through the cave?
31. (10 points) A square metal block with a length of 8 is placed in the center of a horizontal board with an area of ??100cm2. The pressure exerted by the metal block on the board is 6.125kPa. Find the density of the metal block. (take g 10N/kg)
32. (15 points) A metal block with a volume of 10-2m3 and a weight of 250N is immersed in water (g is 10N/kg). Then (1) the buoyancy force on the metal block is How many?
(2) If the metal block is made into a sealed metal ball with a volume of 3×10-2m3 and put into water, please judge the floating and sinking of the metal ball; (write down the basis for judgment)
(3) The buoyancy force on the metal ball when it is at rest.
(A) Paper
1. Multiple-choice questions (30 points)
1. Xiao Ming went to the school infirmary to measure his height, and the doctor wrote him a number : Height is 1.59, but the unit is not written. The unit behind this data should be ( )
A. N B. kg C. s D. m
2. Both objects A and B move in a straight line at a constant speed. The speed of A is twice the speed of B. The movement time of A is three times the movement time of B. Then the distance traveled by A is B Through the distance ( )
A. 2 times B. 3 times c. 6 times D. 5 times
3. Among the following, the one that cannot transmit sound is ( )
A. gas b. liquid c. solid d. Vacuum
4. When people buy bowls, they often touch the two bowls together to listen to the sound they make. Judging the quality of a bowl is mainly based on the sound
A. Tone b. Loudness c. timbre D. Volume
5. Which of the following facts or phenomena belongs to the reflection of light ( )
A. People walking under the street lights are followed by silhouettes
B. The clear bottom of the pool looks shallower
C. In the morning, when the sun was still below the horizon, we saw it
D. Install a large mirror on the wall of the hotel to make people feel like they are enlarging the space
6. When a solar eclipse occurs, which one of the sun, earth, and moon is in the middle ( )
A. sun b. moon c. Earth D. Unable to determine
7. The scientist who laid the foundation of classical physics is ( )
A. Newton B. Galileo C. Einstein D. Copernicus
< p>8. Among the following phenomena, the object changes its state of motion due to force ( )A. Knead the dough vigorously and the shape of the dough changes B. Compress the spring by hand
C. The archer's drawn bow D. A gust of wind blew the dust on the ground flying all over the sky
9. Which of the following statements about gravity is incorrect ( )
A. Objects in the air do not experience gravity B. The object exerting gravity is the earth
C. The direction of gravity is always vertically downward D. The magnitude of gravity is proportional to mass
lO. In the experiment of exploring "Characteristics of plane mirror imaging", a lit candle A was placed in front of a flat glass plate, and another identical candle B was placed behind the glass plate, as shown in Figure 1. Move the following candle B until it looks exactly like the previous candle A. The main purpose of doing this is ( )
A. Verify that the distance between the image and the object to the mirror is equal
B. Verify that the image is the same size as the object
C. Verify the virtual image formed by the plane mirror
D. Verify that the plane mirror imaging satisfies the reflection laws of light
11. Noise seriously pollutes the environment, affects people's lives and work, and has become a social hazard. Among the following measures, the ones that cannot effectively control noise are (
)
A. Remove urban garbage and keep the environment clean. B. Set up barriers between roads and residential areas.
C. Plant trees and grass for greening. D. Forbid cars to honk their horns on busy roads< /p>
12. Xiaoli was playing by the lake. She saw "fish swimming in the white clouds" in the pond. The correct analysis of this phenomenon is ( )
A. The fish she saw were formed by the refraction of light. B. The cloud is a virtual image formed by refraction
C. The fish seen is a virtual image formed by light reflection D. The cloud is a virtual image formed by light reflection
13. Locomotive tractor carriage Moving forward on a horizontal rail, the carriage is subject to forward traction and backward resistance from the rail and air. If their motion is uniform linear motion, then [ ]
A. The traction force should be greater than the resistance B. The resultant force of traction and resistance is zero
C. The combined force of traction force and resistance should be greater than the traction force D. The combined force of traction and resistance should be greater than the resistance
14. Among the following examples, the one that increases friction is ( )
A. Add lubricating oil to the rotating shaft of the car B. The pattern of the sole C. Install rollers on the suitcase
D. Hovercraft uses gas to separate the boat from the water
15. Use a thin wire to hang a small metal ball in an elevator that rises at a constant speed. After the ball stabilizes, cut the hanging wire. Among the following statements about the movement of the small ball, the correct one is ( )
A. Using the elevator as a reference object, the ball falls immediately B. Using the elevator as a reference, the ball first rises and then falls
C. Using the ground as a reference, the ball falls immediately D. Using the ground as a reference, the ball is stationary
2. Fill-in-the-blank questions (40 points)
Plane mirror
Convex lens
Transparent film< /p>
Threaded lens
16. "The moon sets and crows fill the sky with frost, and the river maples and fishermen sleep in sorrow. Outside the Hanshan Temple in Suzhou City, the midnight bell rings for the passenger ship" is a popular Tang poem. The bell mentioned in the poem was produced when the big bell in Hanshan Temple was struck. The reason why the guests on the ship could hear the bell instead of other sounds was based on the sound.
17. As shown in the figure is the structural principle of a teaching projector, in which the function of the threaded lens is , the function of the convex lens is , and the function of the plane mirror is .
18. Skiing is a favorite sport among people in the north. In some places, people use deer-pulled skis for skiing competitions (Figure 3-25). It is known that the sliding friction between the ski and the ice surface is O of the total gravity of the ski and the person. 02 times, the total mass of the ski and person is 180kg. If a deer pulls a ski and moves in a straight line at a constant speed on a horizontal ice surface, the pressure of the ski on the ground is ______N, and the deer's pulling force is ________N. (g takes 10N/kg)
19. There is a 500m long straight road from Xiaotong’s home to school. Once he came home from school and started walking at a constant speed of 1m/s. When he walked Halfway through the journey, it suddenly started raining heavily, and he immediately ran home at a constant speed of 5m/s. The time it took Xiaotong to walk in the first half of the journey was ______s, and his average speed during the entire process from school to home was _____ m/s.
20． Fill in the horizontal lines with the physical knowledge involved in the following phenomena
(1) On May 23, 2005, the "mirage" phenomenon was observed in Penglai, Shandong. ______
(2) Pinhole imaging phenomenon. ______ (3) "The pond reflects the bright moon." ______
21. The three primary colors of light are red, ______, and blue. If you look at red flowers through green glass, the flowers you see are ______ color.
22． Before the storm came, the strong wind bent the small trees and blew the fallen leaves flying all over the sky. From the analysis of the effect of force, wind force causes ______ in small trees and changes the ______ of fallen leaves.
23. One day in May, Xiaoli came to Shiyan Lake to watch the dragon boat competition. As soon as she entered, she saw Shiyan Lake surrounded by green trees, with fluttering colorful flags and happy crowds reflected in the crystal clear water. There were dragon boats parked in the lake ready to go. With the starter's gunshot, the participating athletes paddled backwards one by one. The dragon boats were like galloping dragons, speeding forward on the lake. The scenery on the shore quickly passed behind the athletes' eyes, and the scenery on the lake shore came from Waves of cheers and applause...
There are many physical phenomena in the above description. Please give two examples and tell us the physical knowledge they contain.
Physical Phenomenon
Physics Knowledge
Example
The scenery on the shore quickly passed behind the athlete's eyes
Using athletes as reference objects
1
2
3. Drawing and experimental questions (22 points)
24. Figures 8 means that there is a small bump A on the back of someone's head. He uses two plane mirrors M1 and M2 to observe it. If you can see it by looking along the EO direction, please draw the exact position of point A and the optical path diagram of the reflected light on the picture.
25. As shown in the figure, the car slows down and moves forward. Draw a schematic diagram of the force on object A suspended in the car.
Figure 3-30
26. Figure 3-30 is a Venn diagram of two mutually balancing forces and two interacting forces. Their similarities have been marked in the overlapping areas of the two circles. Please write down their unique characteristics (differences). Within the portion of the corresponding circle outside the overlapping area.
27. When exploring "what factors are related to the size of friction", Xiaohua, based on his own experience when pushing a box, the heavier the box, the harder it is to push, and proposed "the factors that may affect the size of friction". The conjecture that "it is related to the pressure on the contact surface"; Xiaohui, based on the fact that when pushing a box, the rougher the ground, the harder it is to push it, he put forward the conjecture that "the factors that affect the friction force may be related to the roughness of the contact surface". Figure 3-12 is a diagram of the experimental device used to verify their conjecture.
(1) In order to complete his own research, Xiaohui should proceed according to the two pictures _______.
(2) If Xiaohua chooses the correct experimental device to conduct the experiment and obtains the experimental data recorded in the table below, please use the data to make the friction force f and the contact surface in the coordinates given in Figure 3-13 Image of the relationship between the magnitude of the pressure N.
(3) According to the image, it can be concluded that the relationship between f and N is ________.
(4) Xiaohua and Xiaohui should make the car _________ movement during the experiment.
28. There is a milestone every 1 kilometer on the side of the highway, indicating the distance from the starting point of the highway to this monument, in kilometers. Design a method to use milestones and watches to measure the speed of a bicycle traveling at a constant speed at a medium speed, and provide a calculation formula with the calculation result in kilometers per hour. In order to reduce errors in measurement, please put at least two points in mind.
4. Analysis and calculation. (8 points)
29. Xiao Ming used the holidays to visit his grandma in Shanghai. He came to Zhenjiang Railway Station and saw part of the train schedule as shown in the table below. After comparing the running times of the express T131 and the EMU "Harmony" D413, he decided to take the EMU "Harmony" D413 heads to Shanghai.
If both trains are running normally, let me ask: (1) How much less time does the EMU "Harmony" D413 run than the express T131?
(2) The EMU "Harmony" What is the average speed of D413 from Zhenjiang to Shanghai in m/s? How many kilometers/h?
(3) If the traction force of a train with a mass of 200t is 2×106N when it starts, the resistance If it is 0.2 times the weight of the train, how many newtons is the resultant force in the horizontal direction of the train?
Paper B (20 points)
1. Multiple choice questions (8 points)
1. As shown in Figure 3-19A, object A is always only acted upon by two forces F1 and F2 on the same straight line. The changes in the magnitude of F1 and F2 with time are shown in Figure 3-19B. Then the following analysis is correct Yes ( )
A. During the time t1, the resultant force on the object first becomes larger and then becomes smaller, and the direction of the resultant force is always the same as F2
B. During the time t1, the resultant force on the object first becomes smaller and then becomes larger, and the direction of the resultant force is always the same as F2
C. During the time t1, the resultant force on the object first becomes larger and then becomes smaller, and the direction of the resultant force is always opposite to F2
D. During the time t1, the resultant force on the object first becomes smaller and then becomes larger, and the direction of the resultant force is always opposite to F2
2. There are two eggs, one raw and one cooked, and let them lie on a smooth horizontal table. Start rotating simultaneously at the same speed: ( )
A. The raw eggs stopped spinning quickly, while the cooked eggs stopped spinning after a while
B. The cooked eggs stopped spinning quickly, while the raw eggs stopped spinning after a while
C. Both eggs stopped rotating quickly
D. Both eggs rotated for a while and then stopped at the same time
3. When Xiao Ming was listening to the lecture, he wanted to take a picture of the color slide image projected on the screen with a camera. Since the venue was dark, he used flash. Photos taken in this way ( )
A. On the contrary, the image projected on the screen cannot be clearly seen, and some stains on the screen are photographed
B. The colors are bright and much clearer than without flash
C. The color was "flashed out", and only black words and lines were photographed
D. The effect is the same as without flash, because what is photographed is the image on the screen, not the actual scenery
4. There is a small mirror under the lens barrel of a biological microscope to increase the intensity of light entering the lens tube. If you can choose the mirror surface of the small mirror, when used in biology class, the best effect is: ( )
A. Concave mirror B. Convex mirror C. Flat mirror D. Milky white plane
2. Fill-in-the-blank questions (4 points)
5. After reading the color picture "Refraction of Light" on the cover of the first volume of the "Physics" textbook of the current nine-year compulsory three-year junior high school, classmate Xiaohong did her own experiment. Based on his observations, he drew three pictures as shown in Figure 1A, B, and C. The correct picture was ______.
6． A train traveling at a constant speed whistles at a distance of 532.5 meters from the cliff. After 3 seconds, the driver hears the echo. It is known that the speed of sound is 340 meters/second, so the train is traveling at ______ meters/second.
3. Comprehensive questions (8 points)
7. Xiaohao made a spring scale, as shown in the picture, the spring has 20 turns. After inspection, the spring scale's indication is accurate within the measurement range (0-5N). Not only does the spring "extend in length proportional to the tensile force it receives," but when the spring is stretched by the tensile force, the elongation lengths of each turn are equal.
Once I accidentally squeezed and deformed a small part of the spring near the O end, Xiaohao cut off the deformed 3 turns,
and re-fixed the upper end of the spring at the O point. Then move the pointer C downward appropriately so that when the spring balance is placed vertically, the pointer C still points at the "O" mark.
(1)． Write down the relationship between the tensile force F on this newly modified spring balance and its indication F and explain the reason.
(2). Use this newly modified spring scale to weigh a heavy object. Its indication is 4.0N. What is the actual weight and mass of the object?
Reference answer:
Paper A ( 100 points)
1, D 2, C 3, D, 4, C 5, D 6, B 7, A 8, D 9, A 10, B 11, A 12, D 13, B 14. B 15. A
II. 16. Vibration sound 17. Converging light imaging changes the propagation direction of light
18. 1800 36 19. 250 1.67s 20. Light Straight line propagation of refracted light, deep reflection 21, green and black 22, state of deformation and motion
23, reflection of colorful flag light in water, clear lake water, refraction of bottom, rowing forcefully backward, boat speeding forward Forces work on each other to hear cheers and air can carry sound.
Three, 24, 25, 26 and 27 (1) A and C (2) and (3) Proportional relationship (4) Uniform linear motion
28. (1) Select a section Level the road, first record the first milestone moment t1 and the number of milestones is L1 (2) After driving at a constant speed for several kilometers, record the second milestone moment t2 and the number of milestones is L2 (3) Expression: (L2-L1)/t2- t1 Notes: (1) Start measuring after the bicycle rectification is stable (2) Use a digital stopwatch (3) The distance should not be too long or too short.
29. (1) 59min (2) 132.9km/h combined with 37m/s (3) 1.6*106N
Volume B (20)
One , 1, C 2, A 3, A 4, A
Two, 5, A and B 6, 15 7. (1) F=20/17F means (2) 4.7N 0.48kg