Your question concerns the relationship between copyright and patent right. For scientific research results, if you just write an article and publish it in a journal without applying for a patent, then you only enjoy the copyright of this article, that is, others can't copy your article. There is no patent right for the scientific research achievements mentioned in this paper. Others can use your scientific research results after reading your articles and understanding your scientific research results. You can't stop it. If you apply for a patent for your scientific research achievements and obtain a patent right, you can sue others for infringement if they use your scientific research achievements without authorization.
In addition, because patents need to meet the requirements of novelty and creativity, you must apply for a patent from the state to make your scientific research results public, otherwise you will not be able to obtain a patent right.