Everyone knows that headphones can listen to wonderful music because they have high-quality speaker units inside. There are many factors that affect the quality of the speaker unit. The voice coil and diaphragm are one of the most critical components for whether the speaker unit can produce good quality. This section mainly uses my own knowledge to briefly understand the voice coil in the headphone unit. If there is something wrong with the sound film, please point it out, and more professionals are welcome to discuss it with us.
1. Voice coil material:
1. The most commonly used voice coil wire: (1) Ordinary copper wire (2) OFC copper wire (3) Copper-clad aluminum wire (4 ) Aluminum wire
(1) Ordinary copper wire: Based on the principle of skin effect, the center of the copper wire is only suitable for transmitting medium and low-frequency signals, and its surface is suitable for transmitting high-frequency signals. The transmission is uneven, so it affects the sound quality. Different impacts.
(2) OFC copper wire: higher purity, lower distortion, good sound density, thicker mid-low frequencies and more delicate sounds, and softer mid- and high-frequency power.
(3) Copper-clad aluminum wire: Based on the principle of skin effect, copper-clad aluminum wire has the advantages of thick and delicate copper wire in the medium and low frequencies, as well as the good low and high frequency characteristics of aluminum wire, and the sound is bright and transparent. characteristics.
(4) Aluminum wire: Aluminum wire is lighter in weight, has a smaller density than copper, and has high vibration efficiency. Therefore, the high frequency is bright and thorough, but it is not resistant to listening. However, aluminum wire is weak in strength, and the winding and welding processes are more difficult than copper wire.
2. The impact of voice coil wires of different materials on sound quality:
(1) Copper wire has better mid-low frequencies, while aluminum wire has better high frequencies. (2) The higher the tension of the copper wire core wire, the better the sound quality and lifespan of the unit. (3) The better the voice coil material is, the better the sound density will be and the smaller the distortion will be. (4) The lighter the voice coil is, the higher the resonant frequency will be, and the vibration efficiency and sensitivity of the speaker will also be improved. (5) The low impedance of the voice coil is relatively better at low frequency than high-impedance headphones, and the sound field will be smaller than that of high-impedance headphones (such as 300 and 600 ohm high impedance).
2. Vibrating membrane (diaphragm):
1. Type of vibrating membrane:
(1) Plastic vibrating membrane such as: PET/PEN/PEI/ PI/LCP/PEEK/PC/PPS/PAR, etc. (2) Metal diaphragm such as: aluminum alloy/titanium alloy/beryllium alloy, etc. (3) Other types of vibrating membranes such as: wooden vibrating membrane/biological vibrating membrane/paper vibrating membrane, etc. With the development of science and technology, there are more and more types of diaphragms. I saw in Wang Yizhen's book that a company tried more than 200 materials to make vibrating diaphragms. In addition to developing new types of diaphragms, there are also diaphragms such as metal/wooden/biological/paper diaphragms, which were originally used in audio systems, but are now also used in headphone units.
Type of plastic sound film Product name Chemical name (Chinese name)
PET Mylar? Polyethylene terephthalate.
PEN ? Teones polyethylene dicarboxylate.
PEI? Polyetherimide
PI Polyimide
LCP? Vectra liquid crystal polymer, liquid crystal polymer (polyester)
PEEK? Polyetheretherketone
PC? Polycarbonate
PPS?Deltron polyphenylene sulfide or polystyrene sulfide
PAR ?Polyarylate
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