Strawberry, also known as foreign berry, ground berry, ground fruit, pineapple, cranberry, etc., is a berry fruit tree in gardening, and its scientific name is Fragaia ananassa Duchesne. Originating in Europe, it was introduced to my country in the early 20th century and became popular in China. Strawberry has a heart-shaped appearance, bright pink color, juicy pulp, sweet and sour taste, pleasant aroma and rich nutrition, so it is known as the "Queen of Fruits". Rosaceae, strawberry, perennial herb. There are creeping branches, compound leaves, 3 leaflets, oval shape. Blooms in early summer, in cymes, with white or slightly red flowers. The receptacle enlarges and becomes fleshy, and the achenes mature in summer and gather on the receptacle to form a red berry-like body.
Strawberry is a perennial evergreen herb of the Rosaceae family. The main species are Oriental strawberry, forest strawberry, green strawberry, Chilean strawberry and Wisconsin strawberry. Distributed in the Northern Hemisphere and South America, with the largest number in Europe, followed by the United States, Japan, North Korea, Mexico, Canada, etc. In China, it is mostly grown in the suburbs of large and medium-sized cities. The cultivated varieties are mostly Wisconsin strawberry, Chilean strawberry and their hybrids. Strawberry plants are short, with short and thick rhizomes that branch upward year by year into new stems with long stalks and three compound leaves. The cymes are terminal and the flowers are white or light red. After the flowers fade, the receptacle expands into a juicy aggregate fruit, red or white, spherical, oval or ellipsoid-shaped, with many small seed-like achenes. It likes warmth, moisture and better sunshine, and is intolerant of cold, drought and high temperatures. The root system consists of adventitious roots on new stems and rhizomes. The rhizomes begin to die after three years, with the highest yield in the second year and a decrease after three years. Propagate by stolons in autumn. When strong seedlings are planted, sufficient basal fertilizer is applied, and they can be regenerated as soon as the harvest season is completed, so that high yields can be achieved year after year. It can be cultivated in both open fields and protected areas in greenhouses. Using shoot tip and anther culture can obtain poison-free seedlings in a short time and accelerate the breeding of new varieties. Strawberry fruit is rich in vitamin C, iron and various minerals. It can be eaten fresh and made into jam, juice, and fruit wine; fresh fruit can be quickly frozen to preserve its quality for storage and transportation.
Benefits of eating strawberries
Strawberry is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Rosaceae family, also known as berry. It is native to South America and was introduced to my country at the beginning of the 20th century. There are many varieties of strawberries, with more than 2,000 varieties. The fruits are bright red, soft and juicy, sweet and sour, and fragrant. They are known as the "Queen of Fruits". Strawberries are rich in nutrients and contain a variety of active ingredients. Each hundred grams of fresh pulp contains 60 mg of vitamin C, which is higher than apples and grapes. The pulp contains a large amount of sugars, proteins, organic acids, pectin and other nutrients. In addition, strawberries are also rich in vitamins B1, B2, C, PP, as well as calcium, phosphorus, iron, potassium, zinc, chromium and other essential minerals and some trace elements for the human body. Strawberries are an important source of essential fiber, iron, potassium, vitamin C and flavonoids. Strawberry is also called cranberry, bayberry, ground berry, etc. It is a general name for plants of the genus Strawberry in the Rosaceae family. There are more than 50 species in the world.
Strawberries are rich in nutrients and contain fructose, sucrose, citric acid, malic acid, salicylic acid, amino acids, and minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, and iron. In addition, it also contains a variety of vitamins, especially vitamin C. Every 100 grams of strawberry contains 60 mg of vitamin C. The carotene contained in strawberries is an important substance for the synthesis of vitamin A, which has the effect of improving eyesight and nourishing the liver. Strawberries also contain pectin and rich dietary fiber, which can help digestion and smooth bowel movements.
The nutrients of strawberries are easily digested and absorbed by the human body. You will not catch cold or get angry if you eat more of them. It is a healthy food suitable for all ages. There are many ways to eat strawberries.
Food made from strawberries
Stir the strawberries with cream or fresh milk to eat, which tastes great; add sugar and cream to the washed strawberries and mash them into strawberry puree. After freezing, it becomes a cold, sweet, soft and delicious summer food; strawberry jam is an excellent food for making Yuanxiao steamed buns and dough fillings. Strawberries can also be processed into juice, jam, fruit wine and canned food. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that strawberries are cool in nature, sour in taste, non-toxic, and have the functions of moistening the lungs and promoting body fluids, clearing away heat and cooling blood, strengthening the spleen and relieving hangover.
How to clean strawberries
When most people wash strawberries, they will remove the leaves of the strawberries and then soak them in water. However, this approach is incorrect.
Because once the strawberry leaves are removed and soaked in water, pesticides may enter the strawberry through the water flow, which will cause more pollution.
Tips for washing strawberries
1) It is best to soak them in light salt water or rice water for 5 minutes. The reason why strawberries are difficult to clean is mainly because their appearance is rough and the skin is very thin and will break when washed. Therefore, many people simply wash it with water and eat it in order to save trouble. In fact, strawberries are herbaceous plants with relatively short plants and tender and juicy fruits, which make them susceptible to attacks by pests, diseases, and microorganisms. Therefore, pesticides must be frequently used during strawberry cultivation. These pesticides, fertilizers and pathogens can easily adhere to the rough surface of strawberries. If they are not cleaned thoroughly, they may cause diarrhea or even pesticide poisoning.
2) Be sure to wash the strawberries. It is best to rinse them continuously with tap water. The flowing water can prevent pesticides from penetrating into the fruits. Don’t eat washed strawberries right away. It’s best to soak them in light salt water or rice water for 5 minutes. Light salt water can kill harmful microorganisms remaining on the surface of strawberries; rice water is alkaline and can promote the degradation of acidic pesticides. When washing strawberries, be careful not to remove the strawberry stems. If the stem-removed strawberries are soaked in water, residual pesticides will enter the fruit with the water, causing more serious pollution. In addition, do not soak strawberries in detergents such as detergent. These substances are difficult to clean and can easily remain in the fruit, causing secondary pollution.
The Origin of Strawberry
Strawberry is also called cranberry, bayberry, groundberry, etc. It is a general name for plants of the genus Strawberry in the Rosaceae family. There are more than 50 species in the world. Strawberry is native to Europe and was introduced to my country in the 20th century. Today, the United States, Poland and Russia are the countries that grow the most strawberries in the world. Strawberries have not been planted in my country for a long time, and are mostly cultivated in urban suburbs. The cities with larger yields include Beijing, Tianjin, Shenyang, and Hangzhou. Strawberry is a perennial herbaceous plant. Its fruit develops from the receptacle and becomes a fleshy aggregate fruit, which is different from ordinary fruits that develop from the ovary. It has a heart-shaped appearance, is delicious red and tender, has juicy pulp, is sweet and sour, and has a strong fragrance. It not only has color, but also has a pleasant aroma that is not found in ordinary fruits. It is a rare fruit with good color, aroma and taste. Therefore, it is often hailed as the Queen of Fruits.
The environment that strawberries adapt to
Strawberries need to be planted in a sunny and warm environment. In addition, the soil should be well hydrophobic. If you want to plant them in the ground, be careful not to use land where potatoes have been planted before, because strawberries are easily infected with a potato pathogen.
When the strawberries bear fruit, they need to be separated from the soil. Therefore, planting strawberries in a flower pot is a better choice. You can choose a multi-purpose flower pot and lay a layer of stones on the surface of the soil in the pot, so that it is not easy to splash soil on the strawberries when watering. If they are planted in the soil, you can use some hay or mats to protect the strawberries.
Tips for eating strawberries
1. When you experience bloating due to food accumulation and poor appetite, you can eat them after eating. Eat 60 grams of strawberries before eating, 3 times a day; 2. When you have bleeding gums, sores on the mouth and tongue, little urine, and yellow color, you can mash 60 grams of fresh strawberries and drink it with cold boiled water, 3 times a day; 3. Dry cough without phlegm , if it persists for a long time, you can stew 6 grams of fresh strawberries and 30 grams of rock sugar together in water, 3 times a day; 4. When you experience dry cough due to heat, sore throat, or hoarseness, you can use fresh strawberries to wash and squeeze the juice. One cup every morning and evening; 5. When you feel dizzy and unwell after drinking, you can eat 100 grams of fresh strawberries at one time, wash them and drink them all at once, which will help sober up; 6. For those who are malnourished or weak and emaciated after illness, you can eat them after washing them. Squeeze juice from strawberries, add an equal amount of rice wine and mix well to make strawberry wine. Drink 1 cup in the morning and evening.
The three-year cycle of strawberry planting
There is a three-year cycle in strawberry planting. . Only a few strawberries can be harvested in the first year, and a lot will be harvested in the second year. However, in the third or three years, the strawberry production will decrease significantly, so the plants need to be replaced, so make reasonable arrangements to cultivate new plants. , ensuring that there are always some strawberries growing in the second year every year, so as to obtain the greatest economic benefits.
When the strawberry grows well, it will produce a vine, and new small ones will grow at the end of the vine. plant.
When the small plant grows to 3-4 leaves, you can cut it off and plant it in another flower pot. Pay attention to watering. It's best not to let the first-year new plants produce strawberries, just to grow more leaves. So when you find a new strawberry flowering in a new year, you need to pick the flowers. At the same time, don’t forget to hang a small sign on the plant and write the planting date of the new column to avoid forgetting it in the future. Remove any other excess vines from the new plants. If the strawberries are planted in the yard, pay attention to weeding. When watering, be careful not to get the strawberries wet, because once the strawberries are splashed with water, they will rot easily.
Care for strawberries
Once the strawberries start to bear fruit and turn red, be careful not to let birds peck at them, as birds can easily spot red things. Place a net over the strawberries or use a wooden basket to cover them. But if you have a greenhouse at home, you can move the strawberries into the greenhouse, which will be better. Strawberries are also more likely to bear fruit. After the strawberry fruiting period is over, you can move them out of the greenhouse and put them outdoors for the winter. From a certain point of view, if the strawberry plants withstand some frost, it will be more conducive to increasing production next year.
Strawberry is an easy plant to cultivate and can be transplanted. Sometimes you may find yellow leaves on the plant, but don't worry, just remove them. In winter, you can keep the yellow leaves until new leaves grow in the next spring, then remove the dead yellow leaves, and pay attention to watering, weeding, and pest control.
You can also plant strawberries in plant bags, but be sure to water them evenly to prevent birds from pecking the strawberries and insect damage. The soil in the plant bag dries out easily and needs to be checked frequently to ensure the soil is moist.
How to grow strawberries
Strawberries are suitable for planting in sunny soil with good hydrophobicity. The soil depth is approximately 8-10 inches.
For large strawberries, the row spacing should be 12 inches, and the plant spacing should be about 18 inches. The vines of the plants should be removed in time to facilitate the fruiting of strawberries. Strawberry production is cyclical, so it is best to establish some new plants during the first few years of planting.
If you don’t like managing strawberries, you can plant strawberries every 18-24 inches so that they can spread everywhere. Of course it will look a bit messy and the strawberries are not big. If you want to avoid this, you can remove some vines appropriately.
In autumn, cover the plants with a layer of soil to prevent frost. After the soil has frozen, you can spread 3-4 inches of hay over the plants. In the spring of the second year, when new leaves have grown, remove the hay. After the weather gets warmer and stabilizes, remove the covering soil from the surface of the plants. But leave some hay between the rows to prevent weeds from growing and to retain moisture in the soil.
A base for growing strawberries
Dandong has become the largest strawberry producing area in the country
With the launch of early-maturing strawberries, Yu Weisheng, a farmer in Yiquan Town, Donggang City, Dandong, Liaoning Province He was extremely busy during the Spring Festival. From just 0.2 acres of greenhouses, he earned more than 3,000 yuan this year. According to local government statistics, there are 60,000 farmers like Yu Weisheng engaged in the strawberry industry in Dandong, with an annual per capita income of nearly 8,000 yuan. The strawberry planting area in Dandong has reached 110,000 acres, with a total annual output of 130,000 tons, accounting for more than 15% of the country's total output. It is the largest strawberry production base in the country.
At present, Dandong strawberry is gradually realizing the industrialization of new varieties of seedlings, the scale of production bases, the serialization of fruit processing, and the internationalization of product markets. Dandong strawberries have been exported to Japan, South Korea, Singapore, the United States and other countries, with an annual output value of 450 million yuan.
Strawberry planting in Luoxi Town, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province is highly profitable
Luoxi Town, Xinbei District, Changzhou City closely focuses on the overall goal of "increasing agricultural efficiency, increasing farmers' income, and stabilizing rural areas". Make full use of the radiation drive of the facility agriculture demonstration park and more than 20 years of experience and technology in strawberry planting, and actively guide farmers to develop strawberry planting. At present, there are more than 2,000 households engaged in strawberry cultivation in this town, covering an area of ??4,500 acres, accounting for more than 70% of the market share in Changzhou.
Fenghua Shangtian Strawberry Base is listed as a national-level Spark Plan
A few days ago, the National Ministry of Science and Technology issued a partial science and technology industrialization project plan for 2003.
The construction of a pollution-free production base in Shangtian Town, Fenghua, Zhejiang, and the development of fermented wine series products were listed as the 2003 national spark project plan. The project is managed by the Fenghua Municipal Science and Technology Bureau and organized and implemented by the city's Qunma Liquor Co., Ltd. The implementation period is three years.
Introduction to Strawberry Base in Yongren County, Yunnan
Changzhou strawberry production areas are mainly distributed in Yongding and Lianchi. In 2003, 5 villages in Yongding and Lianchi townships (towns) , 215 farmers planted 330 acres of strawberries, with main varieties including Kinungan, Virginia, Changle, Berry Bao, Dasi Laike, etc., and harvested 412,500 kilograms of fresh strawberries, achieving an output value of 701,200 yuan; in the early spring of this year, Lotus Pond , 5 villages, 13 village groups, and 320 farmers in 2 townships (towns) in Yongding planted 280 acres of strawberries, yielding 1,000-1,200 kilograms of fresh strawberries per mu. The price of fresh strawberries per kilogram is 1.5-2.5 yuan. The picking has basically ended. .