1． Self-propelled crane hoisting method This hoisting method mostly uses machinery such as truck cranes, crawler cranes and tire cranes, and can be divided into single cranes and double cranes. This method is generally suitable for the installation of simply supported beam plates with a span of less than 30m. There should be sufficient space for setting up a crane within the span of the on-site lifting hole or on the approach road, and the smooth road for transporting the beam should be ensured. The selection of the crane should be made after fully considering the weight of the beam body and the operating radius.
2． The cross-pier gantry installation method sets tracks on both sides of the pier in the direction of the bridge, and places the pier-crossing gantry crane on them. The beam body is transported to the erection site in a hoisted state and installed at the predetermined position. This method can generally arrange the prefabricated site of the beam at the bridge head approach road. To shorten the beam transport distance.
The advantages are: the construction operation is simple and rapid, it can be constructed quickly, and it is easy to ensure construction safety; but the terrain of the erection site should be flat and good, the beam body should be able to be transported along the bridge, and the piers should not be too high. Due to the high cost of equipment, the number of hole spans for erection and installation cannot be too few.
3. Bridge erecting machine installation method This is a typical erection and installation method for prefabricated beams. Installation guide beams are set up in the hole spans and used as support beams to erect the beam body. This installation beam structure as a support beam is called a bridge erecting machine: There are many types of bridge erecting machines at present, and there are special bridge erecting machine equipment. , there are also builders who assemble it by themselves using standing components (universal rods and beret slices, etc.).
According to different forms, bridge erecting machines can be divided into single guide beam, double guide beam, cable-stayed type and suspension type, etc. Cantilevered and span-by-span segmented bridges are also often used. Special bridge erecting machine equipment is used for construction. Its characteristics are: it is not affected by the height of the bridge pier in which the hole span is erected, nor is it affected by the conditions under the beam; it has fast erection speed and high operating safety, and is more advantageous for long bridges with more spans.
4. Pole lifting method: Pole lifting is a relatively primitive but simple and easy method. It is more suitable for some small and light components, and is rarely used now. However, in recent years, there has also been experience in the country using lifting poles to hoist large-span (330m) truss arches, with the maximum lifting weight of a single piece reaching 200t.
5. This method of floating hanger is generally suitable for the erection and installation of long bridges in estuaries and offshore, including full-hole erection and cantilever assembly of segmented blocks. This method has a shorter construction period, but the reinforcement of the beam body, the reinforcement of the barge, the barge, large spreaders, erection clamps and other equipment are all larger, and the cost of the floating crane is higher.